I-Vriesia iyimbali emangalisayo yangaphakathi yobuhle obungavamile. Lesi sitshalo esikhanyayo kakhulu futhi esihle. Isici saso esivelisayo "feather" emibalabala, i-peduncle ekhanyayo enamabhulokhethi anemibala ehlukahlukene - ophuzi, owolintshi noma obomvu. Ukuhlobisa amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani akubukeka muhle kangako. IVriesia isitshalo esidumile. Ukuze imthokozise ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali zayo eziqhakazile, kuyadingeka ukulandela izincomo ezithile zokunakekela isitshalo.
Nakekela i-vriesia ekhaya
Izimbali
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuvela izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi emaphethelweni e-vriesia. Babuna ngokushesha. Ama-broker abomvu nokhanyayo abomvu awapheli izinyanga ezimbalwa. Amabhuleki omisiwe ayathenwa. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, imbali exotic inezingane.
Isikhathi sezimbali ze-vreezia ezimweni eziningi zenzeka ehlobo. Kufanele futhi ubheke isikhathi sokutshala i -planethi yendlu. Uma i-vriesia ingaqhakaza, ungapheli amandla. Ungashukumisa izimbali. Lokhu akuyona into eyinkimbinkimbi. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza lapho kukhishwa igesi ethylene. Eduzane nobuhle bezindawo ezishisayo, kuyadingeka ukubeka ama-apula ambalwa nobhanana, uwamboze ngesikhwama sepulasitiki noma nge-cap ukuze igesi lingashisi. Kepha uma isitshalo sinakekelwa kahle, akukho lutho oluzodinga ukwenziwa.
Imvamisa, i-vriesia ayiqhakaza uma isendaweni epholile. Lapho ugcina izitshalo zasendlini emakhazeni, izimbali zizobambezeleka noma zingabikho ngokuphelele. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, izingane zizokhula kahle, sibonga ukuthi ubuhle obungajwayelekile bungasakazeka.
Ukushisa
IVriesia isho izitshalo ze-thermophilic. Efanele kakhulu kuye igumbi elifudumele elinokushisa komoya okuhlala njalo. Isitshalo siyozizwa sikhululekile kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo emazingeni okushisa angama-22-26 ° C. Ekwindla nasebusika, ubuhle bezindawo ezishisayo buzoba nokushisa okungu-18-20 ° C. Ukushisa kwehlobo kunomthelela olimazayo kuma-vriesia. Ekushiseni komoya okuphezulu, isitshalo singafa.
Isibani
Phakathi nonyaka, i-vriesia idinga ukukhanya okuningi. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sibekwa kahle efasiteleni laseningizimu. Lapho ihlobo lifika, kungcono ukuyihlela kabusha empumalanga (ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, entshonalanga) iwindi. IVriesia kufanele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amaqabunga azolahlekelwa umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa, iphethini linganyamalala.
IVriesia isitshalo esithela umthunzi. Uma itholakala ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu, kungcono ukuyibeka ngemuva efulethini ukuze inikeze imbali ukukhanya okucashile.
Ukunisela, umswakama
IVriesia akumele iniselwe njalo nje kuphela, kepha futhi ibuye igcine izinga lamanzi eliqhubekayo endaweni ephumayo. Ehlobo, inhlabathi esebhodweni kufanele ihlale inomswakama. Kulokhu, ungakhohlwa ukugcwalisa ukuphuma kwamanzi ngamanzi. Uma i-inflorescence isivele iqala ukukhula, akufanele kube namanzi okuphumayo ukuze angaboli. Isimbali esishisayo ehlobo siniselwa kaningi kathathu ngeviki. Njalo ngezinsuku ezintathu, udinga ukuguqula amanzi endaweni ephumayo, ususe okudala ngesigaxa. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kufanele kuncishiswe. Isitshalo singaniselwa kuphela lapho imboza ingaphezulu yoma, cishe izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Kumazinga okushisa asekamelweni eliphansi, okuphumayo kumele kuhlale kumile. Uma igumbi lifudumele, ungashiya amanzi endaweni ephumayo amahora amaningi ngosuku.
Amanzi okunisela kufanele abe athambile, okushisa kwekamelo. IVriesia imvula efanelekile noma imisele yedoti. Akufanele kube nokungcola kwe-lime, ukuze i-limescale ingahlali emaqabungeni. Uma amanzi ehlala epanini ngemuva kokunisela, kufanele kuthululelwe.
Umswakama ohlala njalo ubaluleke kakhulu e-vriesia. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama odingekayo, imbiza ihlanganiswa ngezingcezu ze-moss noma ithulule amatshe amatshe noma ubumba olumanzi olunwetshiwe epanini. Kubalulekile futhi ukufafaza njalo imbali eshisayo ngamanzi afudumele. Lapho ufafaza, umswakama akufanele uwe phezu kwe-bract. Ebusika, imbiza kufanele igcinwe kude namabhethri ashisayo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-humidification humidification ngaphakathi endlini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
IVriesia ayisebenzi ezitshalweni ezidinga ukuvundiswa njalo. Ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukuqhakaza, kuyaluleka ukuyondla ngomanyolo wama-orchid. Umanyolo akufanele usetshenziselwe umhlabathi, ngoba izimpande azibambi iqhaza ekulweni nezitshalo. Imbali iphathiswe iqabunga noma irosette indlela. Ngemuva kokuthi usuxutshise umanyolo emanzini, fafaza i-vriesia noma uthele umanyolo esitolo.
Ukufakelwa
Ngemuva kokuthenga, isitshalo sezimbali asitshalwa. Izinhlobonhlobo ezincane kumele zenziwe kabusha njalo eminyakeni emi-2 ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Isitshalo esidala sithathwa njalo emva kweminyaka engama-3-5 siphelile. Umhlabathi we-vreezia kufanele ukhululeke, uphefumule. Ukwakheka okuhle kwengqimba yobumba kungenye ingxenye yendawo yokuhlafunwa kwesihlabathi, isihlabathi nomhlaba wasod kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba onamaqabunga. I-moss ekhethiweyo ye-sphagnumm izosiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yengxube yenhlabathi. Ama-visa kufanelekile, amabhodwe angajulile. Ingxenye yesithathu yebhodwe kufanele igcwaliswe ngobumba obunwebekile noma ngamachiphu wezitini ukuze inikeze lesi sitshalo ngamanzi akhona.
Ukuzala
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokusakaza i-vriesia - imbewu nangosizo lwezingane. Indlela yembewu inenkinga kakhulu, idinga imizamo ekhethekile, ayiwubeki njalo umphumela. Ukutshala isitshalo ezimweni zekamelo, kunzima ukuthola imbewu. Asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi lapho uthenga esitolo sezimbali uzothola izinto ezinhle zokutshala. Lapho isakazwa ngembewu, lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukuqhakaza eminyakeni engama-5 ukuya kwengama-10.
Indlela eyamukelekayo yokwandisa i-vriesia izingane noma izinqubo. Ilungele abalimi abasaqala. Njengomthetho, izinqubo zivela ngemuva kwezimbali eziqhakazayo. Izingane ezincane zishoda ngohlelo lwazo lwezimpande. Ukuze zikhule ngokugcwele futhi zikhule, ungazihlukanisi ngokushesha. Uma ubabamba iminyaka engu-1-2, kungcono baba nezimpande. Ubukhulu obufanele bezingane ezitholakalayo okungenani ingxenye yesithathu yokuphakama kwesitshalo somama. Lezi zingane sezinezimpande zazo. Ukuze kudluliselwe izingane, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ingxube yobumba ekhethekile, enezingxenye ezintathu zomhlaba onamaqabunga, ingxenye eyodwa yamagxolo apayini nesihlabathi. Izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa njalo (23-24 ° C) kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Izimo ze-rooting ezinjalo zingadalwa ngokubeka ama-vriesia amancane ku-greenhouse. Futhi, isitshalo singambozwa ngesikhwama sepulasitiki. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kufanele igcinwe amasonto angama-3-4. Ngale ndlela yokukhiqiza kabusha, ubuhle bezindawo ezishisayo buzoqhakaza eminyakeni emi-5.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Isitha esikhulu se-vriesia isihlangu se-bromeliad. Ungasusa izinambuzane eziyingozi ngokusisusa nge-rag ethambile ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela isixazululo sensipho.
Kwezinye izimo, amaqabunga athinteka ukhunta bese ephenduka mnyama. Ukugwema izinkinga, lesi sitshalo sihlelwe kabusha egumbini elinomoya omuhle. Izindawo ezinsundu ezimbalini ezishisayo zibonisa ukushiswa yilanga. Kulokhu, susa imbiza kakhulu ewindini. Amathiphu omile, amnyama avela nomoya owomile ongaphakathi. Futhi uma isitshalo sinamaqabunga aphaphathekile nama-inflorescence - ayinakho ukukhanya okwanele.
Izinhlobo ze-vriesia ezinesithombe
I-Perforated Vriesia (i-Vriesea fenestralis)
Amaqabunga endaweni yokuphuma afinyelela ku-40 cm ubude nama-6-6,5 cm ububanzi, aluhlaza okotshani, anenqwaba yemithambo eluhlaza obumnyama, imichilo eshintshashintshayo futhi emide, ebushelelezi ngaphezulu, i-scaly scray phansi, ibomvu brown phezulu. I-inflorescence ifinyelela ku-50 cm amade nama-9 cm ububanzi. Izimbali ziphuzi; amabhuleki ezindaweni eziluhlaza nezimnyama.
EBrazil Ukubukeka okuhlobisa. Kuhlakulelwe emagumbini okugcina izithombo afudumele.
Chess Vriesia (Vriesea gigantea)
Amaqabunga akwi-rosette (i-goblet ende ende ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba), ama-chestnut amafushane, aqinile, aluhlaza okotshani, anendawo emnyama ekhanyayo ngaphezulu, futhi abomvu-lilac ngezansi. I-inflorescence ipanicle enamagatsha amancane, aze afike ku-2 m ubude (panicle 1-1.2 m ubude.). Ama-petals abanzi, abunjiwe njengensimbi, aphuzi. Ikhula emahlathini emvula aseBrazil. Ukubuka okuhlobisayo. Kuhlakulelwe emagumbini okugcina izithombo afudumele.
I-Vriesia enkulu (i-Vriesea imperialis)
Kushiya kuphuma, kukhulu, kuze kufike ku-1,5 m ubude, ububanzi, ububanzi obuyi-10-12 cm, okuluhlaza okotshani, okubunjiwe phezulu. IPeduncle inamandla kakhulu, embozwe ngamahlamvu. I-inflorescence iphasi elinamagatsha anamanzi; wonke amagatsha ngezimbali eziminyene (kufaka phakathi i-35-40). Izimbali zinkulu, ubude buzi-15-17 cm, bumhlophe qwa; brices red or green. Kutholakala emahlathini emvula aseBrazil.
I-Hieroglyphic Vriesia (i-Vriesea hieroglyphica)
INingizimu Melika I-perennial kufika ku-1m mude. Isiqu esifushane, esingenalutho. Shiny, okuluhlaza okugqamile kushiya kufinyelela ku-75cm ubude kuze kufike ku-8cm ububanzi, ngemivimbo emnyama futhi kuqoqwe irosette ebasal. Izimbali eziphuzi, ezi-tubular.
I-Semi-caudal Vriesia (Vriesea psittacina)
Amaqabunga athambile ngokomugqa, akhonjiswe ngokushesha, anwebekile phansi, aluhlaza ngokuphelele. UPeduncle ubomvu okhanyayo. Izimbali ezikwi-inflorescence azihlelwe kahle; inkomishi ephuzi, luhlaza okotshani we-corolla, amacembe amancane; amabhuleki inqobo nje nge-calyx, obomvu ngezansi, o-orange-ophuzi ngaphezulu. Ihlala emahlathini emvula aseBrazil.
I-Royal Vriesia (i-Vriesea regina)
Izitshalo zikhulu. Amaqabunga okukhona kuphuma mide futhi abanzi, ubude buyi-1-1,2 m ubude nobude obuyi-15-18 cm, aluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza obumnyama, obunesihloko esigoqeke kancane. I-Peduncle 1.7-2 m mude. I-inflorescence - i-panicle ene-branched (i-branching drooping). Izimbali ekuqaleni zimhlophe, kamuva ziphuzi, zinephunga elimnandi; omabhulashini abunjwe ngesikebhe, apinki.
Ikhula emahlathini emvula aseBrazil.
I-Sanders Vriesia (i-Vriesea saundersii)
INingizimu Melika Okungenhla kuze kufike ku-40cm amade. Isiqu esifushane, esingenalutho. Isikhumba esicwebezelayo, esicwebezelayo, esiluhlaza okotshani, esinamaqabunga aqine, anendawo engezansi engaqoqiwe futhi aqoqwe ku-rosette eyisisekelo. Izimbali eziphuzi, ezi-tubular ezizungezwe imishado ephuzi ekhanyayo.
IGreater Vriesia (iVriesea ikhazimula kakhulu)
Ihamba endaweni enkulu yokuphumula, amasentimitha angama-60-80 cm, ububanzi, 8-10 cm ububanzi, luhlaza okotshani, ngemivimbo ebomvu onsundu. I-inflorescence inkulu, ubude bayo bube ngama-70-80 cm; ama-bracts abomvu.
I-Vriesia enhle (iVriesea ikhazimula i-var. Splendens)
Izitshalo eziGrey noma ze-epiphytic. Amaqabunga abanzi kakhulu ama-lanceolate, aluhlaza okotshani, anemivimbo egqoke umbala onsomi obomvu namabala, anezikhonkwane ezibunjiwe phansi. I-inflorescence is spike xiphoid esithambile. Izimbali zihlelwe ngemigqa emibili, ziphuzi; ifaka umbala obomvu obomvu, ocwebezelayo. Ikhula emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo eGuiana.
I-Kilevaya Vriesia (Vriesea carinata Wawra)
Ikhula emahlathini asempumalanga yeBrazil. Isitshalo se-Epiphytic noma emhlabeni. Kushiya ubude obungu-20 cm no-2,5 cm ububanzi kwakha irosette ebunjwe ngethambo, ezinhlangothini zombili zimbozwe isikali esibonakalayo, ulayini obanzi, uluhlaza okotshani obomvana, ngaphandle kwephethini. I-Peduncle efinyelela ku-30 cm ukuphakama, iqonde noma i-drooping, mncane kakhulu; amafushane futhi abanzi nge-notch engunxantathu ku-apex, okugeleza okuphansi kune-axis cranked. Amabhuleki aqondile, vala izembe ngokuqinile, mncane, mncane nge-keel ebukhali, epinki nge-apex ephuzi noma ephuzi nokuluhlaza. Izimbali ziyafafazwa, ezintanjeni ezifushane, ophuzi, oluhlaza phezulu, kufinyelela ku-6 cm ubude. Iqhakaza ngoJuni-Julayi, futhi - ngoNovemba-Disemba.
Ama-nzalo amaningi ayaziwa. Iningi lazo libonakala ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali okungapheli.
I-vriesia ekhazimulayo (i-Vriesia iyaqaqamba)
Isitshalo se-Epiphytic noma se-terrestrial esinezilimi ezimbalwa (ezidwetshiwe, ezibanzi, ezinemiphetho egobile, ekhonjwe noma eyindilinga lapho kufakwa khona; kancane embozwe isikali kuzinhlangothi zombili;) ishiya sibe ngama-20-40 cm ubude, siluhlaza, sihlotshiswe ngemigqa ephuphuthekile (evundlile). Isiqu esise-vriesia sifinyeziwe, sisuka ku-30 siye ku-60 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga akha irosette ebanzi emise okokuqina. Izimbali 2,5-5 cm, ziphuzi, ziqoqwe ngendlela elula spike-like, multicolor inflorescences, zivela ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka kuflethi ebomvu ye-xiphoid. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-vriesia zinezikhathi zezimbali ezinde (kufika ezinyangeni eziningana).
