Kungaba nzima ezinganeni zanamuhla ukukholelwa ukuthi abazali bazo, ogogo nomkhulu bahlangabezana nokunambitheka kwezithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo esekhulile, futhi eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule zikaphayini ezingaziwa iningi labantu bakuleliya lizwe zabonwa njengophawu lokunethezeka nokuningi.
Namuhla, zonke izinhlobo zezithelo ezivela emazweni ashisayo nezindawo ezikude kakhulu zomhlaba zingatholakala cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo. Ungayikhetha kanjani uphayinaphu ukuze ungadumazeki ekunambithekeni kwe-pulp efihlwe ngaphansi kwepende eliminyene? Ngabe kukhona amaqhinga namaqhinga enza ukuthi kube nokukhipha isisindo sezithelo ezisobala ngokufana ezingeke zivele zingagugi noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zivuthwe kabusha?
Ngabe kubukeka kanjani uphayinaphu okuthenga?
Izithelo ezinhle, ezinhle, ezithweswe umqhele ngotshani bamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani, zikhule endaweni eshisayo yomhlaba. Amaphayinaphu eza eRussia e-Central and South America, nasemazweni aseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Eqinisweni, uphayinaphu, obukeka njengesithelo esisodwa, uyindlela yokuzala, equkethe amajikijolo amaningi ahlelwe endaweni yokuvulwa, esigabeni se-ovary ehlanganiswe ndawonye. Iqiniso lokuthi esikhathini esedlule "babezimele" likhumbula kuphela isimo se-peel, lapho kutholakala khona imidwebo yama-bracts nemingcele yezithelo ngazinye.
Ngaphakathi, inyama emnandi futhi emuncu yavela esizeni se-inflorescence ifana nomongo onzima, okungukuthi, isiqu esihlume kusithelo sonke. Futhi ngaphezulu kwephayinaphu, isiqu esinjalo sakha irosette eluhlaza.
Wonke umuntu owake wazama uphayinaphu, osanda kutshalwa epulazini futhi ongachithi isikhathi eside namasonto esendleleni, uyazi impendulo eqondile yombuzo othi: “Yimaphi amaphayinaphu angcono?” Izithelo eziwela etafuleni kufanele zibe zintsha futhi zivuthwe ngangokunokwenzeka. Kepha kuthiwani uma indawo yokutshala eseduze inezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha kude, futhi amaphayiphu athengiswa ekhoneni esitolo, okuthi, kulwazi lokuhamba, alwesibili kuphela kuFedor Konyukhov?
Kungenzeka futhi kanjani ukuvutha uphayinaphu?
Njengoba umthengi engakwazi ukushintsha ijubane lokulethwa kwezithelo kusuka endaweni yokukhula aye esitolo, lapho ekhetha uphayinaphu kuyofanele azihlomise ngolwazi oluthile. Bazosiza ekuboneni izinga lokuvuthwa kwepulpula elifihlekile ngaphansi kwekhasi, nekhwalithi yezithelo.
Ngokungafani nobhanana, ovuniwe ocishe ube luhlaza emasimini, bese kuthi lapho efika lapho efika khona, aphathwe ngegesi ekhethekile ebangela ukuba izithelo zivuthwe, uphayinaphu uzama ukuwasika uvuthwe. Iqiniso ngukuthi kubhanana nakwezinye izithelo ezingavuthwa ngemuva kokuvunwa, ushukela uyakhiwa ngenxa yezinto ezinesitashi eziqoqiwe. Azikho emaphayinaphu, futhi zilinde izithelo eziluhlaza eziluhlaza zibe muncu, zingasho lutho isikhashana. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo ovame ukubuzwa: “Ungawukhipha kanjani uphayinaphu othengwe esitolo?”, Umuntu kufanele anikeze impendulo engemihle.
Uma uphayinaphu awumnandi, ukushintsha ukunambitheka kwawo ngeke kusize ekuphenduleni izithelo zibheke phansi, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi kuyalwa, noma kugcinwe kufudumele noma kubanda.
Ungagcina uphayinaphu esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-3-6, futhi izinga lokushisa kuleli cala akumele libe ngaphansi kuka-6-8 ° C, ngaphandle kwalokho inyama izoba namanzi. Esikhathini esifudumele, izithelo akufanele zishiywe nhlobo, ngoba izinqubo zokuvutshelwa ziqala ngokushesha ngaphansi kwesikhumba, futhi umsebenzi wama-microorganisms ayingozi ngaphansi kwale mibandela uvuselelwa ngamandla.
Iphayinaphu eshiyelwe ukuvuthwa ngeke ibe manzi futhi ibe mnandi, izomila kuphela noma iqale ukubola.
Ungayikhetha kanjani uphayinaphu omuhle kakhulu?
Ukuze ungabheki izindlela zokuthambisa izithelo ezingavuthiwe, kufanele wenze konke okusemandleni esitolo futhi uthole uphayinaphu ovuthiwe ovuthiwe. Ngaphambi kokukhetha uphayinaphu, kusiza ukubheka efasiteleni bese uqokomisa izithelo:
- nomqhele onamaqabunga aluhlaza kakhulu;
- "nomzimba" obushelelezi, kepha hhayi obumbala;
- nge-predominance yamathoni egolide aphuzi ngombala.
Ukusondela ezithelo ezivuthiwe, ungazizwa unephunga elimnandi ngaphandle kwezimpawu ze-asidi noma ukuthinta ukuvutshelwa. Ukuthinta, izithelo ezivuthiwe zinobukhulu, zixinekile, kepha azithambile. I-peanapple peel ibukeka icishe ibe flat, hhayi i-tuberous.
Noma ngenkathi kuvunwa emasimini, cishe zonke izithelo zinokulingana okufana nokuvuthwa, zombili izithelo eziluhlaza nezithela zivimbela emashalofini.
Amaphayinaphu angavuthiwe angakhonjwa:
- ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zesengezo ebusweni bekhasi;
- onotshani, kepha hhayi iphunga elizithelo;
- ngezithelo eziqinile, hhayi ezinwebekile.
Abakhiqizi bephayinaphu bathi izithelo ezinemibala eluhlaza ngokuphelele zingaba zinoshukela, kepha ukukhetha uphayinaphu okungenani okuphutheke kancane ophuzi ngombala kuzokwenza umthengi abe sengozini yokudumazeka. Lawa ma-apula aluhlaza angavuthwa kwikhawuni bese athola ukunambitheka okuhlukile ngemuva kokulondolozwa.
Amaphayinaphu okweqile anika umhlabathi othambile, omuncu noma onephunga le-least. Ngokushesha lapho inani elikhulu likashukela liziqongelela ku-uphayinaphu, izithelo ziba sengozini yokubola. Njengoba amaphayinaphu elashwa ngama-fungicides nezinye izinto ezivimbela impango ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kusuka emasimini, amabala obumba noma ukuthambisa okuthe xaxa ku-bark awatholakali. Kepha ngaphakathi kokudlula, okwonakele noma okubandayo lapho kuhanjiswa izinqubo zokubhubhisa fetus sekuyaqhubeka.
Noma yikuphi ukufiphaza okumnyama kubholo, amadonsa wejusi, iziqaqa ezithambile noma imifantu kuyizimpawu ze-alamu okufanele zibe yisizathu sokwenqaba ukuthengwa.
Ukuvuthwa kukaphayinaphu kuqala phansi kwawo. Kukule ngxenye ukuthi izithelo zihlala zimnandi, yingakho umbala wezithelo ezivuthiwe uqala ukushintsha. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, isibonakaliso sokuvuthwa singabhekwa njengokukhanya okukhanyayo okuphuzi kwegolide ekhasini, okungenani kube khona ezingxenyeni zalo ezizungeze isisekelo sezithelo. Lapho umbala ophuzi usakazeka kakhulu, ubumnandi bemvelo bufana nobukhulu bophayinaphu.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthola ukuvuthwa kwe-rosette yamaqabunga kuphayinaphu?
Ekhuluma ngokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani uphayinaphu, abaningi basho ukuthi kungenzeka bakhethe iqabunga ku-sultan phezulu kwesithelo. Uma iqabunga kulula ukondla nokulenza ngisho nangomzamo omncane, kukholelwa ukuthi uphayinaphu uvuthiwe. Ngeshwa, lo mbono unephutha. Futhi ukudonsa amaqabunga ekhawunteni kuzoholela enkingeni kuphela, hhayi ukuthenga izinto ozifisayo.
Uphayinaphu olondoloziwe ushiya umile ngokwemvelo ohambweni nasekugcinweni, kepha ungaguquki umbala.
Ngakho-ke, ungawonakalisa kalula umkhiqizo, kepha ngeke unikeze noma yiluphi ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nophayinaphu. Kepha ukushintshwa kombala wamaqabunga kusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kinsundu noma ukomiswa ngokuphelele kwesitofu kufakazela ngokucacile ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwesithelo ekhawunteni noma ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokugcinwa kwayo.
Imaphi amaphayinaphu angcono nge-sultan eluhlaza noma irosette lamaqabunga? Njengomthetho, kunconyelwa ukuthenga uphayinaphu onesisekelo esinokuphakama okungenani kuka-10 cm, kodwa futhi kungabi ngaphezu kwamabili ubude bezithelo ngokwazo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ekhokhela i-sultan enkulu ebabazekayo, umthengi uthola i-pulp ebiza kakhulu.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ama-rosette amaqabunga aphayinaphu asetshenziswa ukuhlobisa itafula emicimbini ye-gala noma emaphathini edliwayo. Kulokhu, ungagcina amaqabunga emisha izinsuku eziningana, uma ususa ngokucophelela isokhethi esithelweni, usihlanze ngokulandela ithala bese uligoqa esikhwameni ukulibeka esiqandisini.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kungakufanele ukuthi uhlole kuphela izithelo ngokwazo nezimpawu zazo, kodwa indawo yokusika kwesiqu. Uma kungalingani, kukhulu ngokweqile noma ngemisuka yokubumba, kungcono ukukhetha uphayinaphu ukubukeka okuhle.
