Ama-aphid (Aphidinea) wazi cishe wonke umlimi. Lincane ngosayizi futhi linemibala eluhlaza, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezinombala ophuzi noma omnyama. I-aphid imele umndeni we-Equidae, futhi emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine zalezi zinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, eYurophu kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane.
Umzimba walesi sinambuzane uthambile futhi ubude bawo busuka kwengxenye yamamilimitha kuya kwababili. Kukhona ama-aphid angenamaphiko futhi angenazimpiko. Kodwa ngokuhlukahluka ngokubukeka nosayizi, zinokufana. Ngakho-ke, izindlela zokubhekana nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwama-aphid ziyefana nezimpawu zomonakalo wesitshalo. Kepha kunezinhlobo zama-aphid ezimila kuphela imbali ethile. Kodwa-ke, kunezinambuzane ezingaphila cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo.
Yini engalimaza ama-aphid wezitshalo
Lezi zinambuzane zidla ujusi, ziyincelisa kusuka ezicutshini ezimbala ezimbali, futhi amahlumela amancane ziba nazo. Esimweni lapho ama-aphid esitshalweni sikhulu kakhulu, khona-ke kungadala ukulimaza okukhulu kuso. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbali engaphakathi ingafiphala kakhulu futhi ife. Umsebenzi owandisiwe walezi zinambuzane eziyingozi ubonwa kuphela esikhathini sentwasahlobo-sasehlobo.
Vele, ungasusa kalula izitshalo zasekhaya kusuka ku-aphid ngokuziphatha ngama-insecticides akhethekile. Kepha kuyingozi ngoba kuyanda ngejubane elikhulu. Ngakho-ke, insikazi endala iyakwazi ukubeka izibungu ezingama-2 izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga. Lezi zinambuzane zingalimaza kakhulu ama-roses asekhaya, i-fuchsias ne-petunias. Kodwa-ke, azihlali ezihlahleni zesundu, ngoba zinamaqabunga alukhuni.
Lapho i-aphid ihlala esitshalweni, khona-ke amaqabunga awo aqala ukuncipha abe ophuzi. Amahlumela avame ukuwa, futhi uma aqhakaza, izimbali zivame ukuba eziphansi.
Futhi, lezi zinambuzane ziyingozi yezimbali zasendlini ngoba zingaba abathwali bezifo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane. Futhi uma ubheka ukuthi ngenxa yama-aphid, izitshalo ziba buthaka kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho, baba cishe bavikeleke kulezi zifo.
Zingenwa kanjani izitshalo?
Ngemuva kokuba i-aphid ingenantambo yokudla (ngomonakalo obalulekile kumbali yokubamba), kwakheka amafomu ayo anamaphiko.
Ezitshalweni ezifuywayo, ama-aphid angavela ngemuva kokukhipha umoya omusha (kuvulandi, engadini, njalonjalo). Futhi, lezi zinambuzane zindiza zingena egumbini ngokusebenzisa iwindi elivulekile, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokungena komoya. Ngemuva kokuthi insikazi enamaphiko ithole imbali engathinteki, ihlala phezu kwayo bese iqala ukuzala ngentshiseko. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi ngisho nesitsha sezimbali esinamakha singaba imbangela yokutheleleka.
Ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi isitshalo siyatheleleka
Lezi zinambuzane ezinqubweni zokuphila zakha into enuka kamnandi. Izintuthwane ziyithanda kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, eduze kwezitshalo ezithinteka ngama-aphid, kunenqwaba yezintuthwane. Kepha izintuthwane aziludli lolu ketshezi, kepha zibandakanyeka ekuvikelweni kwalo nasekuthuthweni (akuvamile) kusuka kwesinye sezimbali kuya kwesinye. Uma ubona izindawo ezinamathela emaqabungeni, khona-ke kufanele uhlolisise lesi simbali ngokucophelela. Bheka ngokucophelela amahlumela amasha namaqabunga ama-aphid kuwo. Khumbula ukuthi uma izintuthwane zivele eduze kwesitshalo, lokhu kufanele kukutshengise ngengozi.
Esimweni lapho amachashazi avela emagqeni aqukethe imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma emhlophe, khona-ke nakanjani kufanele ahlolwe kangcono. Ingilazi ekhulisayo ingakusiza ngalokhu. Uma, phakathi kwezinye izinambuzane, ubona ezinamaphiko, khona-ke yazini ukuthi lesi sitshalo sithintekile kakhulu.
Izindlela zokulawula i-aphid
Kuzoba lula impela ukuqeda ama-aphid ahlala esitshalweni sendlu, kodwa kuphela uma kungazalanga kakhulu.
Esimweni lapho isitshalo esisodwa esinamaqabunga amakhulu sithelelekile, khona-ke izinambuzane zingalawulwa ngomshini. Udinga nje ukususa izinambuzane, bese ugeza amaqabunga ngendwangu efakwe emanzini anosawoti. Uma kukhona amahlumela amancane noma amaqabunga ahlupheke kakhulu, ke kungcono ukuwasika ngokucophelela.
Uma kunezitshalo eziningi zasendlini, zonke zazo ngaphandle kokunye zizodinga ukufafazwa ngesibulala-zinambuzane esikhethekile. Futhi noma, ngokwesibonelo, ama-roses wonke enwetshiwe ngama-aphid, futhi ama-pelargoniums awathintwanga, womabili kufanele afakwa lapho kusetshenzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-aphid angahlala ezitshalweni ezinempilo, ezingalashwa, futhi lapho isenzo sezinambuzane siphela, abuyele kuma-roses futhi.
Izinambuzane ezinjalo zingalawulwa ngenani elikhulu lama-insecticides, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zingakhulisa ukumelana nalezo zamakhemikhali ezazisetshenziswa ngaphambili. Kulokhu, uma ngisho nangemva kokulashwa okubili izinambuzane azikwazi ukubhujiswa ngokuphelele, kufanele usiguqule lesi sinambuzane kwesinye.
Ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-aphid: i-Fitoverm, Neoron, Actellik ne-Intavir. Futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi ulwe nayo ngama-pyrethroids okwenziwa, isibonelo: i-Decis, iKarate, i-Inta-virus neCypermethrin, kanye nabanye. Lezi zimali zinobuthi obuphansi futhi azishintshi.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngama-insecticides, abatshali abanolwazi bayalulekwa ukuba bahlele imbali yokugeza eshisayo. Ngakho-ke, ukulwa kuzophumelela kakhulu, ngoba ususa inani elikhulu lezinambuzane emaqabungeni.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
Esimweni lapho ama-aphid atholakala ngobuningi bezimbali zasekamelweni futhi azikatholakali uketshezi olunamathelayo, izindlela zokuvimbela zingahanjiswa. Okungukuthi:
- Ungaphatha izitshalo nge-infusions eyenziwe kusuka: umhlonyane, ugalikhi, i-sophora, i-celandine, ugwayi, u-anyanisi, amaqabunga utamatisi, i-tansy kanye nama-marigolds.
- Ungasebenzisa ikhambi lensipho elihlanganiswe nenani elincane lomlotha wokufafaza.
- Mboza inhlabathi ngesikhwama se-polyethylene bese ugeza yonke imbali ngesixazululo sensipho eluhlaza ye-potassium.
Ungabhekana kanjani ne-aphid - Video
