Ipomoea - engadini inganekwane!

Inkazimulo yasekuseni (Ipomoea), i-farbitis - uhlobo lwezitshalo eziqhakazayo, uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lomndeni weConvolvulus (I-Convolvulaceae).

Igama lohlobo lwalesi sitshalo kunqunywa amandla alo okubamba. Igama livela kumagama esiGrikhi ips - "worm" ne-homoios - "efanayo", ngenxa yokufana kwesimo sesiqu se-curly ngesibungu esigoqayo.

Ipomoea, ibanga Flying Saucer

IGenus Ipomoea inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500. Ekuhlobiseni izimbali, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-25 ziyasetshenziswa. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo yiMelika eshisayo. Ngokwesiko, le mbali ayikhukhumali, futhi ayifakwanga enhlabathini, ikhula kangcono ezindaweni ezinelanga elivulekile. Uma sifuna ukuthola isitshalo esiqhakaza kakhulu, khona-ke singasondla ngomanyolo wamaminerali onokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi - ukweqisa kwayo kubangela ukukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza kulimaze izimbali. Esomeni, uma kungenzeka, unisele, kepha lo mvini awubekezeleli ukumanziswa kwamanzi.

Ipomoea isatshalaliswa imbewu ehlwanyelwa entwasahlobo emhlabathini ovulekile. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, inkazimulo yasekuseni inikeza ukuzikhulula. Uma sifuna ukuqhakaza kwasekuqaleni, khona-ke singazama ukukhula ngezithombo, kodwa isitshalo asikubekezeleli ukufakelwa kahle. Lapho utshala izithombo, kubalulekile ukuba ulondoloze inqwaba yomhlaba. I-Ipomoea ilungele ukucija amathunzi noma ilanga lama-gazebos. Kuphela, umumo womcibisholo ezansi, amaqabunga petioles ende atholakala ngokuhlukile kwizisekelo eziqinile, ezisontekile. Ukhipha izingongolo ezungeza noma yikuphi ukuxhaswa, kusukela maphakathi noJuni kuya maphakathi nekwindla, zimbozwe ngezimbali ezimise okomshini. I-corolla ye-morning glory flower yakhiwa ngama-petals afakiwe ngomlenze we-pentagonal; lesi sakhiwo sibizwa nangokuthi "i-gramophone".

Inkazimulo yasekuseni. © Recuerdos del arcoiris

Amahlumela amancanyana nenani elikhulu lezimbali zivumela i-Ipomoea ukuthi iphenduke ibe ukhaphethi oqinile ohlaza okotshani, ongagubungela nje kuphela ama-arbor kanye nama-balconies, kodwa futhi uthango oludala, odongeni oludongeni. Izibalo ezinhle kakhulu eziluhlaza noma "izindlu" ze-bindweed.

Ekushayweni kwenkazimulo yasekuseni "yewashi yezimbali" Ipomoea ithatha indawo yokuqala - izimbali zayo ziyaqhakaza ngaphambili kunezinye izitshalo. Kulokhu bathola igama elithi "udumo lwasekuseni" eNgilandi. Ama-pedicel amade phakathi nosuku angajikeleza kaningi - ngale ndlela izimbali ezinhle zihlala zibheka ilanga. Izimbali zenzeka ngoJulayi futhi zihlala kuze kube yiqhwa lokuqala. Ezweni lokuphuma kwelanga, iJapan, lesi sitshalo sibizwa nge-Askagao, okusho nokuthi "inkazimulo yasekuseni." Abafuyi bazala izinhlobo eziningi zenkazimulo yasekuseni.

Ipomoea (Ipomoea microdactyla). © scott.zona

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ziyahlukahluka kwesinye ngesimo nangebala lezimbali. Uma ngaphambili sihlangane kakhulu nobukhazikhazi basekuseni noma obomvu okwesibhakabhaka, manje ungathola izimbali zanoma yimuphi umbala.

Kungashiwo okufanayo ngesimo sembali ngokwayo: ekuseni ngokukhazimula okuyi-terry onsomi onsomi, amacembe e-corolla akha imigqa eminingana, kanti inkazimulo yasekuseni efana ne-violin inezimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezinamachashaza anebala elinsomi ku-corolla tube. Izinhlobo ezintsha zinobubanzi bezimbali ezingaba ngu-10 cm. Izulu eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liyingcebo yangempela yabalimi. I-gramophone enkulu. Umbala we-corolla ubhakabhaka-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-violet, futhi ingxenye yawo emaphakathi imhlophe ngombala ophuzi.

Ipomoea (Ipomoea batatoides). © Alex Popovkin

Isihlobo sasendle senkazimulo yasekuseni insimu eboshelwe noma edume ngokuthi yi-birch. Zonke izakhamizi zasehlobo ziyalwazi lokhu kukhula, okunezimpande zalo okungelula neze ukulususa. Ngezimbali zayo, amaqabunga nesiqu esikhwelayo, iphinda inkazimulo yasekuseni yangempela. Isitshalo esisodwa sakha imbewu efinyelela ku-600. Kusatshalaliswa yonke indawo: ingxenye yaseYurophu, iCrimea, iCaucasus, yonke iSiberia, iMpumalanga Ekude, kanye neCentral Asia.

Ipomoea (Ipomoea indica). © abahluphi

Impela, akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi phesheya kukhona izihlobo zokhula lwethu, njengokukhazimula kwasekuseni kanye ne- ivy. Zivamile eLatin America. I-Ipomoea pitata iyaphawuleka eJapan, kanti i-ivy ingukhula olubi ezifundeni eziningi, okuphawulwe e-UK nase-Israyeli. Bavale wonke umhlaba wezolimo nomhlaba ongashintshiwe wephula i-phytocenosis. Izinhlobo zenkazimulo yasekuseni zinganqunywa kuphela ngembewu, uhlobo ngalunye lunezimpawu zalo. Ekukhazimulweni kwasekuseni, isicembe sembewu esiyisiyingi sinomumo wehhashi, sikhulu, sibushelelezi, futhi enkazimulweni yasekuseni isicaba sembewu engu-ivy sibuye simise okwamahashe, kepha simbozwe izinwele ezinzima.

Ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea). © Dick Culbert

Ukukhanya kokusa kokusa kwenyanga

Phambilini, iCalonyction yahlukaniswa njengohlobo olwehlukile, manje uhlobo lufakiwe kuhlobo lwe-Ipomoea, subgenus Quamoclit, isigaba seCalonyction futhi saziwa njenge-Ipomoea alba. Inkazimulo yasekuseni i-Ipomoea ingenye yezinhlobo zezimbali zase-Ipomoea ebusuku. Yize i-Ipomoea ibheka okuthile emvelweni - izitshalo zisetshenziswa, kepha ezimweni eziphakathi kweRussia ziyaqhakaza ngonyaka wokuhlwanyela futhi zingabusika. Ukukhula kwazo kumisa emazingeni okushisa omoya angaphansi kwe-10 ° C: izimbali zincane, izitshalo ziba nsundu, futhi kufanele zisuswe.

Inkazimulo yasekuseni yenkazimulo. © Jesús Cabrera

IGrassy, umvini obamba amagatsha kakhulu, ongaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ukuphakama, unamahlumela afinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 ubude, ithwele amakhulu, enomumo wenhliziyo ngezansi, amaqabunga anombhalo omathathu engxenyeni engenhla yamahlumela, enza isembozo samanzi nesingakhanyi ukukhanya.

Imbewu yalokhu okuhlukahlukene (nokho, njengembewu yabanye abamele lolu hlobo) inegobolondo eliwugqinsi, ngakho-ke, ukwandisa amathuba wokuhluma - angaphansi kokukhubazeka. Okungukuthi: kwanele ukuthambisa imbewu emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokutshala ezitshalweni noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ijazi lembewu kufanele liqhekeke, futhi imbewu yezinye izinhlobo inganikeza ngisho izithombo ezincane 1-1,5 mm. Emkhakheni ovulekile kuvame ukuvuthwa ngenxa yokubukeka okumnandi, nephunga elimnandi, elikhulu (kufika ku-10 cm) izimbali ezimhlophe. Kwesinye isikhathi izimbali zingafinyelela kububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-13-16, kufanelekile ukuzama ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo kufasitela, ikakhulukazi ngoba kulula futhi kuyathakazelisa.

Inkinga kuphela engaqhamuka ukuhlaselwa kwesicabucabu. Kepha manje sekuthengisiwe kunezidakamizwa eziningi zokulwa nayo. Lesi sitshalo sihluma ngendlela emangalisayo ngokushesha futhi sithola isisindo esiluhlaza phambi kwamehlo ethu. Kuyadingeka ukudala ukusekelwa ngesikhathi, ukuqondisa nokubopha iziqu ezakhiwe njengama-liana ukuze zingalimali futhi kamuva kube yisisekelo esinempilo sokuqhakanjiswa kwama-buds. Izimbali ziqhakaza kanjena: kusihlwa iziqalo ziqhamuke zingazelele futhi zivele phambi kwamehlo ethu! Ama-petals ayagoqwa, njenge-canopy yesambulela - amakhona, futhi aqonde ngokugqwala okuthule. Ekugcineni, kuzwakala ihlombe elithambile, bese i-whisk ivula ngokuqinile ngesais yetiyi, njengedome yesambulela esifanayo. Futhi yeka iphunga! Okuthile okumnandi-alimondi, okunomqondo wokusha, kunzima kakhulu ukukuchaza ... Izimbali zihlala kuze kuse ngosuku olulandelayo, emva kwalokho imbali ibuna kakhulu. Ebaleni elivulekile ngesimo sezulu esinamafu zivulekile usuku lonke.

Inkazimulo yasekuseni yenkazimulo. © Ed!

Isikhathi sezimbali: kusukela ngoJulayi - Agasti kuze kube yiqhwa lokuqala. Kwethulwa emasikweni kusukela ngo-1773.

Indawo: uncamela umswakama ocebile omanzi, kepha futhi ukhula kahle kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi wezakhi.

Ukunakekelwa: Kudinga ukuxhaswa okuqinile. Ukuphendula emanzini afudumele nokugqoka okuphezulu. Izinambuzane nezifo azivamile.

Ukuzala: imbewu, ukuhlwanyela ngoMeyi, ngqo emhlabathini. Imbewu iyancipha noma ifakwe amanzi kosuku olufudumele (25- 30 ° C). Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5- 10. Ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala emva kokutshala, izitshalo zikhula kancane kakhulu. Imvamisa, i-Ipomoea yelight ayinasikhathi sokuvutha imbewu. Ukuwathola, amahlumela anezithelo ezinkulu ayanqunywa futhi, aboshwe esixukwini, omiswe kuqala elangeni abese ngaphakathi. Ngemuva kwalokho izithelo zithwetshiwe, imbewu igcinwa ezikhwameni zamaphepha. I-roseflower ehlongoziwe kanye nokuhlelwa. Ehlobo, wonke amahlumela avela eduze kwentamo yezimpande, ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa nesitshalo, ayaphiniwa, ashiye iziqongo kuphela zingazange uthuli ebusweni. Ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu, izingqimba ziqala izimpande. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, amahlumela anezimpande adluliselwa emabhodweni futhi alethwe ku-greenhouse noma ambozwe ngamahlamvu ebusika. Izitshalo ezibandayo entwasahlobo zingaba mnyama. Izitshalo ezikhiqizwe ngemifino ziyaqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi.

Inkazimulo yasekuseni yenkazimulo. © Bev Wagar

Sebenzisa: emihlabeni ezungeze amawa, emnyango wendlu, emafasiteleni ewindi, Imvamisa lo mvini otshalwa eduze kwethiyetha, imigoqo, ama-disco, avakashelwa kusihlwa. I-moonflower isitshalo sobusuku.

I-tricolor yasekuseni ekhazimulayo

Lapho ikhulile, i-Ipomoea tricolor - Ipomoea tricolor, imvamisa ididaniswa ne-Ipomoea violacea, empeleni yona yehlukile, izinhlobo ezihlobene nokunye. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-Ipomoea tricolor ezinemibala ehlukahlukene yezimbali zazingakhethwanga ize ukuze zisetshenziselwe ukuhlobisa ingadi.

I-Ipomoea tricolor, amabanga oMshado wohlobo. © KevinTernes

Izinhlobo ezisetshenziswe kahle:

Inkanyezi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Izindiza ezindizayo
Isibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka, isibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka sithuthukisiwe
Isango lePearl
Isibhakabhaka sasehlobo
Izinsimbi zomshado
Ucingo lwasekuseni
Imvula eshisayo
I-Skylark

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ezithi "Morning Call" zinezimbali ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-10. Isibhakabhaka esibhakabhaka siyizinhlobonhlobo futhi ezinganakwa. Lokhu kuyingcebo yangempela yensimu. Izimbali ezinobubanzi obungu-10 cm, ngombala wesibhakabhaka noma onsomi we-corollas nomhlophe ngombala ophuzi ophakathi nendawo, zihehe ubuhle bawo. Izimbali zezinhlobonhlobo zePearl Gate zimhlophe ngokubabazekayo ngesikhungo sokuphuzi esikhanyayo. Ingaphezulu le-gramophone Flying Saucers ekhanyayo eluhlaza imbozwe ngemichilo emhlophe ebaleka isuka maphakathi nethangi iya emaphethelweni ayo.

Ipomoea inemibala emithathu, ibanga lisesibhakabhaka luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Izinhlobo zeSky Blue zithole umklomelo kwiRoyal Horticultural Society.

IMelika ithathwa njengendawo lapho lesi sitshalo yazalelwa khona, lapho sisetshenziswa khona, kepha endaweni ephakathi neRussia ikhula njengonyaka. I-Curly, eneziqu ezinamagatsha anamanzi afinyelela ku-4-5 m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga akhiwe ngokuningana, amakhulu, enomzimba noma ovoid-okwenhliziyo, obumbile, obumbeneyo, obekwe phezu kwe-petioles ende. Izimbali ezimise okomsebenzi, izimbali ezingama-3-4 esixukwini, isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eneshubhu elimhlophe, amasentimitha angama 8-10 cm, onsomi-onsundu kuqhakaza. Imbali ngayinye iqhakaza usuku olulodwa. Izimbali zivulwa kusukela ekuseni kuze kube semini, kwezinye izinhlobo - cishe kuze kube ngamahora ayi-17. Isimo sezulu esinamafu, izimbali zivulekile usuku lonke. Izithelo yibhokisi elakhiwe ngesigaxa. Imbewu imnyama, iqonde, iveza kancane, igcina ukusebenza kweminyaka engama-2-4. Ngokwesiko kusukela ngo-1830.

Ipomoea tricolor, ibanga Blue Star. © DMacIver

I-Ipomoea tricolor ingenye yezindlela zokuhlobisa kakhulu nezijwayelekile zama-curly ngonyaka. Iqhakaza kakhulu kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba. Inezinhlobo zezingadi nezinhlobonhlobo nge-whisk enemichilo.

Ipomoea lobed

Ipomoea Lopastnaya, Ipomoea Mina Lobata, ifulegi laseSpain - Ipomoea lobata. Ngaphambilini kufakwe kuhlobo lwe-Quamoclit, manje elihlanganisiwe kuyi-genus Ipomoea ejwayelekile.

Izwe: ISouth Mexico.

Ipomoea Mina Lobata. © UMichael Wolf

Isimangaliso esishisayo esingavamile sonyaka minyaka yonke esinezimbali eziqinile ezinobomvu ezi-1.5 - 3 m ezinde ezinamaqabunga ezinhliziyo ezinomzimba omile nenhliziyo ezintathu ezinohlonze eduze kweqabunga ngalinye. Izimbali, njengamaconsi (imbali ngayinye kufinyelela ku-2 cm ubude), kuma-inflorescence aqonde emaceleni omude ongu-15 - 25 cm sonke isikhathi kubonakala kuvaliwe. Zibomvu kuqala, bese ziwolintshi, bese ziphenduka kancane kancane iziphuzi zikalamula ziye zibe mhlophe ngokubomvu. Umphumela omangalisa imibala eminingi. Kwenye inflorescence eyodwa kunezimbali ezingama-12 zemibala ehlukene. Ama-stamens kanye ne-pestle protrude evela ku-pharynx ovulekile wembali. Isikhathi sezimbali: kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, futhi nangokwindla efudumele - kuze kube yiqhwa lokuqala. Kwethulwa emasikweni kusukela ngo-1841.

Inkazimulo yasekuseni ibomvu ngokugqamile

I-Ipomoea ebomvu egqamile, "inkanyezi-ubuhle", i-Fire red quamoklite - Ipomoea coccinea. Ngaphambilini kufakwe kuhlobo lwe-Quamoclit, manje elihlanganisiwe kuyi-genus Ipomoea ejwayelekile.

I-Ipomoea Bright ebomvu. © Raffi Kojian

I-liana yaminyaka yonke evela eCentral naseNingizimu Melika, lapho yenziwa yaba khona ngokwezifiso, yaze yafika ku-3 m ukuphakama, ineziqu ezondile, ezinamaqabunga ezinhliziyo ezinobude obuyi-5 kuye ku-10 cm kanye neshubhu, ezingaba ngu-1 cm ubukhulu, izimbali ezibomvu, ziphuzi umphimbo. Isikhathi sezimbali: ukuphela kukaJuni - Julayi. Noma kunjalo, ilahlekelwa ngokushesha umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Kakade ngo-Agasti, imbewu iyavuthwa, futhi lonke uhlobo lwezimila lube mnyama. Kuyamangaza ngokuhlakazeka kwayo okukhulu kwamahlamvu amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu, okuluhlaza okwenziwe ngamahlamvu amnyama i-quamoclite evuthayo i-ivy ebomvu (var. Hederifolia). Izimbali zinkulu kunezinhlobo ezijwayelekile. Isikhathi sokuhlobisa sesiside.

I-Ipomoea Bright ebomvu ivame ukudidaniswa ne-Ipomoea quamoclit, njengoba izimbali zazo ziyefana.

Ipomoea Kvamoklit

I-Cirrus squamous, "cypress liana" - Ipomoea quamoclit. Ngaphambilini kufakwe kuhlobo lwe-Quamoclit, manje elihlanganisiwe kuyi-genus Ipomoea ejwayelekile.

I-liana enomoya ovunguzayo, eyasungulwa kusukela ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseCentral naseNingizimu Melika ngo-1629, manje eseyisisekelo kusuka eVirginia kuya eMissouri. Lezi yizitshalo zonyaka noma ezingapheli, ezinezimbali ezikhuphukayo ezifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile e-Ipomoea Kvamoklit afana ne-fern noma i-cypress.

Ipomoea Kvamoklit. © Reinaldo Vicini

Isitshalo sokukhula ngokushesha: ngesikhathi esisodwa sokukhula sifinyelela ku-2,5 m ukuphakama. Izimbali zinombala omningi okwezinkanyezi, kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-3 cm. Ngokuvamile ama-corollas abomvu ama-carmine, kepha ukungafani ngezimbali ezimhlophe nezibomvana kuyaziwa. Isikhathi sezimbali: kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Ipomoea Slaughter

I-Kvamoklit Sloter, i-Cardinal liana - Ipomoea sloteri. Ngaphambilini kufakwe kuhlobo lwe-Quamoclit, manje elihlanganisiwe kuyi-genus Ipomoea ejwayelekile.

Izwe: EMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu.

I-hybrid ebuthakathaka minyaka yonke enamahloni amancane acwebezelayo afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ukuphakama, aqhakaza ngasentabeni ashiya ama-cm cm angama-5 cm futhi abomvu ngokuqinile (njengengubo yekhadinali) eqhakaza izimbali zasekuseni. Ububanzi bokuphamba 2 - 2.2 cm, ubude be-tube cm 3.5. Isikhathi sezimbali: Julayi-Septhemba. Imbewu iboshwe kancane.

Ipomoea Slaughter. © Christian Defferrard

Indawo: ilanga; isihlabathi nomhlabathi wegadi we-humus.

Ukunakekelwa: Izisekeli ziyadingeka, amahlumela aboshwe futhi aqondiswe. Ukunisela ngokulinganisela, ukugqoka kwamasonto onke kuze kube ngu-Agasti. Izinambuzane, izifo: izibungu zesicabucabu.

Ukuzala: I-Ipomoea lobed neSloter enkabeni yeRussia ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo efudumele ihlwanyelwa imbewu ekugcineni kuka-Ephreli, kodwa hhayi kamuva, ngoba imbewu ayinaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa, noma izithombo lapho ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini ngoMashi bese igxila futhi itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile lapho iqhwa lidlula. I-kvamoklit ebomvu yomlilo ingahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ngo-Ephreli - Meyi. I-Ipomoea cirrus - etshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi ukuthola indawo engapheli emikhakheni ebangeni elingama-5 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Akabekezeleli ukufakelwa! Ipomoea Sloter isatshalaliswa ngembewu emhlabathini ovulekile kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.

Sebenzisa: ukuklanywa kwama-vases, obhasikidi, amabhaluni. Ukuyisebenzisa ekutshaleni odongeni, ungafinyelela umhlobiso ophelele wezindonga. Ilungele ukudala imibhoshongo yezimbali. Izimbali eziqhakazile zilungele ukusikwa. I-Cardinal liana ilungile kakhulu ekuqanjwa kwezingaphambili ngamafomu ahlukahlukene amancanyana.

Ukuqapha Isitshalo sinobuthi.

Ipomoea Neil

Ipomoea nil - Ipomoea nil.

Kuvela ezindaweni ezishisayo zasezweni elidala. Igama lesiJapan asagao (ekuhumusheni - "ubuso basekuseni").

Lomvini omude wokuphila isikhathi eside utshalwa njengonyaka. Isiqu saso siqinile ngokuqinile futhi sikhula ngokushesha kunakwezinye izinhlobo, sifinyelela kubude obuyi-2,5 kuya ku-31. Amaqabunga aphambene, abanzi ngokugqamile noma anomumo wenhliziyo, omude. Izimbali nazo zibunjiwe njenge-funnel, kepha zinkulu kunezinhlobo zangaphambili, ububanzi bazo bube zi-10 cm, zipinki, zibomvu, isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-lavender, onsomi kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama nge-pharynx emhlophe. Njenge-Ipomoea ivy, izimbali ziphila ngolunye usuku futhi zivulwa kusukela ekuseni kuze kube semini. Izimbali - kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuya ekwindla. Ezitshalweni ze-Morning Call mix, izimbali ikakhulukazi ekuseni (kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni) futhi ziningi.

Inkazimulo yasekuseni iNayile, ibanga le-Morning Serenade. © Dwight Sipler

Igalelo elikhulu enqubweni yokwakha izinhlobo ezintsha lenziwa amaJapan. Lesi sitshalo singene kwiLand of the Rising Sun sisuka ezweni laseChina phakathi nenkathi yeNara, okuthi ngokwekhalenda laseJapan, sihambisane nesikhathi kusuka ku-710 kuya ku-784. Ekuqaleni, i-asagao yayibonwa amaJapan kuphela njengomuthi, kepha ngenkathi ye-Edo (1615-1868) yaba yihlelo ngempela. Ngenkathi abaseYurophu bengahlosile ngama-tulips kanye nemifino, amaJapane ahlatshwa umdlandla wothando lwe-bindweed.Izibalo zokuzithokozisa zawela ku-1804-1829 naku-1848-1860. Lolu thando lwaphenduka olungaphelelwa yisikhathi, futhi kulezi zinsuku eJapan, inkazimulo yasekuseni isabelwa ngenkuthalo futhi yathuthukiswa. Ku-asagao yasendulo ehlala okhokho, izimbali zinombala obomvana oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Amakhulu amaningi eminyaka, amaJapan ashintsha ukuvela kwenkazimulo yasekuseni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphandle kokuqashelwa. Futhi uma ngaphambili ukuvela kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha bekungumbala, manje i-asagao hybridization ibekwe kwisayensi: izindlela zamuva zokuthola izakhi zofuzo zisetshenzisiwe, ukufakwa kobuningi bezingxenye ezinkulu ze-DNA kuyenziwa, futhi kufakwa izifingqo zofuzo olukhulayo nolukhulu. Njalo ngonyaka, kuvela izinto ezintsha ezingajwayelekile futhi, futhi isibalo sezinhlobo nemigqa ye-asagao sekukade kukalwa ngamakhulu.

Izinhlobonhlobo ziyehluka ikakhulukazi ngombala, usayizi kanye nokwakheka kwezimbali namaqabunga.

Ipomoea Neil, Youjiro ehlukahlukene. © KENPEI

Umbala we-corolla umhlophe, upinki, ubomvu, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umnyama, unemibala emibili ngokufinya, amabala, imivimbo yombala ohlukile kunangemuva. Izimbali nezimbali ze-Asagao chimera zidwetshwe ngamathoni ansundu kuyaziswa kakhulu.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezigobhoza izimbali ezinkulu (ububanzi be-corolla ububanzi be-15- 20 cm), izinhlobo ezinobukhulu obujwayelekile be-corolla (ububanzi 7 cm cm) nezinhlobonhlobo ezigobhoza okuncane (ububanzi obuyi-6 cm noma ngaphansi). Ngokwakheka kwe-corolla, amaqembu e-asagao angaphezu kwama-20 ahlukaniswa. Izimbali zilula futhi zimbili. Amaqabunga e-asagao awafani kangako. Zingakalwa, zikhumbuzise ngesimo samaqabunga e-willow, ivy, maple nokunye. Kunezinhlobo ezimhlophe-luhlaza okotshani nokuphuzi.

I-Asagao itshalwe eJapan ikakhulu emasikweni ebhodwe njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, i-liana yakhiwa ngohlobo “lwesihlahla” ngosizo lwezikhonkwane, olokuqala lwenziwa ephepheni lesi-6 langempela. Izimbiza ezinobubanzi be-15-20 cm zigcwele inhlabathi evundile evundile.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukuze izitshalo zisungule izixhaso ezivela amahlumela aqhamukayo we-bamboo. I-Asagao itshalwe kuma-sill sun sunest nakwamanye amasondo. Izitshalo zisatshalaliswa ngokuyinhloko ngembewu (imbewu yezinhlobo “eziphambili” ayishibhile, intengo ingafinyelela ku- $ 8 ngesiqeshana esisodwa).

Izimbali zezinhlobo ezithile ze-asagao ziyinyumba, izitshalo kuleli cala zikhula ngozimpande zezithombo (zinezimpande kalula, ngokwesibonelo, engilazini yamanzi).

Isimo sezulu saseMartha esincane, ubuningi bomswakama kanye nokushisa kwelanga, nenhlabathi evundile kuvumela amaJapan ukuba akhule izitshalo ezihluke kakhulu nezihlobiso, kufaka phakathi i-asagao, cishe unyaka wonke. Kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhule ubukhazikhazi basekuseni obuthanda ukushisa eJapan Central? Yebo, kepha izitshalo kufanele zibekwe eduze necala eliseningizimu lendlu. Izinhlobo ezingabizi kakhulu ze-Ipomoea Nile y us yi “Chocolate”. Lapho kukhula i-Ipomoea Nile, umuntu kufanele alungele iqiniso lokuthi uma kwenzeka kuba ihlobo elibandayo nelinethayo, izimbali cishe ngeke zijatshulelwe.

Ipomoea Neil, ebangeni Akatsukinoumi. © KENPEI

I-Asagao ingenye yezimpawu ezithandayo zobuciko baseJapan, kufaka izinkondlo zendabuko zeHoku. AmaJapan ayaqiniseka ukuthi amanga amahle ngempela asemkhawulweni, oyingqayizivele, we-laconic. Lo mbono ugcwele isiko lonke laseJapan.

Inkondlo yaseJapan Hoku ebhalwe ngu-Basho Matsuo wekhulu le-17.
Kufundwa:

I-Asagao-ni tsurube torarate, mora-mizu.

Ukuhumusha:

Inkazimulo yokukhanya kwasekuseni ngaphezulu ebusuku yamboza ibhakede emthonjeni.
Ungabudabuli ubuhle obudlulayo?!
Ngizoya komakhelwane ukuyokha amanzi okugeza ubuso bami.

Le nkondlo idlala ngamagama. I-Asagao - "ubuso bokusa", "ubuso ekuseni" - igama lalembali - Ipomoea - futhi isizathu sokuya emthonjeni ekuseni ukugeza ubuso bakho. Iqhawe lenkondlo liye emthonjeni ukuyogeza ubuso bakhe, nenkazimulo yasekuseni yenkazimulo yasekuseni ngaphezulu kwebhakede. Futhi ukuyisebenzisa, kufanele wephule imbali.

Iqhawe lenkondlo, elikhathazekile ngobuhle besimbali esedlule, liyazisola, linquma ukuya komakhelwane ukuthola amanzi. Inkondlo enhle kakhulu, ecolisisiwe, ekhombisa isimo sengqondo sokuhlonipha imvelo, imizwa, impilo nakho konke okuphilayo.

Ipomoea ivy

Ipomoea ivy - Ipomea hederacea

Ezweni lasekhaya - iMelika eshisayo.

I-liana yonyaka enobuningi bamaqabunga angama-curm angama-2-3m ubude nezinhliziyo ezinkulu, ezinemidwebo emithathu, efana namaqabunga e-ivy. Izimbali zakhe zimise okomshini wokuqina, kufinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu, isibhakabhaka-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, upinki, onsomi nokubomvu, i-2-3 yazo iqoqwe ku-peduncle ende.

Zivuliwe kusukela ekuseni kuze kube phakathi kwamabili, bese ziyabuna, kodwa ngakusasa ekuseni, kuvulwa okusha. Izimbali kusuka ngoJulayi kuya maphakathi ekwindla. Ngokwesiko kusukela ngo-1600, akuvamile

Inezinhlobo zezingadi ezinezimbali ezinkulu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinomngcele omhlophe, izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezimnyama onsomi ezinomngcele omhlophe. Izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo ze- 'Roman Pipi' zinezimbali ezinhlobonhlobo, amaqabunga amhlophe-aluhlaza, izimbali ze-cherry enomphimbo omhlophe, ziba ngu-120-150 cm ubude.

Morning inkazimulo onsomi

Ipomoea aimurea - Ipomea purpurea

Ezweni lasekhaya - iMelika eshisayo.

I-perennial liana enesiqu esiqinile futhi esiphansi samagatsha, sihlakulelwa njengonyaka. Iziqu zifinyelela ku-8 m ubude. Amaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo, amatshe amathathu, kuma-petioles amade. Isiqu kanye namaqabunga amaqabunga ama-pubescent. Izimbali zinkulu, zinobubanzi obungafika ku-4-7 cm, obunjwe ngensimbi, obomvana, buqoqwe ngo-2-5 kuma-pedicel amade akhula kusuka kuma-axils amaqabunga. Imibala - opinki, obomvu, onsomi, onsomi onsomi okotshani. Ingaphakathi le-corolla elakhiwe njengofende lihlala lipendiwe mhlophe. Le nkazimulo yasekuseni onsomi ihlukile esihlotsheni esiseduze kakhulu, inkazimulo yasekuseni, lapho maphakathi imbali kuhlala kuphuzi.

Kwisimo sezulu esicacile, izimbali zivulwa ekuseni kakhulu, kuthi ngehora leshumi nanye ekuseni sezivele zivaliwe, kunamafu - zivulekile kuze kube yihora le-14. Izimbali ziqala ngoJulayi futhi ziyaqhubeka kuze kufike ekwindla. Izithelo ziyi-capsule eyindilinga enezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezingama-2-4.

Ngokwesiko kusukela ngo-1621. Inezindlela ezinama-terry kanye ne-variegated. Izinhlobonhlobo zale nkazimulo yasekuseni ejwayelekile futhi engabekezeleleki inkulu kakhulu, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje kuye kwavela izinto ezintsha ezithakazelisa kakhulu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezaziwayo zokwephuka kokusa kwasebukhosini: iMilky Way, iScrlett O'Hara, i-Grandpa Otts, iKniola's Black Knight, i-Yalta Star, i-SplitPersonality, i-Sunrise Serenad, iCaprice.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezibomvu ezikhangayo Scarlett O'Hara. Ezitshalweni zohlobo lwe-Star Scarlet, izimbali ezingama-cherry ezinenkanyezi emhlophe enkabeni nasemaphethelweni amhlophe, izimbali ziba ziningi ikakhulukazi.

Inhlabathi: Bakhetha inhlabathi ekhululekile futhi enempilo; futhi "bakhuluphala" enhlabathini evundiswe kahle ukulimaza kwezimbali. Ukugwazwa kwamanzi, lemivini ayikubekezeleli.

Ukunakekelwa: khulisa imivini ngokunisela okungapheli nokugqoka okuphezulu ngomanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali onokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi - ukwedlula kwakhe kubangela ukukhula kwenqwaba eluhlaza kulimaze izimbali. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenkazimulo yasekuseni, kusekelwa izintambo ezelulwe ngokuqondile, ulayini wokudoba, ucingo noma i-mesh kuyadingeka, okuzohlanganiswa ngazo isiqu. Futhi kusetshenziswa kuphela izinhlobo ezingama-Candy zaseRoma i-Ipomoea ivy njengesitshalo se-ampel sezindawo ezifudumele nezivikelwe. Ngomhlaba owanele kumakhabethe, inkazimulo yasekuseni ikhula kahle kumakholoni nakuma-loggias asendleleni eseningizimu noma eningizimu-mpumalanga.

Ukuzala: Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngoMeyi endaweni ehlala njalo yembewu engu-2-3 emgodini ngamunye noma ezimbizeni ze-peat-humus ngoMashi - Ephreli ngezithombo. Izinga lokushisa elilungele ukuhluma lingama-18 degrees. Imbewu kufanele ifakwe emanzini amahora angama-24. Lezo ezingavuvukalanga zigaywa ngenaliti bese zifakwe emanzini futhi. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-6-14. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo akukhona ukubekezelela kahle, ngakho-ke, lapho ufaka izithombo emabhodweni amakhulu (enziwe kabili), ahlala agcina inqwaba yomhlaba enezimpande. Kufakwe iqhubu embizeni ngayinye, lapho isitshalo siyoncipha khona, ngaphandle kwalokho iziqu ziyokonakala bese ziphuka lapho zizama ukuyihlanganisa. Izithombo zitshalwa ngenhlama yomhlaba, zilondoloze ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezinamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Ungasakaza nokwaba izingqimba, ukusika, ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes.

Sebenzisa

Ipomoea ilungile ukutjheja imithambeka enelanga noma ama-verandas, ayitshale ngocingo olunezikhala futhi avale indawo kusukela ekuphakameni, emehlweni enyama. Ungamane utshale indlu ohlangothini oluseningizimu, ufake amawindi aseningizimu, bese kuthi i-microclimate endlini ithandeke kakhulu - kupholile futhi kunomswakama, futhi namabhodi ale ndlu leyo ndlu ngaphandle ngeke awume. Ngokwesakhiwo esisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, usebenzisa i-trellis enenkazimulo yasekuseni, ungahlukanisa ingadi noma ingadi yemifino, isakhiwo sendlu noma indawo yokupaka imoto. Futhi kuzoba uthango oluhle kunazo zonke.

Uma utshala inkazimulo yasekuseni ngetafula namabhentshi, uthola indawo ethokomele yokuphumula. Izimbobo zezinduku zensimbi ezigoqiwe ngenhla kwendlela eya endlini, zenziwe zahlanganiswa ngobuhle basekuseni, ziguqula le ndlela ibe yiphaladi eluhlaza. Kulula ngokwengeziwe ukwakha i-arch enjalo ngaphezu kwesango elisesangweni lokungena endaweni, ukuhlobisa umpheme noma kuvulandi.

Ipomoea ingatshalwa engadini yezimbali. Ngosizo lwabo, bachitha indawo eyisicaba yensimu enkulu yezimbali, eyenza kube yinhle ngokwengeziwe. Ukusuka enkazimulweni yasekuseni ungakha izibalo ezahlukahlukene eziluhlaza noma umthombo onama-jets-stems asakazeka kuzo zonke izinkomba noma uqondiswe endaweni eyodwa. Futhi konke okudingekayo kulokhu ukusekelwa kwefomu elifanelekile nomcabango wakho.

Inketho ethakazelisa kakhulu ukusebenzisa izihlahla eziluhlaza nezomile njengezisekeli. Lapha, amathuba angenamkhawulo wobuciko obuvulekele ekwakhiweni kwemisebenzi yobuciko. Amagatsha ezihlahla zezithelo noma zehlathi angaxhunywa kusetshenziswa ucingo ngamapayipi adonswa emhlabathini, bese efakwa ngenkazimulo yasekuseni.

Namuhla, kunenketho enkulu yembewu yokusa yasekuseni. Izitshalo ezikhule kuzo zivela hhayi kuphela ngobukhulu bokwehlukahluka nosayizi wezimbali, amaqabunga, kodwa futhi nobungako bezimbali, isikhathi sokuqala kokuvulwa kwezimbali. Ungathenga futhi izingxube ezingeke zicabangeke kakhulu zembewu yenkazimulo yasekuseni, okuholela ekuphikisaneni ngemibala engadini yakho, ekotishi, ngisho nakuvulandi wedolobha.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona

Ama-aphid

Amaqabunga enkazimulo yasekuseni futhi ebonakalayo ebomvu okhanyayo angaba uphawu lokulimala kwezidumbu zesitshalo. Izinambuzane zibhoboza isembozo seqabunga leqabunga, sithathe amajusi ezitshalweni kanye namazolo okuju aseceleni. Isikhunta se-sooty sihlala kumazolo oju. Uma i-aphid ebomvu ekhanyayo itholakala enkazimulweni yasekuseni, phatha lesi sitshalo ngesinambuzane esifanelekile se-systemic.

Amahlamvu aguqukile

Uma isitshalo sikhula ebusuku ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa komoya eziphansi futhi sinezinkinga zokuntuleka kwe-magnesium enhlabathini, khona-ke amaqabunga enkazimulo yasekuseni akhanya abomvu abe mhlophe futhi awonakalisiwe. Khulisa izinga lokushisa bese utshala isitshalo enhlabathini evundile.

Izikhala zesicabucabu

Amachashazi kanye nama-cobwebs acwebile emaqabungeni kuwuphawu lomonakalo wesitshalo ngezitho zesicabucabu. Fafaza amaqabunga ngamanzi.

Ukuzibonela komuntu

Esithombeni sokuqala, ngonyaka owedlule we-Ipomoea Flying Saucers (Ipomoea Flying Saucers). Kuqhakaze eziqandeni impela. Njengoba itshalwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla sama-apula, yahlobisa isiqu saso ngokuluhlaza okotshani ukuze ingabonakali ngokuphelele, futhi lapho kuvela izimbali ezinhle, futhi ngisho “nasesiphelweni sama-apula” - kwakuyisimangaliso nje! Isitshalo esingenakuzithoba ngokuphelele, futhi ukufakelwa akukubi kangako. Lo nyaka ngithengile futhi ngahlwanyela ngocingo lwezinhlobonhlobo 8. Wonke umuntu waya ekukhuleni, ihlumela ngalinye ngalinye selivele linamaqabunga angempela.

Ngokumangazayo

I-Potato emnandi - i-Ipomoea batatas. Lolu hlobo lwenkazimulo yasekuseni laziwa njengesitshalo semifino - ubhatata. Abaningi bezwe ngaye, hhayi abaningi abazamile, futhi futhi bambalwa kakhulu abaziyo ukuthi iBatat nayo iyi-Ipomoea.

Ubhatata omnandi umdiliya onotshani onemivimbo ekhonkolozayo, ukhula ezintabeni, kuze kufinyelele kumamitha ayi-5 ubude. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha ayi-15-18. Izimpande ezingemva zamazambane amnandi ziqine kakhulu futhi zakha amashubhu enenyama emhlophe, ephuzi, eorenji, epinki, ekhilimu, ebomvu noma onsomi edliwayo. I-tuber eyodwa inesisindo kusuka ku-200 g kuya ku-3 noma ngaphezulu kg.

Amaqabunga atshalwe ngenhliziyo noma ngesikhumba esenziwe ngezihlahla, kuma-petioles amade.

Izimbali zihlala kuma-axils amaqabunga; i-corolla enkulu, ibunjiwe, ibomvana, ipinki, i-lilac noma emhlophe. Izinhlobo eziningi aziqhakaza. Ukupholisa impova, ikakhulukazi izinyosi. Ukuqhakaza endaweni eshisayo kunqabile.

Izithelo ziyibhokisi lembewu ezine; imbewu imnyama noma nsundu, inobubanzi obungu-3.5-4,5 mm.