Into yokuqala efanele ukusho ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu ukubeka owokubamba ugesi ngokwakho. Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezu kwe-70% yemililo emikhakheni ezimele yenzeka ngenxa yamaphutha enziwe ngesikhathi sokuxhuma kwezintambo. Uma kwenzeka ukungabaza nokuntuleka kolwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nendlela yokwenza i-wiring endlini, kungcono ukwethemba ochwepheshe okungenani noma okungenani benze umsebenzi nomsizi onolwazi.
Izintambo zikagesi zekamelo kufanele ziklanywe ngokucophelela futhi ziphinde zenziwe kabusha ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi wokufaka.
Kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi intengo yephutha uma kukhulunywa ngogesi iphezulu kakhulu. Zonke izinhlobo zamaphutha wokufaka ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo zingaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Isinyathelo Sinyathelo Sokuhlela
Ngokuvamile, yonke inqubo yokufakwa kukagesi kwendlu yangasese ihlukaniswe ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Ukwakha umdwebo we-gasket nazo zonke izimpawu zezakhi ze-wiring ezizimele.
- Ukubeka izintambo ezindongeni noma odongeni.
- Ukufakwa kwamabhodi wokushintsha, amabhokisi wokusabalalisa, kanye nezisekelo nezishintshi.
- Izikhonkwane zokuxhuma zezinto zonke.
- Hlola ngokuphelele ukunemba kokuxhuma, ukuvivinya kanye nokuyalela i-wiring.
Kakhulu, ekuzifakweni kwe-wiring akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi. Kubalulekile nje ukukhetha izintambo ezifanele ucabangele umthwalo obekelwe zona futhi ungakhohlwa ngamadivayisi okuvikela.
Umdwebo wecebo le-Wiring
Okokuqala, ngaphambi kokuqala i-wiring, kufanele wenze umdwebo onemininingwane womdwebo we-wiring endlini yangasese. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqonda ubukhulu bomsebenzi owengeziwe kanye nokwenza lula inqubo yokufaka.
Lapho wenza umdwebo, kuzoba lula ukunquma ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze lapho ubeka ucingo ezindaweni eziyinkinga. Isibonelo, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nezimo lapho abaqhubi bezincwadi ezinzima kunzima ukuthutha kude nebanga lamanzi noma ngamapayipi wokufudumeza, futhi nethuba lamanzi lokungena ezintanjeni zikagesi alikwazi ukubekezelelwa.
Akumele ubeke izintambo eziseleni zodonga ngokokuxhumana. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuzosindisa inani elithile lezinto, kepha kube nzima kakhulu kuwo wonke umsebenzi. Ngokusho kwemithetho engashiwongo, i-wiring ibekwa kuphela ngokuthe nkqo noma ngokuqondile.
Icebo elinazo zonke ezinye izinguquko ezingcono kakhulu lishiywa ngemuva, hhayi ukulahlwa. Kusukela kungekudala noma kungekudala kungadingeka ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ngemuva kokudala umdwebo, ukuze kube lula, ungadlulisa imigqa yezintambo ngodonga bese uqala umsebenzi owengeziwe. Kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi luhlobo luni lwe-wiring oluzoba - oluvaliwe noma oluvulekile.
Uhlobo lwe-wiring oluvaliwe
Ngaphandle kobunzima bokufakwa, izintambo ezivaliwe endlini yangasese zithandwa kakhulu, ngoba izintambo ezibuye zatholakala odongeni lobukhulu azidingi mhlobiso owengeziwe.
Umsebenzi wokwenza izintambo ezifihliwe uthuli kakhulu. Kuzofanele usebenze kakhulu nge-grress kanye ne-puncher, kepha ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa sekuphothuliwe wonke izintambo zizobe zifihlwe kahle ngaphansi kongqimba noma usimende kakhonkolo.
Vula uhlobo lwakwagesi
Ukwenza i-wiring evulekile ibe lula kakhulu futhi isheshe. Izintambo zibekwa kumashubhu akhethekile nakwiziteshi zekhebula. Wonke amadivaysi ahlinzekwa ukufakwa kwe-wiring evulekile enziwe ngepulasitiki engacimi umlilo noma yokuzicisha umlilo.
Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho kudluliswa izintambo zikagesi endlini yamapulangwe yangasese ngezandla, kuluhlobo oluvulekile lokufaka olukhethiwe. Ukuzama ukubeka izintambo ngaphakathi kwezinkuni akuvunyelwe.
Ukukhetha izintambo
Kubalulekile ukukhetha izintambo ezifanele zokufakwa. Kulokhu, umthwalo obekelwe wona kufanele ubhekwe. Ukubalwa kwe-wiring kagesi endlini yangasese ngezandla zakho ngokuvamile kulula. Imvamisa, bonke abathengi bamandla bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu anamandla alinganayo, kanti izintambo zikhethwa ngesiphambano esifanayo.
Ucingo lungathengwa i-aluminium noma ithusi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izindleko zezintambo ze-aluminium ziphansi kakhulu kunethusi, i-wiring enjalo manje ayisasetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abalingani besabelomali baqine kakhulu futhi babuthaka kakhudlwana. Kulula kakhulu ukusebenza ngezintambo zethusi. Kulula ukugoba, ukubeka amapayipi neziteshi, ngaphandle kokwesaba ikhefu.
Ungazami ukuhlanganisa izintambo ze-aluminium nezethusi kunethiwekhi efanayo, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kunamathuba amaningi okushiswa ngokweqile kwendawo yokuxhumana. Lokhu kuvunyelwe kuphela ukuthi kufakwe i-wiring ethile ezindlini ezindala, lapho, njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa abaqhubi be-aluminium.
Ngokuxhuma nogesi we-wiring endlini yangasese, kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izintambo zombili ezingumgogodla nezintathu zohlobo olufanayo. Ngokusebenzisa okokuqala, amadivaysi okukhanyisa ayondliwa, kanti owesibili ukhonza ukunikezela nge-voltage kuzitolo eziphansi.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa izintambo ze-VVG noma ze-PVG ezinesigcawu sabaqhubi abasebenza ku-2,5, 4 no-6 mm endlini yangasese.2ezigoqwe ungqimba oluphindwe kabili.
I-loop Ground
Lapho ufaka i-wiring kagesi endlini yangasese, kubalulekile ukunakekela ukuphepha kwabahlali. Into esemqoka eqinisekisa ukuphepha ngenkathi kusetshenziswa imishini kagesi iyawela phansi.
Ngokungeziwe kokudonsa phansi emhlabathini, i-loop yomhlabathi kumele ibe nedivayisi esisele yamanje (i-RCD). Itholakala ngqo kusihlangu. Ukuzikhuhla kuyizinto ezinkulu zensimbi ezihlanganiswe emhlabathini.
Ungakunaki ukubeka phansi. Kwezinye izimo, kungasindisa impilo yomuntu.
Ukuxhuma
Ukuxhumeka kwezintambo kwenziwa ngopelemba, ukusonteka, noma lapho usebenzisa amakhampasi akhethekile wokufiphaza. Kuze kube manje, indlela yokugcina iyona ethandwa kakhulu, ngoba yenza lula ukufakwa kwamakhebuli kagesi. Ukusonteka nakho kuyamukeleka, kepha kuphela uma usebenzisa uhlobo olufanayo lomsuka.
Indlela ethembekile yokuxhumana i-soldering, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, iyindlela enzima kunazo zonke.
Konke ukushintshwa kumele kube emabhokisini wokusabalalisa akhethekile. Ukushiya ukuxhumeka okukodwa noma okuningi kucacile akuvunyelwe yize nokuhlukaniswa okwengeziwe.
Izindawo zokuxhuma nokukhanyisa
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlangana kwesisekelo, ukushintshwa, namalambu, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxhuma izintambo kahle ngaphandle kokuziphazamisa. Kungcono ukuthi uhlele isigaba kanye no-zero kukho konke ukuphuma ngokulingana. Isibonelo, isigaba singakwesokudla kanti zero zero ngakwesokunxele.
Ngaphambi kokuxhuma ama-mains, kunconywa ukuthi kuhlolwe ukumelana kokufakwa kwemugqa ngamunye nge-megohmmeter.
Ibhodi yokusabalalisa
Isigaba esinzima kakhulu ku-elekthronikhi ukuxhuma kwebhodi eshintshwayo. Kuhlinzekwa intambo yamandla okufaka, lapho ishuthelwa khona izintambo zegatsha kuwo wonke amagumbi esakhiwo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi iphutha elincane kakhulu kumdwebo we-wiring kusihlangu sendlu yangasese ngokuqinisekile lizodala inkinga enkulu.
Sebenza nge-switchboard uphathiswe kangcono uchwepheshe wokuphakelwa kwamandla. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ngokucophelela ukuxhumana konke okudingekayo.
Isheke lokuphepha
Ukuze uhlole ukunemba kwakho konke ukuxhumana futhi uqiniseke ukuthi i-wiring iphephile, kungcono ukuxhumana nomuntu osebenza ngogesi onolwazi. Ukukhokhisa, kuzodingeka ukuthi umeme abasebenzi bezisebenzi zikagesi ukuthi basayine imvume yokuxhuma kwinethiwekhi ejwayelekile. Uma abasebenzi bekhomba ukwephula umthetho, lapho-ke sekumele kuqedwe ukucwaningwa kwabo, kuzophindwa lokho.
Ekupheleni kwesihloko, kungakuhle ukusho ukuthi ngokuvamile, ukufakwa kwe-wiring kagesi endlini yangasese kulula. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ingozi ebangelwa inqubo yokufakelwa kukagesi ngokuphulwa okuningi kanye nokuntuleka kolwazi lwezisekelo zokuphepha kukagesi. Wonke umsebenzi wenziwa kangcono enkampanini enochwepheshe.
