Ukutshala Holly nokunakekela Propagation by cuttings Izinhlobonhlobo ngezithombe Isicelo ekwakhekeni komhlaba

Ukutshala kukaHolly Holly nokunakekela Izinhlobo ezidumile zezithombe nencazelo

Kuhlobo lweHolly, umndeni wamaHollows, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-400 zezihlahla nezihlahlana ezikhula kusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo kuya ezilinganisweni ezipholile. Izinhlobo zezinhlobo zama-holly zihlanganisa, kwesinye isikhathi, izitshalo ezinezimpawu eziphikisanayo.

Zingaba yizihlahla ezinqikayo noma ezihlala ziluhlaza, izihlahlana ezinwabuzelayo neziqhwaga ezinamamitha amaningi. Kuluhlu olulodwa lweqabunga, amaqabunga womabili anama-pricklyotot kanye nokuma okuphelele okubushelelezi kungahlala ndawonye. Zonke izinhlobo ze-holly zi-dioecious. Izimbali ezincane, ezinemibala ekhanyayo zitholakala kuma-sinuses amaqabunga. Izithelo zifana ne-berry, njenge-drupes.

UHolly uhlukaniswa njengesitshalo esithanda umswakama futhi esivumelana nomthunzi. Ukuze zikhiqizwe kabusha, imbewu eseyivele yenziwa izinyanga ezi-18 isetshenzisiwe. Abenqabeli indlela yokwenza imifino yokuzala, yize bengazithandi izinto zokufakelwa futhi begula kakhulu, bethatha izimpande endaweni entsha.

Lesi sitshalo sibaluleke kakhulu ngokuhlobisa kwawo, ngoba uyakwazi ukugcina ukwakheka kwawo isikhathi eside ngemuva kokusikwa. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amagatsha awo aphathwe ngenhlonipho, ekholelwa ukuthi aphikisana nemimoya emibi, uma iqiniswa ngaphezu komnyango. Amagatsha alesi sitshalo asasetshenziswa kuKhisimusi wreath motifs, emagxolweni. Zivame ukutholakala emasembozweni amakhadi oNyaka omuNyaka emazweni e-Old World.

Izimo ezikhulayo nokunakekelwa okuphelele

Zonke izinhlobo ze-holly zibekezelela ngokuphelele umthunzi osesilinganisweni nesithunzi, ngaphandle kokuthola ukungakhululeki. Kodwa-ke, elangeni zikhula kahle. Ngendlela, ukukhula okuncane kufanele kuvikeleke ekukhanyeni kwelanga entwasahlobo. Bathanda inhlabathi enomsoco enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-humus, okukhishwe kahle. Uma unokuthambisa okukhanyayo, engeza i-humus nesihlabathi kuyo ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo zemvelo zokudla nezomsoco.

Kunzima ukubekezelela ukufakelwa, kepha uma udinga nje ukufakelwa isitshalo, usenze ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, khona-ke ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenzeka ngomonakalo omncane.

Holly Holly emadolobheni angaphansi

Ebusika, i-evergreen holly iba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wensimu

Ngeshwa, i-holly ekhulayo yaseYurophu engadini (enama-hybrids ambalwa wasebusika - isib. I-Ilex x meservae meserv) izokwazi ukwenzeka kuphela ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile lapho amafrimu angawa ngaphansi kuka-20 ° C, bese kuphela isikhathi esifushane. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezaziwayo ezibekezelela ubusika obubandayo eduze kwaseMoscow, kuyaziwa okulandelayo: "China Girl", "Blue Maid", "China Boy", "Blue Baron", "Blue Princess".

Izidingo Zokunakekelwa KwamaHolly:

Ukunisela njalo ngesikhathi esomile kuyadingeka.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kungenziwa entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwesisindo esiluhlaza. Kukhethwe umquba wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi, kungenzeka nge-nitrogen eyodwa. Isabela kahle ekugqokeni okwenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo.
Ukunquma kusetshenziselwa ukwakha umqhele. Kuyasiza nokususa amagatsha owonakele futhi omisiwe.

Kungani holly engenawo amajikijolo - izizathu

Kungani holly engenawo amajikijolo okufanele akwenze

UHolly isitshalo esihlukanisiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona izitshalo "zowesilisa" kanye "nezesifazane", futhi izithelo zakha kuphela izihlahla ezinezimbali ezinhlobonhlobo, izimbali zabesifazane. Ukubona amajikijolo amahle, udinga ukutshala isitshalo sowesifazane nowesilisa eduze.

Izithombe zezimbali zabesifazane nezabesilisa ezikhululekela ngaphezulu - igatsha elivela esitshalweni sowesilisa, ngezansi - kusuka kowesifazane

Izimbali namajikijolo akhula kuphela kumagatsha aneminyaka emibili ubudala, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqaphela lapho uthambisa.
Uma usika amagatsha amafushane kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi isitshalo siqhakaze.
Ingozi yokusika iziqhakaza zezimbali inyuka ngokuthena kwehlobo nokwindla.
Nquma kangcono i-holly entwasahlobo ukuze ikwazi ukubeka izimbali ngonyaka olandelayo.

UHolly angathulula izimbali nama-ovari uma engenawo umswakama. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba awomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isithwathwa esinamandla ebusika noma eqhweni lasentwasahlobo singalimaza namagatsha ezithelo, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukubona isivuno samajikijolo.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

Phakathi kwezinambuzane, ama-aphid aziwa ngokuhlasela amahlumela amancane. Izinhlobo ze-evergreen zithintwa izinambuzane ezinkulu namahlamvu ezinhlamvu. Izindlela zokulawula - ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides afanele. Kwesinye isikhathi ukubola kwezimpande kukhula ku-holly, okubangelwa ukufiphala okulimaza sekwephuzile yonke indawo. Ukuvimbela - ithuluzi lokudonsa amanzi ngesikhathi sokutshala, ukuvimbela ukuzikiswa kwamanzi ngesikhathi semvula.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Holly ngokusikwa

Kunzima ukusabalalisa isitshalo esinezimbewu: ngoba izimbali zi-dioecious, impova yokufakelwa iyadingeka. Ukutshala imbewu kuyadingeka ngemuva kwesikhathi eside stratation. Ngokwemvelo, le nkathi ithatha iminyaka engu-1.5. abalimi babeka imbewu esiqandisini ekwindla bese bezitshala entwasahlobo. Ungalinda izithombo ngisho neminyaka engama-2-3.

Ngakho-ke, ekusakazweni kwe-holly, ukusikwa noma ukwakhiwa kusetshenzisiwe.

Izinhlobo ezisikiwe ezingekho lignified zisikwa zibe ngu-10-12 cm ubude.
Onke amapheshana asuswa engxenyeni yesithathu yobude.
Ngokulandelayo, ukusikeka kugcinwa amahora angama-24 kwisisombululo sezimpande futhi kumila emanzini acacile kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivele.

Izimbambo ze-Holly zinezimpande emanzini

"Ungatshala" ukusika endaweni enomthunzi engadini noma utshale izingilazi zokusika ukhula emafasiteleni.
Ukunikeza ukuchelela nokudonsa okuhle, uzothola izithombo ezinhle ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3.
Izilimo ezitshalwe emanzini ziqala ngokutshalwa emabhodweni ukuze zikhule.
Emhlabathini ovulekile, izitshalo ezintsha zingatshalwa kuphela entwasahlobo elandelayo.

Ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, izihlahla zizoba nesikhathi sokukhulisa uhlelo lwezimpande, futhi amagatsha avuthwe ukuze akwazi ukusinda esikhathini esibandayo. Kodwa ukuze uqiniseke ngokuphumelela ebusika, ekwindla izihlahla zihlanganiswa nomhlaba futhi zimbozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce.

Ukusakazeka kukaHolly ngokugoqa

Ukusakazeka kwe-Holly ngokusika isithombe

Uma i-holly yakho isivele ikhula, ungayisakaza ngokutshala amagatsha uwahlanganise nomhlaba.

Ukuze amagatsha angaphuthuki futhi aphume, kungcono ukuwaphonsa ngamabakaki wensimbi emhlabathini, ususe amaqabunga endaweni lapho uzofafaza khona nomhlaba.
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, izimpande zizovela lapha, bese kuba namagatsha amasha.
Ngenkathi elandelayo, entwasahlobo, isithombo sihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kusuka kwisitshalo somama futhi sitshalwe endaweni enqunyelwe.

Ungatshala kanjani holly

Isithombo esisembizeni kuqala siniselwa ukuthambisa isigaxa sobumba futhi singakhipha kalula.
Kulungiselelwe umgodi kusengaphambili, cishe kathathu ebhodweni ngokujula nobubanzi. okungenani i-3-4 cm yokudonsela phansi ibekwe phansi komgodi: ingaphulwa ngezitini, amatshe amatshe amancane noma enye into ekhuthaza ukudonswa kwamanzi ngenhla kwenhlabathi engaphezulu.
Fafaza nge-humus ngaphezulu (cishe isigamu sebhakede emgodini ngamunye, oxutshwe nengxenye nomhlabathi.
Ngemuva kwalokho usele i-seedling ngokuqondile bese ufafaza ngomhlabathi wezakhi, uzama ukuqinisa kancane intambo yezimpande. Lokhu kuzovikela ukudalulwa kwezimpande ngemuva kokuncipha. Isitshalo sibekezelela ukukhula okuncane ngokuzolile. Ukunisela kakhulu, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-holly nezincazelo nezithombe

U-Holly ushaye imibhobho ye-Ilex

I-Holly Wrinkled - Ilex rugosa Fr. ISchmidt

Yonke iMpumalanga Ekude ukusuka ePrimorye kuya eSakhalin 'kwakuphithizela' ngabanqwabelana. Izintandokazi zinikezwa ama-fir-spruce kanye namahlathi omsedari. Kubhekiswa kuzihlahla ezinwabuzelayo ezihlala ziluhlaza. Ukuphakama kwawo akudluli kumamitha ayi-0.5. Akabekezeleli ubusika obubanda ngokweqile, ngokuyinxenye frostbite. Akuguqulwanga engadini yezindawo zasepaki namakamelo ehlobo.

Ku-spurs yaseSikhote-Alin, emthunzini wezidleke zama-Ayan, kutholakala ukuthi kuye kwagqwala ama-holly, kokubili ngama-sampre ahlukile nangamaqembu. Ukhululekile kakhulu lapha, njengoba isembozo seqhwa esinamandla sisindisa lesi sitshalo emifushweni ebulalayo ebusika, futhi ehlobo ngenxa yomswakama ophakeme womoya wezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhula kwawo zidaliwe.

UHolly ujwayelekile kubahlali baseSakhalin, kanye nesiqhingi saseKuril eseningizimu. Lesi sitshalo simelele izimbali ezindala kulo lonke eliseMpumalanga Ekude. Ngisho nangesikhathi se-Tertiary, ama-holly ancibilikisa akhula esifundeni kanye ne-beech ne-magnolia. Futhi isimangaliso kuphela esisize lo mthathu ukuba uphile eziqhingini eziseningizimu yeKuril Islands. EPrimorye, i-magnolia ene-beech yanyamalala.

U-Holly ushaye ikhwela i-Ilex verticillata

U-Deciduous Holly ushaye ikhwela esithombeni, ebangeni le-Ilex verticillata Maryland Ubuhle

Lesi isihlobo esiseduze sama-holly holly, asatshalaliswa eNyakatho Melika. Kuyisimo esinqumayo. Ikhula ekuphakameni ukusuka kumamitha kuya kwabathathu, umqhele ubukhulu futhi umbozwe ngamahlamvu amnyama anemibala egcwele. Izimbali azivezi, zincane. Amajikijolo abomvu amnyama angabonakala kuphela ezitshalweni ze-pistil, kepha ukuze amandla aqhamuke, ama-primen specimens atshalwe impela.

Phakathi kwama-holly kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlobisa kakhulu kudume ngokuba ne-holly enezwi, elikhula endaweni yaseNyakatho Melika. Ikhula ngasogwini lwemifula, ezigungwini futhi ithanda umswakama. Prefers humus inhlabathi emthunzini ohlangothini oluseningizimu yengadi. Izindawo ezinelanga zimane ziyaphulwa kuye. Ukuvikelwa okhethekile kuyadingeka elangeni ebusika. Ayibekezeleli isomiso. Amagatsha awo ane-tint ye-olive-violet, amaqabunga amakhulu ama-elliptical aguqula umbala wawo usuka eluhlaza okotshani uye ophuzi-owolintshi lapho kuqala ukwindla.

Holly Holly Ilex Aquifolium

Izithombe ze-Holly Holly ze-Silver Queen ze-Ilex Aquifolium zesiliva ze-Queen Queen

Izinhlobo zezitshalo zasendle zivamile eningizimu yeYurophu, ubukhulu beNyakatho Melika kanye ne-Asia Minor. Ingamelwa njengesitshalo esijwayelekile esihlala siluhlaza. Kepha ibizwa nangokuthi isihlahla se-holly holly, esifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-15. Umqhele wawo obukhulu we-pyramidal noma we-oval ngenxa yamagatsha amafushane okusakazeka.

Iqabunga le-oblong-ovate elifushane leleveli yesitshalo libonakala ngokuba khona komphetho we-wavy, amazinyo kanxantathu nemikhondo emikhulu. Izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa zitholakala emafasiteleni amafushane amakha kakhulu. Izithelo ezibomvu ezi-spherical, ububanzi obafinyelela ku-1 cm, zingahlala ebusika bazo zonke iziqu zazo.

Futhi yize i-holly holly ibhekwa njengesilimo esivikela isithwathwa esingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angama-22 ° C, lokhu akwanele endaweni ephakathi yeRussia Federation, futhi lesi sitshalo kufanele sitshalwe engadini ebusika. Uthanda izindawo ezinomthunzi, mhlawumbe yingakho engakhuli ngokushesha. Inesikhathi sokuphila esibalelwa eminyakeni eyi-100. Ingabumba, ngosizo layo ithola ukwakheka kwe-spherical or pyramidal. Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-holly holly zibonakaliswa yi-mismatch ngesimo seqabunga nomqhele, ohlelweni lombala wezithelo. Imvamisa, ama-holly holly atholakala emahlathini ama-beech, fir kanye nama-spruce aseNyakatho Caucasus.

Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lunokuhluka okuncane okuvela kumfowabo waseYurophu. Ngakho-ke, ama-botanists awahlanganisile ngaphansi kwamagama "Colchis Holly", amaqabunga amancane angena emithanjeni eyakhiwe ngokuqinile, kanye ne "Holrow-fronted Holly", onamahlamvu awo makhulu futhi izithelo zinamathambo amancanyana. UColchis holly uqhamuka ezifundeni zase-Asia Minor naseTranscaucasia. Kulezi zindawo kungumuthi omncane, ongafika ku-2,5 m ukuphakama, kube namagatsha entwasahlobo noma ishlahla esisabalala emhlabathini. Enkabeni yeRussia, isihlahla somhluzi sikhula sibe ngamamitha ayi-0.5. Amaqabunga awo amnyama anombala oluhlaza okotshani acwebezelayo. Ngokuqala kwesithwathwa sekwindla, kuba yiqhwa, kepha, ngenxa yekhono lokululama, likhula futhi.

Idolobha Holly Ilex crenata

Isithombe se-Town Holly Ilex crenata 'Convexa'

ISakhalin Island neKuril Ridge kubhekwa njengezwe lakhe. IGorodny holly ingumuthi omude, ongafika kumamitha ayi-7 ukuphakama. Akuvamile ukubonwa njengesihlahla. Lo mbono uhlobisa kakhulu. Ubukhulu bawo, njenge-boxwood, luhlaza buyathenwa. AmaJapan akhetha umbono omfishane we-holly yedolobha futhi athanda kakhulu ukusika lezihlahla. Esifundeni saseCrimea-eCaucasian, lesi sitshalo sikhula kancane futhi singatheli izithelo.

I-Holly wideleaf Ilex leucoclada

Kutholakala eChina, kune-platinum ebanzi yamaqabunga, kwehlukahlukana kokuqhakaza kwezimbali nokwakheka kwezithelo.

IParaguay Holly Ilex paraguariensis

Holly Paraguayan Ilex paraguariensis isithombe

Igama liyazikhulumela, lesi sitshalo sendabuko eParaguay - izwe elivela enkabeni ye-Afrika lapho isimo sezulu sishisa khona. Kusatshalaliswa e-Uruguay, e-Argentina naseBrazil. Itiye elivela emaqabunga e-Paraguayan holly ibizwa ngokuthi i-mate futhi inezinto zokwelapha. Isiphuzo sinomphumela we-tonic futhi senziwa kabusha ngamaqabunga omisiwe.

Holly Colchis Ilex colchica

Holly Colchis Ilex colchica isithombe

I-shrub ikhula ibe yingxenye yemitha ukuphakama, ibekezelela ngokuphelele izimo zaphakathi neRussia. Amacembe amnyama anesikhumba esinezimpondo emaphethelweni asimboze umqhele. Umbala omnyama ohlaza okotshani wamaqabunga ufakelwa ngokunethezeka ngokukhanya okungaphezulu komhlaba.

I-Hybrid holly

Emasimini angaphansi komhlaba, kukhula ama-holly aqothulayo nezinhlobo zawo ezi-hybrid. I-hybrid, eyayitholakala ngokuwela umgwaqo ojwayelekile waseKorea nge-holly ecijile, yayiba nezimpande ikakhulukazi. Igama laso yi-meserve. Inekungazetheki kweqhwa.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeBlue Made ziyehluka kwezinye ngoba izimbali zobulili obuhlukile zitholakala kwisitshalo esifanayo, yize amaqabunga awo aluhlaza ecwebezelayo futhi engabonakali njengoba, isibonelo, iBlue Angel. Izinhlobo eziningi zinezithelo ezibomvu noma eziphuzi. Zigcinwe kahle ebusika bonke. Ngamagatsha esitshalo (ahlala enezithelo ezinhle), abantu baseNtshonalanga Yurophu bahlobisa izakhiwo zikaKhisimusi.

Holly Mezerva Blue Made isithombe Ukutshala nokunakekela

Izithelo ezinkulu ze-orange eziphikisana nesizinda seqhwa elimhlophe nokuluhlaza kwama-conifers kubukeka buhle kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-salons wezimbali anikezela ngamagatsha ezitshalo ukuhlobisa amalungiselelo wembali.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-holly kusithombe sokuklanywa komhlaba

IHolly iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwama-hedge: Izinhlobo ezimfushane zesici esifushane zinezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa, zikhula kancane futhi zibekezelele izinwele ezingezinhlungu.

I-variegate ephuzi eqonde phambili e-holly arboriferousararar isithombe se-Argentea Marginata Argentea Marginata

Izinhlobo ze-Variegate zithandwa kakhulu, zibonakaliswa ubukhona bomngcele okhanyayo eceleni komngcele wamaqabunga. Izitshalo zibukeka zizinhle kakhulu, kanti amajikijolo aphuzi angajwayelekile.

Izithombe ze-Holly holly variegate Ilex aquifolium 'zesiliva Milkmaid'

Hlunga iSilivere Milkmaid inomumo wamaqabunga angajwayelekile, sengathi asontekile. Umbala oluhlaza obumnyama ngemivimbo ophuzi ophuzi ubukeka umnandi.

Izithombe ze-Holly holly ze-Ilex aquifolium 'zesiliva Milkboy'

Izinhlobonhlobo ezithokozisayo yiSilivere Milkboy enamaqabunga esikhungo esimhlophe esimhlophe nemiphetho eluhlaza emnyama yamaqabunga ama-curly anemiphetho ebunjiwe ebukhali.

UHolly Holly Handsworth New Silver Ilex aquifolium 'Handsworth New Silver' isithombe

Izinhlobonhlobo zeHolly zeHolly ezenziwe ngesandla esisha zithandwa kakhulu - cishe azinameva, amaqabunga anomumo omncane wokuphakama. Izinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene: emaphethelweni amaqabunga apendwe ngombala omhlophe, kepha amajikijolo agcina umbala obomvu okhanyayo. Ngenxa yokuqhathanisa okunjalo, ukuhlukahluka kuhlobisa kakhulu.

Inkosi yegolide engu-Holly Golden Ilex x altaclerensis inkosi yegolide

Umhlobiso wokuqala wensimu nesikwele kuzoba yinkosi yegolide ye-Golden King Ilex x altaclerensis yegolide. Amapheshana amakhulu angajwayelekile anama-denticles amancane, umngcele obanzi ophuzi nxazonke onqenqemeni. Izithelo ezibomvu ezingavuthiwe, ezifana nobuhlalu, zisakazeke emagatsheni.