Feijoa

Abaningi bayabheka feijoa izithelo ezihlukile ziyefana, isibonelo, kiwi, uphayinaphu noma ubhanana. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo kudala sakhula njengesitshalo. Futhi lokhu akwenziwa kuphela ngabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi olunzulu ngemuva kwabo, kodwa futhi nangabaqalayo. Futhi ngisho nokucabanga ngayo yonke i-exoticism yayo, i-feijoa ekhulayo ilula kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, njengelamula noma ihalananda.

Feijoa, kuyini?

Yini i-feijoa? Endle, lesi sitshalo sitholakala eNingizimu Melika. Ngakho-ke, yaqala ukutholwa eBrazil ngabaseYurophu. Namuhla sikhula eCaucasus, eAzerbaijan, eCrimea, eTurkmenistan, njll. Lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi i-Akka Sellova (Zellova).

Izithelo ze-Feijoa ziwusizo olukhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha izifo ze-yegilo, kanye ne-atherosclerosis. Yilokho kuphela, ngoba aqukethe inani elikhulu le-iodine.

Ukunambitheka kwe-feijoa kunokungajwayelekile. Ifana nama-gooseberry, ama-sitrobheli nophayinaphu, ngakho-ke uma ubadle bonke bendawonye. Kepha umuntu ngamunye ubona ukunambitheka kwalezi zithelo ezihlukile ngendlela yazo. Uma isitshalo sinakekelwa kahle, khona-ke lapho sesiba umuntu mdala, ungase ukwazi ukuthola amakhilogremu ambalwa ezithelo ngonyaka ngamunye nangaphezulu. IMytle iyisihlobo esiseduzane kakhulu se-feijoa, nayo engakhula ekhaya.

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya

Imodi yokushisa

Abalimi abaningi bathi ebusika lesi sitshalo kudingeka sinikeze ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwama-degrees ayi-12-16. Okuyiqiniso impela, ngoba i-feijoa inesikhathi sokuphumula ngalesi sikhathi. Futhi kunombono wokuthi lesi sitshalo sizokwazi ukukhula ngokugcwele futhi sithuthukise uma ehlobo izinga lokushisa elisekamelweni elikuyo lingaphakathi kwamadigri angama-18-20. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Uma lesi sitshalo siniselwa kahle futhi siswakanyiswa, siyozizwa sihle kakhulu ngisho nasekushiseni okungama-degree angama-30. Kepha kungcono uma kungenzeka ukuvikela ukufudumeza komoya egumbini ukuze kufinyelele ezingeni elingaka. Futhi ehlobo, i-feijoa inconyelwa ukuba idluliselwe emgwaqweni noma kuvulandi.

Isibani

Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya kakhulu ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo yaso lapho sizokwanela khona. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imisebe eqondile yelanga elishisayo lasehlobo, ibekezelela kabi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele usifihle isitshalo kubo. Esimweni lapho kunokukhanya okuncane kakhulu kwemvelo egumbini, ungasebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent ukugqamisa.

Ungawaphuzisa kanjani, uwondle futhi uwafinyeze ngezici zokuthambisa

I-Feijoa kufanele iniselwe kaningi futhi kaningi ngokwanele, kepha lokhu kuphela esikhathini sentwasahlobo-sasehlobo. Ngesikhathi sokushisa ebusika, ukuthambisa kufanele kuncishiswe kakhulu.

Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukugqoka okuphezulu okuhlelekile. Futhi udinga uhla oluphelele lomanyolo. Kuliqiniso, ungasebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ukondla, kepha kungcono ukuhlukanisa isakhi sokufaka umanyolo ngesakhi (phosphorus, nitrogen ne-potassium fertilizer). Kufanele ondliwe isitshalo ngenye indlela ngamaviki ambalwa.

Isibonelo:

Njengomanyolo we-nitrogen, ungasebenzisa amaconsi ezinyoni, okuyiwo okuzoba yi-1: 15, noma ungathatha i-mullein (bese kuthi ukuqina kwawo kube yi-1: 10).
I-Superphosphate ingasetjenziswa njengomanyolo we-phosphate. Lokhu, 1 tsp. le nto ithelwa ku-1 litre. amanzi asanda kubiliswa. Ngemuva kokuthi isixazululo sifudumale, ilitha lamanzi abilisiwe lithululelwa kuwo.
U-Wood ash uphelele njengomanyolo we-potash. Lokhu, 1 tbsp. l umlotha oxutshwe nelitha eli-1. amanzi bese uvumela ikhambi ukukunikeza izinsuku ezingama-7.

Kuyadingeka ukondla isitshalo kuphela ngemuva kokuniselwa.

Esimweni lapho egumbini elise-feijoa kunomswakama ophansi, inqubo yokuthambisa (ukufafaza) yenziwa kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ebandayo, lapho isitshalo singabusika, kodwa sisendlini efudumele. Uma lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa emoyeni omusha ehlobo, ungasifafaza kuphela uma kunesidingo, noma ngokubona kwakho. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, ukufafaza kuphela kusiza lesi sitshalo.

Ungashintsha kanjani

Ukudlulisa i-feijoa akuyona into elula kangako. Iqiniso ngukuthi amagatsha awo athambile ngendlela emangalisayo futhi angaqhamuka kunoma yikuphi ukuthinta okungathandeki. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi kulezo zitshalo ezindala futhi ezinamagatsha amaningi.

Izitshalo ezisencane kufanele zithathelwe indawo kanye ngonyaka, entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuba isikhulile, noma kunalokho, ifinyelela eminyakeni emithathu yobudala, ingatshalwa kabusha njalo eminyakeni embalwa (eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3).

Lapho ufaka okunye esikhundleni, akudingekile ukususa ngokuphelele inhlabathi endala futhi uhlanze uhlelo lwezimpande. Ungakwenza kalula i-transshipment elula. Kodwa-ke, uma i-substrate ihlatshwa noma isitshalo sinesifo, khona-ke ukuhlanza izimpande kuyodingeka. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-feijoa, musa ukumba ngokweqile enhlabathini.

Okufanelekela kakhulu ukufakelwa ingxube yodaka equkethe umhlaba wamaqabunga nosod, i-peat, isihlabathi ne-humus, okufanele ixutshwe ngokulingana okulinganayo.

Izici Zokuphindaphindeka

Ukuze usakaze lesi sitshalo esihlukile, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, imvamisa imila kusuka kumbewu noma ikhuliswe ngemisiko. Kodwa-ke, ikhona enye indlela evame ukukhohlwa. I-Feijoa ingasatshalaliswa ihlumela lempande futhi lokhu kungenziwa kalula nje. Kungcono ukwenza inqubo enjalo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Konke lokhu, ngoba lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngemuva kwesikhathi esiningi, sakha amahlumela amaningi ezimpande, abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi abacebisa ukusisusa. Futhi ungakwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Izinto zokutshala zingatholakala ngokunqamula ngokucophelela ukukhula kwesitshalo somama.

Ukusakazwa ngokusika

Okunzima kakhulu kule ndlela yokuzala ukufuna izinto zokutshala, ngaphandle kokuthi, vele, unesitshalo se-uterine. Kepha okunye, le nqubo yokuxhunyelelwa ngeke ibe nzima kuwe.

Ngakho-ke, isiqu kufanele silinganiswe ngokweqile, futhi ubude bufinyelele kusuka ku-8 kuya ku-10 amasentimitha. Izimbambo ezithathwe ezingxenyeni eziphakathi zomqhele zizothuthukiswa futhi ziqine. Nakanjani wonke amaqabunga kufanele asuswe, ngaphandle kwalapho kubhangiswa khona phezulu.

Ingxube yesihlabathi (i-coarse-grained) ne-humus, ethathwe kwisilinganiso esingu-1: 1, ilungele ukutshala izithombo. Ungakhohlwa ukufaka inzalo ngale nhlanganisela yobumba ngaphambi kokuba wehle. Lapho utshala, kungu-1/3 kuphela wezinsika okufanele zikhuphuke ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Futhi ukuze kuthathwe izimpande kangcono kakhulu, ukutshala kwenziwa ngethambeka elikhulu kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokutshala isiqu, kunconywa ukuba usilungiselele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kufakwe kwikhambi le-ejenti evuselela ukukhula kwezimpande (isibonelo, i-heteroauxin, i-rootin, njll.) Futhi lapho kufanele kube amahora angama-16 kuye kwangama-17. Ngemuva kokutshala nalesi sixazululo, ungasinisela isitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemuva kokutshala, isiqu kufanele simbozwe nge-cap evela esikhwameni sepulasitiki noma embizeni yengilazi.

Izilimo zenziwa kuphela ekwindla, lapho isitshalo siyeka ukukhula. Ngoba kukhona ama-nuances ambalwa angaba nzima ukusula ama-cuttings.

Ukukhanya okuncane. UFeijoa uthanda ukukhanya kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho uzodinga isibani se-backlight.
Ngidinga ngempela umswakama ophezulu, ngaphakathi kwe-90%. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka, kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuthambisa isiqu ngamanzi afudumele, ahleliwe usebenzisa isibhamu sokufafaza.
Isitshalo sizodinga ukuhlinzeka ukushisa komoya okuphezulu. I-Rooting yenzeka kahle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa ukusuka kuma-26 kuya kuma-28 degrees.

Njengomthetho, ukubamba kwezimpawu kwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto ama-4. Kepha kwezinye izikhathi, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-8. Isitshalo esikhule kusuka kusikiwe, uma sinakekelwa kahle, sithela izithelo zokuqala ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine wokuphila.

Ungasakaza kanjani ngembewu

Kungenzeka ukukhulisa i-feijoa kusuka kwimbewu, kepha le yinqubo ende futhi enzima. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala udinga ukuthola imbewu yekhwalithi. Into ekhona ukuthi imbewu emisha kuphela engaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala efanelekile ukuhlwanyelwa. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuqoqa ngokwakho kusuka kwisithelo se-feijoa esivuthiwe (hhayi ngaphezulu). Ngemuva kwalokhu, imbewu kufanele igezwe futhi yomiswe izinsuku ezinhlanu.

Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukulungiselela ingxube yobumba yokutshala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uhlanganise isihlabathi, umhlabathi wephepha, kanye ne-peat ngesilinganiso se-1: 2: 2. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe bese ifafazwa phezulu ngenhlanganisela yomhlaba efanayo (ubukhulu bokungenhla okungaphezulu kufanele kube cishe isigamu sentimitha).

Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela. Iqiniso ngukuthi kunengozi yokugeza imbewu, noma okuphambene nalokho, ukuyenze ijule, okuthi noma kunjalo kungavunyelwa. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale umboze inhlabathi ngephepha elikhethekile lokuhlunga (ungalifaka ithawula ngethawula), bese uyalinisela. Futhi kungcono ukunisela ngokusebenzisa isifafaza.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ngoFebhuwari, kodwa kungenzeka futhi ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo (kukhona labo abahlwanyele imbewu ngempumelelo ehlobo impela). Uma imbewu ihlwanyelwa ebusika, khona-ke izithombo zizovela ngemuva kwamaviki amane. Futhi lezo ezihlwanyelwe ngenkathi efudumele ziyohluma cishe amasonto ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, isivuno sokuqala kusuka ezitshalweni ezinjalo awukwazi ukuqoqa akukho ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-5 noma engu-6.

Izinambuzane

Isihlangu samanga esinsundu. Ungasusa lesi sinambuzane usebenzisa i-karbofos. Amagremu ayisi-5 alesi sidakamizwa afakwa ku-1 litre. amanzi. Isitshalo kumele siphathwe okungenani kabili ngekhefu lezinsuku eziyi-7.

Isicabucabu esibomvu. Uma ufafaza i-feijoa kaningi futhi ugcina umswakama ophezulu, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi lolu phawu ngeke luqale.

Amaphuzu abalulekile ekukhuleni

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokukhulisa i-feijoa ekhaya, kuzodingeka wazi ama-nuances abalulekile azokusiza ukugwema amaphutha angenakulungiswa.

Okokuqala, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-feijoa, lapho sezikhulile endlini, ezingakujabulisa ngesivuno. Iqiniso ngukuthi kulokhu kufanele lesi sitshalo sibe nokuzikhipha izitshalo. Uma kungenjalo, kuzofanela ukhule kube kanyekanye (ukuthola impova). Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga, kufanele ukhethe i-feijoa self-pollinating. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi: Ubugebengu bokuqala baseCrimea, uKulizh, kanye nephunga leNikitsky.

Okwesibili, uma ufuna ukuqoqa isivuno esihle esitshalweni, kuzodingeka unganaki ukubukeka kwawo. Kulokhu, ukuthenwa kumane kubekwe kuye. Yilokho kuphela, ngoba izimbali zivela emagatsheni aseceleni, futhi ngenxa yokuthena, inani labo lingancishiswa kakhulu. I-Feijoa kufanele inqunywe kanye kuphela. Lapho isitshalo sikhula sibe amasentimitha angama-20-30, kuyadingeka-ke ukusisika sibe yingxenye 1/3. Lokhu kusiza ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagatsha wamathambo we-lateral. Lapho-ke ungathinta izingqimba kuphela.