Ungawondla kanjani ama-plums entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngemuva kokuvunwa. Kunini lapho kungcono ukondla ama-plums

Yini umanyolo okudingeka ukondla ama-plums ekwindla nasentwasahlobo

Ukulima insimu enezihlahla zezithelo kudinga umzamo othile. Zonke izihlahla, kufaka phakathi iplamu, zidinga ukuniselwa, ziniselwe ngesikhathi, kuzothukululwa inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nesicelo somanyolo ojwayelekile sizodingeka. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola izitshalo ezinempilo ezinikeza ukuvuna okukhulu unyaka nonyaka. Umanyolo wepulamu kufanele usetshenziswe kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula: entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Ungafunda ngakho konke ngemininingwane kusuka endatshaneni.

Ungayondla kanjani iplamu lapho utshala

Njengabaningi abamele izihlahla zezithelo, iplamu ikhula kangcono emhlabathini wenhlabathi obumbekayo nobumba, kepha ucetshiswe ngezinto ezinamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo. Ukuthuthuka okugcwele nokukhula, ukuqhakaza okuningana kuqhutshwa ngenani elanele lezinto enhlabathini ezinjenge-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ne-magnesium. Into yokugcina ibaluleke kakhulu kuma-plums, futhi ukugqoka okungcono kakhulu yi-kalimagnesia.

Ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kwethulwa lapho sekutshala izithombo:

Phansi kwe-fossa yokutshala, sibeka umcamelo wezakhi oqukethe inhlanganisela yenhlabathi yengadi, i-humus ne-peat, engeza amagobolondo amaqanda aqothulwe kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali (superphosphate 600 g, potassium sulfate 300 g ne-urea 2 tbsp).
Yonke imanyolo ixubene kahle nenhlabathi engadini ukuze kungabangi ukushiswa kwezimpande lapho kutshalwa.

Ukusabela kwe-asidi kwenhlabathi kuhlukaniswe ukuthi kukhipha, ngakho-ke engeza ufulawa we-dolomite noma ulamula engadini njengedexidant emgodini wokutshala. Ngemuva kokutshala, mulch ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngesendlalelo sezinto eziphilayo (umquba noma umswakama) okungenani amasentimitha ayi-5. Lokhu kudla kufanele kube nezithombo kuze kube unyaka olandelayo.

Ungayondla kanjani iplamu encane

Ungayondla kanjani i-young plum maelekezo

Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukondla ukutshala okuncane kwama-plums entwasahlobo ngokufafaza ngamaqabunga.

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo fafaza ngomanyolo weNitrogen. Isixazululo se-urea (urea) kufanelekile: kumalitha ama-5 wamanzi, hluza isipuni somanyolo bese ufafaza amagatsha nesiqu somuthi kuze kube ukuqhakaza kuvulekile. Ukuphathwa okunjalo ngesixazululo esigaxekile kuzovikela amapulangwe ezifweni eziningi ezithathelwanayo, kanye nokubambezeleka ukuqunjelwa kwezinso, okubaluleke kakhulu entwasahlobo ebandayo enamafrimu abuyela emuva.

Ehlobo (ekugcineni kwezimbali izihlahla, cishe eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaJuni) zifeza okokugqokwa kwesibili okuphezulu ngendlela esefoliar. Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, hlanganisa u-30 g we-nitrophoska (2 wezipuni) bese ufafaza izihlahla.

Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ngo-Agasti, kubalulekile ukwenza ukufakwa kokugcina kwezihlahla ezincane. Silungiselela ikhambi lezakhi ezilandelayo:

Kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi uzodinga izipuni ezi-2 ze-superphosphate, 1 isipuni se-potassium sulfate, kanye nengilazi yomlotha wezinkuni, hlanganisa kahle.
Faka okokugqoka okuphezulu ngokunisela ngaphansi kwempande, uchithe amalitha ama-5 wesisombululo sesitshalo ngasinye.

Ungayondla kanjani kahle iplamu yabantu abadala

Izihlahla zabantu abadala izithelo zidinga ukudla okuhlukile. Uhlobo lokudla kanye nomthamo kuhlukile.

Ungondla kanjani ama-plums entwasahlobo

Ukondla kokuqala kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Lungiselela ikhambi lezakhi:

Ngamalitha ayi-10 sithatha izipuni ezi-2 ze-potassium sulfate ne-urea.
Esihlahleni ngasinye sisebenzisa amalitha angama-20 womanyolo, sithela eceleni komngcele wesiyingi sesiqu, emuva kude nesiqu okungenani isigamu semitha.

Okokuqala, khulula inhlabathi embuthanweni oseduze bese uyithululela ngamanzi ajwayelekile, bese uyihlanganisa (ngale ndlela izakhamzimba zimunca kangcono).

Phinda uvundise inhlabathi izodingeka esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Ilungiselela isisombululo:

Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi sincibilikisa u-2 tbsp we-urea no-3 tbsp we-nitroammophos.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlahla ngasinye kungamalitha angama-30 wesisombululo. Sifaka ukugqoka okuphezulu njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Isikhathi sokondla iplamu ekwindla

Ungawondla kanjani amaplamu ngemuva kokuvuna ngo-Agasti nangoSepthemba

Ngemuva kokuvunwa uthele ingxube enempilo ngaphansi kwezihlahla:

Sigcwalisa ibhakede ngenani lamalitha ayi-10 ngamanzi, thela i-3 tbsp superphosphate ne-2 tbsp potassium sulfate.
Nisela amaplamu emaphethelweni wesiyingi sesiqu, usebenzise amalitha angama-20 esisombululo ngasinye.

Ungayondla kanjani iplamu ekwindla ukuze uthele izithelo ngesizini ezayo? Ekwindla sekwephuzile ngo-Okthoba-Novemba, sifeza okokugcina kokugcina, okuzosiza ingadi ye-plum ebusika kahle futhi ibeke ukunikezwa kwezakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo zokuqhakaza izimbali nezithelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngokumba ingadi emhlabathini, sakha ngendlela eyomile nge-1 sq. M yombuthano oseduze:

kalimagnesia 1 tbsp,
ammonium sulfate 2 tbsp
superphosphate 3 tbsp

Izithombo zeminyaka emibili nezintathu minyaka yonke zidinga cishe ama-50 g we potassium chloride no-150 g we-superphosphate, futhi ngezinqwaba zeminyaka emihlanu sandisa umthamo we-superphosphate kuya ku-200 g, chloride ye-potassium - okufika ku-80 g. Futhi, njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu kufanele kuvundiswe ngomanyolo - kusatshalaliswe umquba ovundile kuyo yonke le ndawo futhi kuyimbele .

Ungayondla kanjani iplamu ukuze ingalimazi

Ukuntuleka kwezakhi ezithile enhlabathini kusithinta kabi isimo sesitshalo.

Amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi ku-plum - lokhu kuwukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen

Uma i-drain ingenayo i-nitrogen eyanele, iphethini ephuzi ibonwa emacembe. Ukwelashwa okungeziwe kwezimpande kuzosiza ukugcwalisa ukusweleka kwento ngesixazululo esilandelayo: kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi sincibilikisa ama-20 g we-ammonium nitrate no-50 g we-urea, nisela izihlahla kanye namaqabunga.

Amaqabunga aba mnyama futhi aqhekeke - ayanele i-potassium ne-magnesium

Uma izingcwecwe zamaqabunga ziphenduka zibe nsundu bese ziphunga, lokhu kukhombisa ukuntuleka kwe-potassium. Ngokushoda kwe-magnesium, imiphetho yamapheshana nemithambo iba nsundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into enjalo ingabonakala ngasikhathi sinye. Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa ama-30 g we-granules we-magnesium ne-potassium chloride embuthanweni oseduze bese usuthululela.

Amahlamvu ePale - Ukushoda kwe-Iron

Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, hluza nge-5 g yensimbi sulfate bese ufafaza emacembe.

Amaqabunga ayonakalisiwe - lokhu kuwukuntuleka kwe-calcium

Uma iphuzu lokukhula kwamaqabunga lifa, amaqabunga awajwayelekile esimweni, okuswelayo akunalo ikhalsiamu eyanele.

Ekwindla-isiyingi esiseduze-kwesiqu, vala ushoko noma izimbotshana zamaqanda ezisikiwe.

I-Plum ikhula kabi - lokhu kushoda kwe-zethusi

Ngaphezu kokubambezeleka kokuthuthuka kukonke, amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo ezimnyama, ama-peduncle ayaqhekeka. Amagatsha amasha ayagoba, amaqabunga aba mdaka futhi aqothuka. Ukwenzela ukuntuleka kwethusi:

Ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi uzodinga u-2-5 g we-sulfate yethusi, fafaza izihlahla eduze kwamaqabunga.

Kushiya kumnyama ngokwemvelo - ukuntuleka kwe-phosphorus

Uma iplamu ikhula kabi, futhi amaqabunga ebonakala ebuthuntu, umnyama ongajwayelekile ngokwemvelo, noma omibalabala, umuthi udinga ukondluliswa ngokushesha nge phosphorus. Faka ku-10 amalitha amanzi 250-300 g we-superphosphate bese uthele ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.

Ama-asymmetric namaqabunga amancane - ukuntuleka kwe-zinc

Ngokuntuleka kwe-zinc, lesi sitshalo sithinteka kakhulu, ama-internode abe amafushane, isihlahla sinokubonakala okucindezelwe. Amaqabunga aba mancane, agobile, angawa ngokushesha futhi, futhi ama-rosette avela emaphethelweni amahlumela. Sifaka i-10 g ye-zinc sulfate kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese senza ukuthambisa okujwayelekile.

Izinhlobo ze-plum ezingamelana neqhwa eziNtabeni zaseMoscow nase-Urals

Ungayondla kanjani iplamu ephuzi entwasahlobo nasekwindla

Ngendlela, izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zama-hybrid nezinhlobonhlobo zikuvumela ukuthi ukhule ama-plm we-thermophilic hhayi kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu, kepha futhi maphakathi neRussia, kufaka phakathi iSifunda saseMosos nase-Urals. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihamba phambili ebusika obuqinile, okulandelayo kuyaphawulwa: