IKotovnik luhlobo lwezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous ezivela emndenini uYasnotkovye, inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250, zazo ezingaphezulu kuka-80 zitholakala eRussia Federation - ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zezintaba zaseTranscaucasia naseCentral Asia. Le shrub idume ngokufaka iphunga elikhethekile eliheha abamele abomndeni wekati, kanye nezindawo zalo zokuphilisa.
Izinhlobo zama-Cattleman nezinhlobo
Ikati lekati abantu babiza "catnip." Amahlumela awo anganwetshwa ukuphakama ngamasentimitha angama-40-100, abe nobuchopho obumpunga. Amahlamvu we-ovoid-akhombe ngaphezulu abuye abe yi-pubescent. Izimbali zama-inflorescence ezisesimweni samabhulashi amhlophe agudileyo amachashaza amabala amfushane ansomi. Kubo kuphuma iphunga elimnandi elibukhali, elifana nelamula we-ulamula, amakati angathi awekho ngaphansi kukaValerian.
Kwirejista Yombuso kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zalolu hlobo lwe-catnip. Enye yazo catnip basilio, ebonakala ngumbala oyisiyingi, onamagatsha anamabala, amahlamvu angunxantathu ovoid anemiphetho emikhulu enamasheya kanye nephunga elicebile.
Izinkomo zeLemon Ihluka kwabanye ngokuhogela iphunga le-spice elibunjiwe ngokungena okungcolile kwe-mint-geranium nokunambitheka "okushisayo". Imvamisa, ukuphakama kwaso kungama-40-60 cm, kepha ezinye izinkomba zingafinyelela ku-150 cm. Kokubili ama-velvety matte amahlamvu kanye namahlumela nakho kuyi-pubescent, lokhu okugcina kufana nezimbabazane ekwakhekeni kwazo.
Uhla lokusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo lubanzi kakhulu - lusetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe-vermouth esezingeni eliphezulu neziphuzo ezithambile, njengokunambitheka nezinongo, kumakha namakha. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kokulwa nezinambuzane kwe-lemon catnip kawoyela obalulekile ekulweni nesikhunta sekufakazelwe.
Kotovnik Mussini inokukhula okuphansi (hhayi ngaphezu kwama-20 cm) uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Amaqabunga amakha nawo ahlukile - abanzi, futhi awokuqina kwenhliziyo. Umbala we-lavender-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ubonakala ngokuma okwenziwe ngezindebe, kuqoqwe emagatsheni, kuma-inflorescence.
I-hybrid yakhe Uhlu lukaFassen (noma i-catnip hybrid) blooms ende futhi eningi ngombala we-lavender, noma kunjalo, lokhu kungashiwo kuphela ngokutshalwa emabangeni aphakathi naseningizimu. Ukuphakama komuntu fassen omdala kungadlula i-50 cm.
I-catnip ehlukahlukene abahambi be-fassena bephansi amahlamvu mancane, amancanyana, aminyene, nezimbali ezincane zezinhlobo zemibala ye-lilac form.
Cattleman waseSiberia (yena - ikati liqhakaze kakhulu),, eqanjwe ngezindawo zendabuko zokukhula, inemidwebo eqondile engamasentimitha angama-60-100 ngama-pubescence ezinwele ezincane ze-glandular. Amagqabi alolu hlobo lwe-oblong-lanceolate, amazinyo noma i-serrate emaphethelweni. Ama-tassels axegayo we-inflorescence adwetshwe onsomi.
Ikati elinemifino
Kuyisithunzi sezitshalo ezinephunga elimnandi. Izihlahla zaso ezingamasentimitha angama-40 zibonakala zigcwele ivithamini C, i-carotene, usawoti wamaminerali nezinye izinto eziwusizo (ezitholakala ngamaqabunga neziqu ezincane). Ingxenye yomoya inephunga elimnandi kakhulu, kanti nephunga le-lime eliphikelelayo lihlala lapho womile. Amahlamvu asemasha asetshenziswa kabanzi lapho kulungiswa amasaladi, inhlanzi nenyama, izithelo ezidliwayo, ukunambitha itiye, uviniga nokuningi.
Ukubhaliswa kombuso kuqukethe okuhlukahlukene ikati yemifino ye-Catnip ngezimbali ezimhlophe zakha i-whorl yamanga engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu, unxantathu-ovoid awugqinsi, acwebezelayo kancane, amnandi, amaqabunga e-pubescent anombala oluhlaza okotshani.
Cattleman waseHungary 50-120 cm amade ngamahlumela aqinile ama-pubescent esiqongweni futhi amaqabunga e-pubescent aqondile anombala oyinkimbinkimbi wama-inflorescences aqukethe i-calyx eluhlaza okotshani noma onsomi kanye ne-corolla ephuzi obomvana noma opinki noma omhlophe ngaphandle. Kutholakala endle eRussia (engxenyeni yaseYurophu, entshonalanga nasempumalanga yeSiberia), amaCarpathians ase-Ukraine, eCrimea emamadows, emaphethelweni nasemithambekeni evulekile.
Izinkomo ezi-Streaky ezitolo ezimelwe yibanga ikhathuni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Le nhlobonhlobo ibonakala ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuhlala isikhathi eside (ihlobo lonke), lapho ingadi imbozwe ngamakhekhe aminyene wama-inflorescences aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nokhaphethi onamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Ukukhula okuphansi (25 cm) kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kuyivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngempumelelo njengendawo eyisisekelo.
Catman of the Caucasus Ama-bloom angama-60-65 cm amade kakhulu onsomi futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngoMeyi-Agasti. Le yi-hybrid yemvelo ye-catnip enezimbali ezinkulu kanye neMussini, enothile emafutheni abalulekile. Amaqabunga ayo asetshenziswa lapho kulungiswa itiye le-tonic.
Cattleman kukhona izinhlangath Izimbali eziqhakazile ezingama-15-40 cm ngopinki, omhlophe, wezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani. ngoJuni-Septhemba. Ukuhlobisa ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibala, okuthi, kuhlanganiswe nesiqeshana esifushane nefomu elimise umcamelo, kumlethe kuzintandokazi zezingoma zezilayidi ze-Alpine.
Ukutshala Cattleman nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile
Izidingo zokunakekelwa kwe-catnip zehla ukuze zimhlinze ngokushisa kanye nomswakama. Le zitshalo zisezandleni zikwazi ukuhlala kwisiza esisodwa iminyaka eminingi, kepha zingaqhosha kuphela isivuno esiphakeme kakhulu iminyaka emi-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala. Ukubekwa, zombili imibhede nengadi yezimbali kufanelekile.
Ikhefu elide ekuhlinzekeni umswakama akuyona inkinga ye-catnip, njengoba, ngempela, izinguquko zokushisa ezibukhali. Kepha kuhlobene kakhulu nokugcwala kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwanoma ngabe yiziphi izimo kufanele ungagxilili kokunisela kaningi futhi kuningi - ngakho-ke uhlelo lwezimpande luzomane lubole. Ukunisela kungaze kube ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-2 ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ukungabikho kwemvula yemvelo.
Kungcono ukutshala i-catnip on nenhlabathi ekhanyayo, evundile. Indawo kumele isuswe ukhula kahle futhi ikhululwe kaningi ngesizini. Kunconywa futhi ukuyikhipha nge-peat.
Izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka zabelwa ukondla isitshalo: intwasahlobo ngokufakwa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen nekwindla ngamanyolo we-organic.
UMelissa yisitshalo sokwelapha, futhi esilungu lomndeni wakwa-Iasnatkovye, ukhula kalula ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile futhi usetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zendabuko. Iziphakamiso zokutshala nokunakekela lesi sitshalo zingatholakala kule ndatshana.
Ukuthena ikati
Ngaphambi kokufika kukaJulayi, ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, kunconywa ukunciphisa i-catnip. Kuqukethe ukususwa kwama-inflorescence afotiwe, okuzosebenza njengesikhuthazo sokukhula okusha ekupheleni kwehlobo. Kulokhu, umuntu kufanele acabangele ukuzwela okuphezulu kwalesi sitshalo kule nqubo.
I-catnip, esikwe empandeni, ngeke ikwazi ukusinda ebusika, ukusika i-10-15 cm ngaphezu kwezimpande kumnika ithuba elingamaphesenti ama-40 ebusika, kuyilapho ukusika kube ukuphakama okungama-40-50 cm, kuyanda kakhulu - 80%. Ayifakwanga izihlahla namanye amathonya emishini ikwazi ukubamba ubusika kahle ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela.
Cattleman ezikhula kusuka imbewu
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yenziwa kangcono kakhulu enkulisa. Lapho kuvela izithombo ezingama-3-4 ezitshalweni, zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo, zibheka isikhathi esingama-30x30 cm.I-Stratification ayidingeki, ukuhluma kwembewu kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-6 - 20. Izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe ebusika zibonakaliswa izithombo zangaphambili kanye nokuba khona kwezimbali ngonyaka wokuqala, kuyilapho imbewu yazo ingakavuthwa.
Endabeni yokutshala kwentwasahlobo, ikatnip ayivele iqhume ngokushesha, ifinyelela ukukhula okungama-25-35 cm kuphela. Kusukela eminyakeni emibili, zonke izitshalo ziqala inkathi yezimbali ejwayelekile nokunikeza izithelo. Uma ugcina imithetho yokunakekelwa echazwe ngenhla, yonke ikati ezineminyaka engu-2 nengaphezulu izokunika amahlumela angama-7-15 aze afike ku-140 cm.
Ukuzala kwe-Catnip ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla kwenziwa eminyakeni yobudala engama-2-3 ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Ingxenye ngayinye etholakalayo kufanele ibe nezimpande futhi ingabi ngama-5 buds.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
ICatnip ine-immune engajwayelekile futhi imelana kakhulu nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane. Ubuye abalese ezinye (ngokwesibonelo, ama-aphid nezimbungulu), kepha izimvemvane ziyakwazisa ukunambitheka kwephunga le-catnip lephunga ngokubaluleka kwalo, kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye kulimaza isitshalo ngokubeka amaqanda.
Emzabalazweni wokulwa nawo, amakhambi emvelo asiza kakhulu, ngoba amakhemikhali ayesabisa izinyosi ezivunguza impova. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-catnip ayithinteki kunoma yiziphi izifo.
Kotovnik izakhiwo zokwelapha kanye contraindication
Isisekelo sesitshalo se-catnip siqukethe kufika ku-0,0-0.4% kawoyela obalulekile, owakhiwa i-citral (13%), i-geraniol (12%), i-citranellol, i-limonene, i-dipentene, i-tannins nezinye izinto.
Umuthi wendabuko uncoma ukusebenzisa ukumnika amanzi ukwandisa isifiso sokudla, ukwelapha i-anemia, ukuphefumula, i-jaundice, ikhanda kanye nezinkinga zezimpethu. Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle kukhonjisiwe ngezifo ezahlukahlukene zesikhumba.
Ekuvuneni utshani, isikhathi sezimbali kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi siphezulu - udinga ukusika iziqongo ngaphandle kwamahlumela aneligned, bese usuthisa isitshalo ngengxube evamile yengadi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikatnip isitshalo esihle kakhulu soju.
