Ukutshala i-Gooseberry emhlabathini ovulekile nezimpawu zokunakekelwa

Enye yezitshalo eziningi ezidumile ezitshaliwe ezingatholakala emakotini ehlobo yi-gooseberries. Indawo azalelwa kuyo lo omele amaSmorodinovs iseNyakatho Afrika. Kutholakala futhi eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Izinhlobo ze-gooseberry zasendle zimelelwa kakhulu eCaucasus naseNyakatho Melika.

Imininingwane yokuqala ngalesi sitshalo yatholakala ngo-1536, lapho incazelo ye-gooseberries ihlanganiswa nguRuel. Kamuva, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kanzima, abafuyi baseMelika bakwazi ukudala ama-nzalo amelana ne-powdery hlobo.

Namuhla, ama-gooseberry asakaze kabanzi, ngakho-ke angatholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe.

Incazelo yamabibi amajamu

Imvamisa lesi sitshalo sikhula ngohlobo lwesihlahla. Kuyisiko ukuyisho ukuthi izitshalo ezinobukhulu obuphakathi, inqobo nje uma ukuphakama zingafinyelela ku-120 cm. Ama-Gooseberries anegxolo elimpunga, amahlumela embozwe ngameva.

Ngenkathi yokukhula, amahlumela amancane wesimo se-cylindrical ayakheka, avame ukuhlotshiswa ngemikhaba emincane. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izinhlobo ze-gooseberry ziyaziwa ngazo ezingekho ameva.

Amacembe makhulu ngosayizi, angakhula afike kuma-6 cm, isimo sesimo siyindilinga. NgoMeyi, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali zomdondo kuqala, ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka izimbali ziba zibomvu noma ziluhlaza okotshani.

Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza izithelo ziyakhiwa amajikijolo okusaqandaokuvame ukuba bushelelezi noma kube namabhulashi amancane. Ngobukhulu bancane - akukho ngaphezu kwe-12 mm. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingakhula ngazo izithelo ezingafika kuma-40 mm ngosayizi.

Ama-Gooseberry ahlabelelwa ngoJulayi noma ngo-Agasti. Bangaba nemibala ehlukahlukene - luhlaza, ophuzi, obomvu futhi mhlophe. Ukuba khona kwama-organic acid nosawoti wezinsimbi eziningi ekwakhekeni kwawo kwenza izithelo ezibalulekile.

Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo eziningi, ama-gooseberry anjalo isiko lokuzenzisa. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala isihlahla esisodwa kuphela kusayithi, ungathola njalo isivuno salawajikijolo izinkathi eziningi zonyaka.

Ukutshala ama-gooseberries

Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isiko, ama-gooseberry ahlinzeka ngezici ezithile maqondana nokutshala nokunakekela kwakhe endaweni evulekile. Ungahlela ukutshala kwezitshalo ezincane entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Esimweni sokugcina, kukhethwa isikhathi phakathi kokuphela kukaSepthemba naphakathi no-Okthoba.

• Kufanele uqaphele ikakhulukazi lapho ukhetha indawo yama-gooseberries. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba isihlahla sinezimpande ezinde. Ngakho-ke, i-lowland yindawo engafanele yokwenzelwa kuyo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ugijima engcupheni yezifo zokukhunta lapho uzikhula.
• Ochwepheshe batusa ukubeka ama-gooseberry ezindaweni ezinelanga elithafeni noma eligoqiwe. Kufanele kubhekwe kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yama-gooseberry ivikelekile emoyeni.
• Izihlahla ezijule kakhulu ze-gooseberry zitholakala uma zitshalwe enhlabathini enesihlabathi noma ubumba. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukufutheka kwenhlabathi njalo.

Ungatshala izihlahla zejamuberry entwasahlobo noma ekuweni. Futhi, yize le nqubo ingehlukile kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bezolimo, kungcono kakhulu ukuhlela ukufika lapho sekuwa. Iqiniso ngukuthi uma utshala izithombo ezincane ngo-Okthoba, amathuba ukuthi kuzoba busika kahle ubusika futhi buzoqala ukukhula entwasahlobo.

Ukutshala ugqumugqumu ekwindla

Omunye wemisebenzi engathandeki lapho kutshalwa futhi kukhula ama-gooseberries ukhula. Lokhu akumnandi kakhulu ukukwenza ngenxa yokuthi lesi simila sinameva amaningi. Ukususa ezinkingeni ezinjalo, kunconywa ukususa ukhula ekwindla yokuqala.

Kepha ekuqaleni bemba umhlabathilapho kuhlelwa khona ukutshala izihlahla. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngoba kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukhula oshiywe emhlabathini.

Ngemuva kwalokho, bayaqhubeka nokulungiswa kwesakhiwo sokutshala ama-gooseberries. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ingaphezulu kufanele lidwetshwe kusetshenziswa i-rake. Umhlabathi kumele ukhululwe, ngakho-ke ama-clods odaka kudingeka aphulwe kahle.

Uma sekusele amasonto amabili ngaphambi kosuku lokutshala izihlahla, qala ukupheka imigodiezidinga ukwakheka njengekhiyubhu. Ubude bezinhlangothi zomgodi kufanele bube ngu-0.5 m ngamunye. Lokhu kwenziwa kusengaphambili ukuze umhlabathi uzinze ngaphambi kokuqala kokulima.

Qiniseka ukuthi ususa ungqimba olungaphansi lomhlaba futhi uyixube nomanyolo. Uma umhlabathi wobumba ugcwala endaweni ekhethiwe, khona-ke ngaphezu kwengxube udinga ukufaka ibhakede lesihlabathi somfula.

1. Uma uhlela ukutshala izihlahla eziningi ze-gooseberry, kunconywa ukuthi zingabekwa eduze kuka-1−1.5 m ukusuka komunye nomunye. Phakathi kwemigqa yezihlahla kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga elilingana okungenani namamitha amathathu.
2. Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla lapho uneminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala. Imvamisa vele banesistimu yezimpande eyenziwe kahle, efinyelela kubude obungaba ngu-30 cm. Kumele babe nezithombo eziningana eziqinile.
3. Ngisho nangaphambi kokutshala izithombo, udinga ukubeka izimpande zosuku kusisombululo somanyolo. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuthatha izipuni ezintathu noma ezine zezakhi bese uxuba ngamalitha ayi-5 amanzi.
4. Izitshalo zejogoberry ezincane zibekwa emgodini ukuze zitholakala kuwo ngomthambeka omncane. Izimpande kufanele zinikezwe isikhundla semvelo, kuyilapho intamo yezimpande kufanele ibekwe kancane ngaphansi komhlaba.
5. Ngemuva kwalokho, umgodi uqala ukugcwalisa umhlaba ngezingxenye ezincane. Futhi ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukuyisayina.
6. Isihlahla esitshaliwe sidinga ukuniselwa - imvamisa ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi lanele kwisitshalo esisodwa. Lapho umswakama umunwa, ingaphezulu lomhlabathi limbozwa nge-mulch - i-peat noma i-humus. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukugawulwa kwamagatsha kwenziwa, ngenxa yalokho okungabi ngaphezu kwama-5-6 efihlekile okufanele kuhlale engxenyeni ngayinye.

Uma ufuna ukuthola isihlahla sejamu esihle, esinempilo futhi esikhiqizayo, lapho udinga ngqo athobele imithetho yokufika futhi umnakekele.

Ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo

Esibonakaliso sokuqala sentwasahlobo esondela, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukunakekela ama-gooseberries. Noma yimuphi umlimi angabhekana ngokuphumelelayo nalomsebenzi ngokulingene, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kunjani. Ukuze uthole lokhu, kubalulekile nje ukuthi wazi imithetho eyisisekelo yezolimo futhi uhambisane nayo.

Lapho umgwaqo uqala ukufudumala, kepha iqhwa lizobe likhona kwezinye izindawo, chitha ukucubungula izihlahla gooseberries ngamanzi abilayo usebenzisa ibhodlela lokufafaza. "Ukugeza" okunjalo kuzosiza ukugwema ukubukeka kokuqala kwezinambuzane nezifo.

Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, chitha ethukulula inhlabathi endaweni yezimpande. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi icutshungulwe iye ekujuleni okungamasentimitha ayi-10. Ngemuva kwalokho, kumele imbozwe ngengqimba ye-mulch. Ngemuva kwalokho ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kuqala.

Intwasahlobo kanye nokuqala kwehlobo yilezo zikhathi lapho ugqumugqumu ulula kakhulu umswakama. Ukuhlinzeka isitshalo ngamanzi, kunconywa ukufeza ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa ukuthambisa noma ukuthambisa.

Kusetshenziswa lezi zindlela, kungenzeka ukuthi unikeze umswakama ngqo ohlelweni lwezimpande, olutholakala ekujuleni kuka-5 kuya ku-40 cm. Cishe izinkomba ezinhlanu okufanele zenziwe ngesizini ngayinye. Kulokhu, akwamukeleki ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa amanzi abandayo.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala ama-gooseberries, khona-ke lapho usuhamba udinga ukunakekela ukudala ukusekelwa kwamagatsha aphansi okulengiswa. Imvamisa kulezi zinhloso sebenzisa ama-streamers noma amanethaefakwe endaweni ephakeme cishe engama-30 cm phakathi kwemigqa.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Autumn

Ngenqubo yokunakekela ama-gooseberries ekwindla, umlimi kudingeka ukuba alungiselele izihlahla ebusika. Okuphoqelekile ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kuyondla.

Njengomphumela womanyolo, ama-gooseberries aqala ukwakha ama-buds wezithelo ukuze angenise ukukhula ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwindla izihlahla zidinga ukuthenwa.

Akunconyelwe ukuthi udlulise lo msebenzi esikhathini sentwasahlobo, ngoba, lokhu kuzothusa amandla, futhi lokhu kubenza bangakwazi ukumelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Ukugqoka kukaGooseberry

Wonke umlimi onqume ukutshala ama-gooseberries engadini yakhe kufanele azi ukuthi ngokuvuthwa kwezithelo kubalulekile ukunakekela isitshalo iminyaka eminingi. Ngasikhathi sinye, enqubweni yokushiya ngaphansi kwezihlahla, njalo udinga ukwenza umanyolo, awudinga ngobuningi.

Ukuze ugcwalise ukusilela kwazo zonke izinto, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amaminerali nokufaka umanyolo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungafuni ukulwa njalo nezifo ze-gooseberry futhi uthole isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo yonke inkathi, khona-ke udinga ukuletha njalo izakhi zomzimba ngaphansi kwezihlahla.

Le ngxube elandelayo ilungile njengokugqoka okuphezulu: udinga ukuthatha isigamu sebhakede le-humus, uyixube ne-50 g ye-superphosphate, kanye ne-ammonium sulfate ne-potassium sulfate, othathwe ngo-25 g ngamunye.

Le Umanyolo yanele ukuhlinzeka izakhi esihlahleni usayizi ojwayelekile. Uma isihlahla sikhulu impela, kuzodingeka uphinde uphinde lezi zingxenye.

Indawo yomanyolo inqunywa eceleni komngcele womqhele. Ukugqoka ngakunye okuphezulu kufanele kuqedwe ngokukhulula inhlabathi.

Ngemuva kwama-gooseberry eziqhakazayo, kanye namasonto amabili kamuva, kuyadingeka ukwengeza yenza isixazululo se-mullein. Ukuze uyilungiselele, thatha ingxenye eyi-1 yengxube bese ufaka izingxenyana ezi-5 zamanzi. Okungenani amalitha ama-5 wesisombululo kumele asetshenziselwe isitshalo esisodwa.

Isifo se-Gooseberry

Ukulimala okukhulu impela kungadala isihlahla se-gooseberry i-powdery isikhutha. Yaziwa nangokuthi umtapo wezinhlaka. Kwanele ngalesi sifo ukushaya isihlahla kanye ukuze umlimi ashiywe ngaphandle kwesilimo.

Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala ze-powdery hlobo, kuthathwe izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokulwa nalo, uma kungenjalo kuzodlula iminyaka embalwa futhi lesi sitshalo sife ngokuphelele. Izimo ezithandeka kakhulu ze-powdery isikhutha zenzeka ngalezo zinsuku lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama siphikelela.

I-Powdery mildew ibonakala ngokubonakala kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, kufaka phakathi amajikijolo, ukugoqa okuhlophe okumhlophe. Kamuva, liphenduka libe yi-brown crust. Uma i-plaque ivela amahlumela, khona-ke ekugcineni aqala ukugoba futhi kancane kancane ayome.

Amaqabunga aba brittle bese ewa, bese izithelo, zingafiki esigabeni sokuvuthwa, zidilike emhlabathini. Ungakugwema ukulimaza izihlahla ezinalesi sifo uma uzifafaza ngesixazululo somuthi oqukethe i-HOM yethusi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ukuze ulungiselele umkhiqizo, thatha i-40 g yesidakamizwa bese ufaka amalitha ayi-10 amanzi.

Futhi azikho izifo eziyingozi kakhulu ze-gooseberries I-anthracosis, i-mosaic ne-goblet rust.

UMose. Lesi sifo sibangelwa amagciwane agciwane. Uma ehlathini enezimpawu zalesi sifo, khona-ke ngeke kusebenze. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udinga ngokushesha okukhulu bamba izihlahla ezithintekile uzishise.

Kwezinye izitshalo, ungazama indlela elandelayo yokwelashwa. Ukufafaza kungasiza ekulweni nobuhle. "I-Nitrafen "noma i-sulfate yethusi.

Izinhlobo Zamagogo

Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi namuhla izinhlobo eziningi ze-gooseberry ziye zavunwa, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokutshala nokunakekela, zisetshenziswa kubo futhi. Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zingamelwa ngamaqembu amabili.

Kuyisiko ukubiza owokuqala ama-gooseberries aseYurophu. Isici esibonakalayo sezihlahla siyinkathi ende yokuzithelo, phakathi lapho amajikijolo amakhulu akha. Iqiniso elibuthakathaka ukumelana okuphansi kwezinambuzane nezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Kwakhiwa iqembu lesibili izinhlobo ezi-hybrid, ezaziwa nangokuthi i-American-European. Akuvamile ukuba zithinteke izifo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-gooseberry nazo ziyahlukaniswa, ngokuya ngendawo ameva akho. Izitshalo ezaziwa kakhulu ezingenamunga yilezi:

• ukhozi;
• serenade;
• mnene;
• ngaphandle kokubumba.

Ama-gooseberry athandwa kahle nje kubalimi abaningi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ayikwazi kuphela ukukhiqiza kakhulu, kepha futhi ayidingi impova kwinqubo ekhulayo.

Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole iningi lamajikijolo kusuka emahlathini we-gooseberry, adinga nikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele. Ukunisela kuyimpoqo, okufanele kwenziwe ngokuqinile endaweni yezimpande.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlinzeka isihlahla ngezakhi, ngoba njengoba isivuno sikhula, isidingo sama-gooseberry ezintweni ezahlukahlukene nawo siyakhula.