I-radermacher ebukekayo inegama layo elidumile elithi "umuthi we-emerald" kwakungeyona ingozi. Lesi sitshalo sikhulu ngokwanele, singokwezinkuni ezinhle kakhulu zangaphakathi. Amahlamvu ezimpaphe acwebezelayo, acwebezelayo futhi amahle kakhulu enza umqhele omuhle ngokumangazayo, njengokungathi usonga yonke indawo ezungezile emkhathini wemfihlakalo nokuthula. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi kulula ukukhulisa i-radermacher, futhi iphendule ekunakekelweni ngesizotha ngokukhula okusheshayo nobuhle obukhanyayo besisindo samahlamvu. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yafika eYurophu engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20, i-radermacher yathola ngokushesha ukuthandwa futhi namuhla ibhekwa njengesinye sezitshalo ezinkulu zasendlini ezinhle kakhulu.
I-Chinese Redermacher (i-Radermachera sinica). © xaviergardensAmamitha angenamoya athambekele emoyeni
Uma ufuna isitshalo esingasidala sodwa esingadala umphumela wokucwila kokuluhlaza okotshani, qamba kabusha umkhathi we "greenhouse" wekona elijabulisayo lehlathi, ukuxhumana nemvelo nezitshalo eziphilayo, mhlawumbe i-radermacher iyisinqumo esihle kunazo zonke (ngisho nangokuqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zezinganekwane nemivini). “Ezimweni zasemkhathini” kuphela ama-fern angaqhudelana nalesi sitshalo, kodwa ngosayizi we-radermacher awedlula kakhulu lawo. Lokhu kungenye yezinkuni ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zangaphakathi ezine-openwork, ezikhanya kalula, kepha ngasikhathi sinye umqhele omkhulu, ongabeka ama-accents aluhlaza angaphakathi endlini. Imfihlo yobuhle beRädermacher ilele ekuhlobiseni kwamaqabunga amahle, amakha amasha agcwalisa yonke indlu ngokuvumelana futhi abonakale sengathi akanakunqunyelwa ezweni langaphandle. Kuliqiniso, lesi sitshalo, ngenxa yobukhulu baso, sithinta isikhala ngandlela thize futhi kufanelekile ukusisebenzisa emakhoneni okusebenza nasezindaweni ezidinga ukwehlukaniswa ngokubona, senziwe sabekwa eceleni.
IRadermachera (Radermachera) imele phakathi kwezindlu zendlu umndeni wakwaBignonius. Njengazo zonke izihlahla nezihlahla phakathi kwazo, i-radermacher nayo imele iSoutheast Asia. Izidlaliso ezithandwayo ze-radermacher kuphela "isihlahla se-emerald" - i-Emerald Tree - asiphelelwa amandla. Lesi sitshalo saziwa nangokuthi i-China Doll ne-Serpent Tree. Emvelweni, lobu buhle obuhlala bufika kumamitha angama-30 futhi bukhula ikakhulu phezulu, kodwa egumbini likhulu kakhulu icwecwe, nokuphakama nobubanzi abacishe balingane. Ingxenye enhle kakhulu ye-radermacher ngokungangabazeki i-cirrus, igqamile, inomthunzi we-emerald ngombala ne-sheen ekhazimulayo ecwebezelayo, amaqabunga amakhulu akhula aze afike ngaphezu kwesigamu semitha ubude futhi aqukethe amapheshana amancane okubonisa angamamaki okufika ku-4 cm. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, i-radermacher ayiqhakaza , kepha emvelweni kukhiqiza izinsimbi ezinhle - izimbali ezinkulu ezinombala ophuzi onsomi, eziqhakaza ebusuku futhi zikhiphe iphunga elimnandi lama-clove.
Kwezinhlobo zemvelo eziyishumi nambili, i-radermacher isebenzisa eyodwa kuphela kusiko lamagumbi. Radermacher Chinese (Radermachera sinica) - isihlahlana esihlala siluhlaza esicwebezelwe, esibonakala ngobukhulu obukhulu bomqhele ovulekile kuneziqhwaga ezikanye nazo ngokwemvelo. I-Radermacher ikhula ibe ngu-1.5-2 m, ihlukaniswa ngesivinini sayo sokuthuthuka, isiqu esinamandla sesiqu esivela kuso kanye isisekelo. Amaqabunga ale radermacher ayinkimbinkimbi, ephindwe kabili noma kathathu, akhula afike ku-45-50 cm ubude futhi abukeke ngama-lobes amnandi ama-lanceolate, ahlanganiswe emaphethelweni, acwebezelayo aluhlaza futhi aluhlaza. Namuhla, kanye ne-raderacher yasendulo, izinhlobonhlobo ze- “Kaprima” zithandwa kakhulu, zihlanganisa okuluhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okotshani futhi kubukeka kuyabukeka kakhulu.
URaddermacher uthathwa kufanelekile njengesinye sezitshalo zasendlini ezinkulu ezingathobeki kakhulu. Le mihleko idinga ukulawulwa kokuswakama komhlaba ongaphansi komhlaba, kepha uma kungenjalo ayinciphisi ngokuphelele futhi ivumelana nezimo ezijwayelekile zekamelo. URadermacher akahlushwa ukuphuthelwa isikhathi esisodwa ekunakekelweni, kepha kudinga indlela ejwayelekile nenhlelayo yokukhula. Lesi sitshalo sigcina umphumela waso wokuhlobisa unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kokungafani, isigaba esishisayo asidingi ukwakhiwa kwanoma yiziphi izimo ezikhethekile. Akubona kuphela abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi kuphela abazokwazi ukukhulisa i-radermacher, kodwa futhi nakubaqalayo abafuna ukuphinda baqoqe iqoqo labo ngesitshalo esikhulu. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukukhetha ibhodwe eliqhakaze kakhulu le-radermacher (lesi sitshalo asesabi ngisho namaphethini nezimbali ezixubile kakhulu) futhi sinikeze ukunakekelwa ngesizotha.
I-Chinese Redermacher (i-Radermachera sinica). © Ukulala ChanUkunakekela i-radermacher ekhaya
Isibani
Umuthi we-emerald ungowezitshalo zangaphakathi endlini. Amahlamvu aluhlaza acwebezelayo walesi siporho esaba ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, abashiye bashiswe. Kodwa kusuka kunombolo yezindawo ezisakazekile, ibekwa ngezindawo zombili ezikhanyayo ne-shading elula. Amawindi asempumalanga nasentshonalanga oheleza noma izindawo ezingaphakathi eduzane namafasitela aseningizimu, alingana nalawo asempumalanga-nentshonalanga ngokuqina okukhulu, kubhekwa njengombuso ofanele kakhulu wokulawula i-radermacher. Emthunzini, izitshalo ziyeluleka, amahlumela aba ngokungathandeki ngokungathandeki, ubuhle bamaqabunga buyalahleka. Kepha uma unganaki ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhula ngohlobo lwe-liana, ungabeka ngokuphepha isithonjana esisezingeni elithile lanoma yikuphi ukuqina. Ngaphakathi kohlaka lokukhanya kuya ezindaweni zomthunzi oyingxenye, ungahlola i-radermacher encane ngokuzama ukwehlisa ukukhanya futhi uqaphele ukuthi isitshalo sikhula kanjani, ugxile ekukhetheni indawo ngokuyinhloko ekuhlobiseni umqhele nezinguquko zawo.
Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-radermacher inikeze ukulungiswa kokukhanyisa okuhambisana nokuncishiswa kwayo kwesizini. Ukusuka maphakathi nekwindla kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, kungcono ukuthi i-radermacher inikeze indawo elula ngokukhamba kwezitshalo ngisho nasezindaweni ezinelanga. Ukuphindisela endaweni ekhanyiselwe ngokwengeziwe kungathathelwa indawo ngokukhanyisa okufakwayo.
Enye yama-nuances abalulekile wokukhulisa leli siko lekamelo yisidingo sokubheka ukuncika okukhanyayo kwe-radermacher. Izitshalo zidinga ukushintshwa njalo maqondana nomthombo wokukhanya ukuze umqhele ukhule ngokulinganayo. Ukuguqula kubaluleke kakhulu kumasiko amasha lapho amagatsha amakhulu akha khona.
I-Chinese Redermacher (i-Radermachera sinica). © safeUkushisa okunethezekayo
Kulula ukukhetha izinga lokushisa lomoya elinethezekile ku-radermacher. Lesi sihlahla sendabuko sizizwa sihle kumabanga "wekamelo" ajwayelekile kumuntu ebusika nasehlobo. Iphuzu eliphansi lokuhlukumeza lesi sitshalo se-thermophilic ngama-degree angu-13 ebusika kanye nama-degree angu-18 ehlobo. Umgibeli ongaphansi kwe-10 degrees umgibeli ngeke ame nhlobo, kuze kufike ku-13 degrees kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kwamaqabunga okuyisimanga nokuyingxenye. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sizwa sikhulu ebangeni ukusuka kuma-20 kuye kwangama-25 degrees Celsius; ebusika, izinga lokushisa lama-degrees angama-18- 21 lilungele kakhulu i-radermacher. Akudingekile ukunikeza ukwehla kobusika bokushisa. Uma i-radermacher izokuba sendaweni ezinzile enomqondo wokushisa womoya ongama-20 kuye kwangama-25 degrees unyaka wonke, ukuheha umqhele wayo ngeke kuhlupheke kulokhu.
I-Radermacher ingeyezitshalo zasendlini, ezithanda kakhulu umoya omusha. Igumbi elimi kulo lingangena umoya kaningi njengoba lifisa. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo siphendula kahle emazingeni okushisa ngokweqile. Kepha lesi sihlahla esinamaqabunga aphakeme kakhulu ezinsikazi asithandi okotshani, kungcono ukuvikela umqhele kuzo. Ehlobo, i-radermacher akufanele ifakwe engadini, kepha izoba ntofontofo emphemeni noma ithala.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Izidingo zokunisela ze-radermacher zingabizwa njengokujwayelekile ezitshalweni eziningi zasendlini. Lesi sitshalo asikuthandi ukomiswa okuphelele kokhilimu obumba, noma ukukhukhumeza ngokweqile. Lapho umswakama we-substrate uzinza kakhudlwana, uyoba muhle ngokwedlulele futhi nezinkinga ezincane ozoba nazo ngokuwukhulisa. Inhlabathi engaphakathi ebhodweni kufanele ihlale inomswakama omncane, kepha kungabe kusaba khona. Inkomba yobuningi bezinqubo yikomiswa kwesendlalelo esingaphezulu sombhalo ongaphansi. Ehlobo, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngokushesha lapho ungqimba ophezulu (amasentimitha) womile wenhlabathi. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukulinda ezinye izinsuku eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokuba i-prosharka ephezulu isomile.
Kuma-radermacher, unyaka wonke basebenzisa amanzi emazingeni okushisa afanayo nawomoya egumbini. Yena, ngokuqondene nazo zonke izitshalo zangaphakathi zokuhlobisa amahlamvu, kufanele abe uthambile futhi axazululwe.
Naphezu kwemvelaphi yabo yase-Asia, i-radermacher yalungiselela abanikazi bayo ukumangala okuhle ngezidingo zomswakama. Lezi zitshalo zibukeka zihle kakhulu uma lezi zinkomba zidlula ama-50%. Kepha umoya owomile we-radermacher awubi kangako, awunawo amathiphu amaqabunga athambekele ekubeni nsundu futhi umbala awuphelelwa. Kwisitjalo, asikho isidingo sokufudumeza umoya ngokuhlelekile. UWoody naye uzizwa emuhle ezimweni ezijwayelekile zekamelweni, ngenkathi ukuze kulondolozwe ubuhle kwanele ukufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile izitshalo eziluhlaza kusuka kwizibhamu zokufafaza ezincane, futhi futhi ungakhohlwa ngesidingo sokususa amaqabunga othuli oluqoqwe ngokugezela okulula. Kwizitshalo zokufafaza, kanye nokugeza, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise amanzi kuphela endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni, hhayi kubanda futhi ungafudumali.
I-Chinese Redermacher (i-Radermachera sinica). © cqcsmyUmanyolo weRadermacher
Umanyolo we-radermacher wethulwa ngesikhathi sendabuko kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba, lapho izitshalo zisesigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela namaqabunga. Kulesi sitshalo, ukufaka umquba ebusika akunconywa (ngaphandle kwezitshalo ezingathathelwa indawo iminyaka eminingana futhi okudingekile ngaso ukubuyisela izinga lezakhi enhlabathini, ngokuqhubeka nokugqoka okuphezulu kanye ngenyanga ngisho nasebusika). Imvamisa efanelekile yokuphakelwa isikhathi 1 emavikini ama-2.
Ukuze i-radermaker isebenzise izingxube zomanyolo zokuhlobisa nezitshalo ezinqumayo, ubheka umthamo onconywe ngumenzi.
Izihlahla
Ngemuva kokufaka ukufiphaza umqhele futhi unqande ukuphakama kwesitshalo, uma ufisa, ungancipha izihloko zezithombo. Umgibeli akadingi ukwakhiwa okugcwele okugcwele, ngoba ngokwemvelo unomqhele omuhle futhi omnyama.
Transplant kanye substrate
Inhlabathi evundile evulekile kuphela enesakhiwo esinzima sekhwalithi ephezulu ilungele i-radermacher. Kulesi sitshalo, ungasebenzisa zombili izingcezu zomhlaba wonke ezithengiwe, kanye namagatshana akhethekile wezitshalo ezingamahlamvu zokuhlobisa. Lapho uhlanganisa le ngxube ngokwakho engxenyeni evamile yenhlabathi ye-turf, i-humus, i-peat, engeza ingxenye yenhlabathi enamaqabunga kanye nengxenye yengxenye yesihlabathi esihlanganayo.
Ukudluliselwa kwenziwa ngonyaka kuphela esemncane. Ukudluliselwa kwabadala esitsheni esisha kuphela ngemuva kokuthi izimpande sezilinganiswe ngokuphelele i-substrate futhi ziqala ukukhasa ziphuma emigodini. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu intwasahlobo, kepha bahlala bagxile esimweni ngesitshalo esithile. Imvamisa, imvamisa yezinqubo imayelana nesikhathi esingu-1 ngeminyaka engu-2-3. Lapho esefinyelele umthamo omkhulu wamabhodwe, ama-rhizomes wesitshalo angasika ukuze anciphise umthamo wawo (kepha kungcono ukugcina isigaxa sobumba siphelele ngangokunokwenzeka). Lapho udlulisa i-radermacher, ukujula kwesitshalo kuhlala kufana, futhi ungqimba oluphakathi noma oluphezulu luhlala lubekwa ezansi ethangini.
I-Chinese Redermacher (i-Radermachera sinica). © NH1976Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Radermacher ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inkohliso engahlaseli kakhulu yangaphakathi. AmaMebubugs kanye nesicabucabu sithanda ukuhlalela imiqhele emikhulu. Esibonelweni sokuqala sokulimala kwezinambuzane, ikakhulukazi esisebenza nomoya omile ngokwedlulele, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngokushesha kuqale ukulwa nama-insecticides. Ngasikhathi sinye, izivivinyo ezijwayelekile zizokuvumela ukuthi ubone izinambuzane ezisekuqaleni kakhulu, ngoba ama-aphid, izikali, izibungu zesicabucabu ezivela ku-radermacher kuholela ekuphuzi okusheshayo kwamaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane, okwenza kube lula ukwahlulela ukubukeka kwezinkinga.
Kodwa izifo, ngaphandle kokubola ngesikhathi sokumanzi, azitholakali esihlahleni se-emerald.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo ezivamile:
- ukuwa nokuphuzi kwamaqabunga ngokufaka umithunzi ngokweqile;
- amaqabunga aba athambile, aqine, alahlekelwe lukhuni, abe mnyama noma abe mnyama kakhulu ngesomiso noma nge-overlog ye-water ngokweqile;
- amahlumela aluliwe ekukhanyeni okuphansi;
- amathiphu amaqabunga omile ngaphansi kokukhanya ngokweqile noma emoyeni owomile ngokweqile ngokuhlanganiswa nomswakama onganele we-substrate;
- isitshalo sikhipha amaqabunga amancane kakhulu futhi abuthuntu ngokudla okunganele noma emthunzini;
- Amahlumela abuthakathaka, acwengekileyo akhula ngomanyolo omncane kakhulu.
I-Chinese Redermacher (i-Radermachera sinica). © Nathan StohlmannUkusakazwa kwesihlahla se-Emerald
Lesi siko alinakubalwa njengesitshalo esilula kunazo zonke ukuvela kabusha. Kepha njengoba zombili izindlela zokusungula nezindlela zembewu zitholakala kuye, ungathola isizukulwane esisha sezitshalo ekhaya uma ufisa.
Imbewu yohlobo lwe-radermacher ayitholakali ngokuthengisa, ayivuthwa ezimweni zasekamelweni ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuqhakaza. Kepha uma ukwazile ukuzithola, zihlwanyele ezingxenyeni ezingatheni ezikhanyayo, uzimboze ngengilazi noma ngefilimu futhi unikeze ukukhanya okuhle ngaphezu kokushisa komoya ngaphezulu kwama-degree Celsius. Ngomswakama ozinzile, amahlumela anobungani azovela ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Zitshalwa kangcono ngaphandle kokufakelwa izinsuku eziyi-15 ukuya kwezingu-20, emva kwalokho zingatshalwa ezitsheni ngazinye.
Izimbambo ezivela ezitshalweni zingasuswa engxenyeni ebabayo yamahlumela ngoMeyi-Juni, izinyanga zokukhula okukhulu kakhulu. Ama-cutic eluhlaza apical acishe abe ngu-10 cm ubude amiswe kahle engxube ye-peat nesihlabathi noma esihlabathini esihlanzekile ngaphansi kwanoma iyiphi ikhava. Isimo esiyisisekelo se-rooting ukufafaza njalo ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama ozinzile ongaphansi komhlaba, umoya omncane kanye nokugcina izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kwama-22 degrees Celsius.
Ingasakazwa yi-radermacher kanye ne-layering. Izimbambo ezingaba yi-1-2 cm ubude zenziwe ngeziqu zezitshalo.Ukusika okusikiwe nge-moss enomswakama noma substrate, ukubeka i-foil, ifilimu noma i-polyethylene ngaphezulu futhi kugcinwe umswakama ongaphansi, ungalinda izimpande zivele. Kepha kwi-radermacher kubalulekile ukuthi ungagijimisi ukusika amagatsha, kodwa ulinde umzuzu lapho izimpande zigcwalisa ngokuphelele inhlama ye-moss noma i-substrate. Ngemuva kokubhula, amahlumela we-radermacher ahlukaniswa nesitshalo somama futhi atshalwe ezitsheni ngazinye.
