I-Echinopsis (Echinopsis) uyilungu lomndeni wakwaCactaceae. Ngokwemvelo, itholakala eBolivia, eParaguay, e-Argentina, eBrazil, nase-Uruguay. Igama lalezi zinhlobo lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi "hedgehog".
Lolu hlobo lwe-cactus luvame kakhulu futhi eminyakeni yamuva sibonga abaqoqayo ungabona ama-nzalo namafomu ayengazange abekhona ngaphambili. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, izitshalo ezisencane zineziqu ezakhiwe ngebhola. Kepha kancane kancane inwebeka futhi ithathe isimo sesilinda. Phezu kwesiqu esimnyama noma esikhanyayo esiluhlaza kukhona ngisho nezimbambo ezibonakalayo, ezibonakalayo lapho ama-areoles amakhulu amakhulu anezinwele ezimfushane. Ubude be-spines buya ngohlobo futhi bangaba ngamasentimitha ambalwa noma ngamamilimitha ambalwa.
Izimbali ezimise okomsebenzi zinosayizi omkhulu kunalokho (kufika ku-14 amasentimitha). Zingapendwe ngombala opinki, obomvu noma omhlophe. Ishubhu ezimbalini lide impela (amasentimitha angama-20) futhi ngaphezulu kwalo kukhona i-pubescence eminyene. Ama-petals ahlelwe ngemigqa engu-7. Kunezinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinhle ezinamakha.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-echinopsis ekhaya
Ukukhanyisa
Isibani esikhanyayo siyadingeka unyaka wonke, kanti inani elincane lokukhanya kwelanga eliqondile ngeke libalimaze.
Imodi yokushisa
Ehlobo, badinga ukushisa kusuka kuma-degree angama-22 kuye kwangama-27. Ngokuqala kwenkathi yasekwindla, kunconywa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kancane kancane, bese ebusika ubeke i-cactus endaweni epholile impela (ukusuka kuma-degree ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12).
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukuchelela kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwesahlukanisi sesomile kahle. Ngobusika obupholile, i-cactus ayithelwanga ngokuphelele noma kuyaqabukela.
Umswakama
Uzizwa kahle ngomswakama ophansi efulethini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulu, kanye nokuqhakaza isikhathi 1 kumaviki ama-4. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo okhethekile we-cacti. Ebusika, umanyolo awukwazi ukufakwa emhlabathini.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Transplantation kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo 1 esikhathini 2 noma 3 iminyaka. Ungayisebenzisela le nqubo i-substrate ethengiwe eyenzelwe i-cacti, eye-pH yayo icishe ibe ngu-6. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba omuhle wedonsa. Ukusuka ezinsukwini ezi-6 kuye kwezingu-8 emva kokufakelwa, lesi sitshalo akufanele siniselwe ukugwema ukwakheka kokubola ohlelweni lwezimpande.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ingasakazwa yizingane nezimbewu.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenzelwa entwasahlobo, ngoba lokhu bathatha inhlabathi enomswakama, okubandakanya nesihlabathi somfula, amalahle ochotshoziwe ne-sheet yomhlaba, okufanele athathwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1,2: 1. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu idinga ukucwiliswa emanzini afudumele isikhashana. Izilimo kufanele zibekwe ekushiseni (ama-degree angama-17-20), kuyilapho kufanele zifafazwe ngokuhlelekile futhi zingene umoya.
Izingane zidinga ukuhlukaniswa ngokucophelela, bese zishiywe ukuze zome izinsuku eziningana, bese zitshalwa ukuze zibambe (inhlabathi enhle izokwenza).
Uma i-cactus indala kakhulu, kunconywa ukuyiphindaphinda. Sika ngobumnene ingaphezulu bese ushiya izinsuku eziyishumi nambili zomiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho, itshalwe esihlabathini esiswakeme ukuze ikhule. I-hemp esele ebhodweni nayo izokhula amahlumela amasha.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Lezi cacti zingenye yezindawo ezinesibindi kakhulu nezivimbela izifo.
Kule cacti, isikhafu, imaybubu noma isicabucabu singakwazi ukuhlala. Uma lesi sitshalo sinakekelwa ngendlela engafanele, singagula ngokubola kweklabishi owomile, ukulimala sekwephuzile, ukubola kwezimpande, ukugqwala, izinhlobo ezihlukile zokubona.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziphambili
I-Echinopsis acicular (Echinopsis oxigona)
Isiqu esinezimo zebhola sinombala oluhlaza futhi ububanzi singafinyelela amasentimitha angama-5-25. Kunemiphetho eyindilinga esuka ku-8 kuya kwayi-14, kwesinye isikhathi lapho kutholakala khona amashubhu. Ama-areoles angcwatshwe kancane apendwe ngombala omhlophe qhwa. Ameva amhlophe kancani, kanti amaphakathi, abunjwe ngenaliti kanti futhi aminyene asuka ku-1 kuye ku-5 (engekho kwenye i-cacti), kanti kukhona kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-15 radial. Izimbali ezibomvu-ezibomvu noma ezipinki ubude zifinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-22. Izithelo eziluhlaza obubanzi zifinyelela amasentimitha amabili, futhi ubude - amasentimitha amane.
I-Echinopsis Eyrieza (Echinopsis eyriesii)
Isiqu esinezimbambo eziyi-11-18 sinombala oluhlaza okotshani. Izindawo zitholakala ezimbanjeni, ngaphakathi kuzo kukhona amabhola amhlophe acwebezelayo, kanti izikhala ezimfishane ezimise okwama-awl zikhula ziphuma kuzo (zivele ziphume emgobeni we-fluffy). Izimbali ezinde (kufika ku-25 amasentimitha) zipendiwe ngombala opinki noma omhlophe. Maphakathi nethambo kwesinye isikhathi imicu emnyama epinki. Lesi sitshalo sikhula izinqubo eziningi zamuva.
I-Echinopsis tubiferous (Echinopsis tubiflora)
Ezitshalweni ezincane, isiqu esiluhlaza sinomumo oyindilinga, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi siyeluleka, sibe yi-cylindrical. Izimbambo ezishiwo zisuka ku-11 kuya kwezingu-12 izingcezwana, futhi zinemifantu ejulile impela. Ama-areoles angafakwa upende ngemibala ehlukahlukene kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kimpunga noma kube mnyama. Imivimbo engu-ophuzi ophuzi inezeluleko ezimnyama. Kunemigqa emi-3-4 emaphakathi, efinyelela amasentimitha angama-3.5, kanye nezingcezu ezingama-20 ezikhipha imisebe ezinobude obungamasentimitha ayi-2,5. Izimbali ezimhlophe ezimise okomsebenzi zinkulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10, futhi ubude - amasentimitha angama-25.
I-Echinopsis hook -chas (i-Echinopsis ancistrophora)
Isiqu esiluhlaza sinesimo sebhola, kuyilapho sithambile futhi ububanzi sifinyelela ngamasentimitha ayi-8. Ezimbabweni kukhona izigaxa ezibonakala kahle. Izingcezu ezi-radiation ezingama-3-10 eziguqukayo ezishintshashintshashintshashintshintshintshintshi ezivela emisebeni ziphuma kuma-areoles akhanyayo, nawo asakazeka futhi agobile emuva. Ngobude, afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-1.5. Njengomthetho, munye kuphela umgogodla ophakathi nendawo, onombala onsundu onsundu kanye nesipuni esigobile. Ekugcineni, iva elinjalo lifinyelela amasentimitha amabili. Izimbali ezingenawo iphunga futhi ziyaqhakaza ngesikhathi sasemini zitholakala ezinhlangothini zesiqu. Ubude bawo bucishe bulingane namasentimitha ayi-15, futhi apendwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene yemibala kusuka kokubomvu kuya kokupinki noma okumhlophe. Ngobude, izithelo zifinyelela ngamasentimitha ayi-1.5, futhi ubukhulu - isentimitha eyi-1, kanti umbala wazo ungaba lilac-luhlaza okotshani noma lilac.
I-Golden Echinopsis (i-Echinopsis aurea)
Kwisitshalo esincane, isiqu sinokwakheka kwebhola, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi siyashintsha sibe yisilinda. Ukuphakama kwaso kufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10, futhi ububanzi bawo ngamasentimitha ayi-4-6. Njengomthetho, unezimpande eziningi zezimpande. Isiqu sidwetshelwe ngombala oluhlaza omnyama futhi sinezimbambo ezi-14 noma eziyi-15 eziphakeme. Kuzo ama-arene anama-pubescence ansundu atholakala kuwo, lapho kutholakala khona izinhlayiya ezingamasentimitha ayi-10 ukusuka ezinhlangothini ezi-1 kuye kwezi-4, kufinyelela cishe amasentimitha amathathu ubude. Izimpunga ezi-brownish zinezeluleko eziphuzi. Ehlobo, izimbali eziningi zikhula ngohlobo lwensimbi futhi zifinyelele kububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-8 ngaphansi noma phakathi kwesiqu. I-perianth, embozwe nge-setae encane, ineshubhu eligoqiwe. Ama-petals ayo asawolintshi aphuzi anamathiphu. Izithelo ezilahliwe, ezinomile zinomumo wokusaqanda.
Echinopsis huascha
Iziqu zawo eziluhlaza obumnyama zingaba ziqonde noma zigwetshwe, kuyilapho zigatsha ngokuqinile ezansi. Bangakwazi ukuphakama ngamasentimitha angama-50 kuye kwangama-90, futhi ububanzi bawo ngamasentimitha ayi-5-8. Esihlahleni, kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-18 izimbambo zitholakala, kanti ama-pubescent areoles anombala onsundu ngombala. Njengomthetho, kukhona kusuka ku-9 kuya ku-11 amabala ansundu asebusweni, futhi ngobude angafinyelela amasentimitha amane. Imijikelezo emaphakathi inguku-1 noma 2 kuphela, kanti ubude bawo bungamasentimitha ayi-6. Izimbali ezimise okokuqina ziqhakaza kuphela ngesikhathi sasemini, kanti ubude bawo buhlukahluka ukusuka kwamasentimitha ayi-7 kuye kwayi-10, nombala - usuka ophuzi ngokugqamile kuya obomvu okhanyayo. Izithelo ezibomvu noma eziluhlaza-ophuzi zingaba ngesimo se-oval noma isiyingi, ubukhulu bazo buba cishe amasentimitha amathathu.
I-Echinopsis emhlophe egeleza umbala omhlophe (i-Echinopsis leucantha)
Isiqu saso esiluhlaza okotshani siyindilinga noma esifushane ngokuqanjwa singafinyelela amasentimitha angama-35, futhi ububanzi - amasentimitha ayi-12. Izimbambo ezimbalwa eziluhlaza kakhulu, ezisontekile zinombolo kusuka kwezingu-12 kuye kwezingu-14. Ama-areoles amhlophe qwa anomumo obala. Kuzo kuphuma umgogodla owodwa omaphakathi, osugobekile. Ipendiwe nsundu futhi inobude obungamasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-10. Kukhona izingcezu ezisukela ku-8 kuye kwezingu-10 zezikhala ezigobekile, ezisontekile. Anombala onsundu ophuzi futhi ubude ngamasentimitha ayi-2,5. Izimbali ezimhlophe eziqhakaza engxenyeni engenhla yeziqu zifinyelela ubude bamasentimitha angama-20. Izithelo ezinenyama ebomvu emnyama ziyindilinga.
Echinopsis mamillosa
Isiqu esithambile sokuphakama kwamasentimitha angamashumi amathathu sipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Unezimbambo ezisukela ku-13 kuye kwezingu-17, ezingagcini nje ngemiphetho ebukhali, kodwa futhi nangama-grooves ajulile, kanye nezifuba ezinamaphawu kahle. Kusukela kuma-areoles anesimo esiyindilinga, ameva akhungwe noma aqondile avele. Anombala ophuzi futhi amathiphu awo ansundu. Kukhona kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-4 izingcezu zesentimenti ephakathi nendawo, futhi ezinjenge-awl ezimise okokukhanya kusuka ezincezwaneni ezi-8 kuye kweziyi-12 kanti ubude bazo bubuye bube lisentimitha elilodwa. Izimbali ezimise okomshini zigobile kancane. Amacembe awo amhlophe qhwa, futhi amathiphu awo apinki. Ngobude, imbali ifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15, futhi ububanzi - amasentimitha ayi-8. Izithelo zinesimo sebhola.
I-Echinopsis multipartite (Echinopsis multiplex)
Isiqu saso sinokwakheka kwebhola, kanti ipipi liyindilinga. Ekuphakameni, ifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15. Izimbambo ezikhula ngaphansi kukhona zisukela ku-12 kuya kwezingu-15 izingcezu. Ama-areoles anonqenqemeni omhlophe, kuthi imiphunga ephuzi enamathiphu amnyama iphume kuwo. Imisebe ye-radial isuka kwezingcezu ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-15, kanti ubude bayo bufika ngamasentimitha ama-2, kuthi okuphakathi kube yizicucu ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-5 kanti ubude bawo bube amasentimitha amane. Izimbali ezimhlophe ezipinki-ezimhlophe zinomumo wefreyimu nobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-12-16.
