Uma indawo engaphansi kwedolobha incane, iparele elinomumo wekholomu liba umhlobiso wokuhlobisa futhi liphathe ngezithelo ezinamanzi. Izihlahla ezikhethwe nguM .V. Kachalkin yizihlahla ezincanyana ezifana nezihlahla zamaapula. Igama elijwayelekile lalinamathiselwe eliphakathi. Izihlahla zisatshalaliswa ngokuxhunyelelwa ezitokisini eziqinile ebusika - i-quince ne-irgu. Kepha ungakhula umuthi kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Incazelo Dwarf Pear
Umuthi ophansi ocwebile ubongwa ngesilinganiso esihle sokusinda, kunokuba ushiye kalula. Umuthi okhule kusuka kwisithombo uqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesibili. Ngonyaka wokuqala, iparele elibunjiwe linganikeza isivuno esingafika ku-3 kg wezithelo ezinkulu. Zonke izinhlobo zemfishane ziqinile ebusika futhi azithobeki emhlabathini.
Ezinye izihlahla zikhula ngamamitha ayi-2,5, iningi lamakholomu akhula afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, kepha aminyene nezithelo. Amapheya kubukeka sengathi anamathele esiqwini. Eqinisweni, aboshwe emagatsheni amancane. UCrohn akakhiwa.
Izinzuzo:
- ukungathobeki;
- umkhiqizo;
- ukumelana nezimo ezingezinhle;
- ukubumbana;
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu.
Lesihlahla sidinga ukugawulwa njalo, ukuthambisa okuningi, ukugqoka okuphezulu kweparele lomuntu omdala.
Lesi sihlahla sizizwa sihle endaweni enyinyekile, ukube umoya wasenyakatho awukwenzanga ukuthi unciphe. Izinto zokutshala ezinhle kakhulu yizithombo ezenziwe ngomumo zeparele elingumthengi ezithengiwe e-nursery.
Isitshalo singasakazwa ngokusikwa okuluhlaza. Isithombo esitshalwe ezinhlanyelweni kumele sitshaleke, kungenjalo umdlalo wasendle uzokhula.
Izinhlobo zamapheya amancanyana zimbalwa, kepha ziyahlukahluka. Amaparele omise okoloni wezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuvuthwa anikezwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngokuphila okufushane eshalofini, kuya kwabusika, athola ukunambitheka embhedeni. Izithelo zisetshenziswa okusha futhi ngazo zonke izindlela zokongiwa.
Kodwa-ke, amabanga amade awahlali isikhathi eside. Ukuthatha izithelo kungahlala iminyaka eyi-7-15. Ubude besikhathi somkhiqizo buthintwa yizimo zokuboshwa.
Ukutshala nezimo ezikhulayo zamapheya amancane
Izithombo zamapheya zitshalwa entwasahlobo, emgodini olungiselelwe kusuka ekwindla. Ngasikhathi sinye, ekwindla, umhlaba ukhiqizwa kuphela ngomanyolo we-organic. Umgodi unobukhulu obungama-50 cm, ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla lingamamitha ayi-1 - 1.5. Kuthululelwa ibhakede lamanzi emgqonyeni kadoti owenziwe ngesikhathi sasebusika. Iparele litshalwa endundwini engafakwanga, iqonde izimpande. Fafaza ngesihlabathi, ku-¼ okuqukethe i-granular superphosphate. Kuze kube yilapho umuthi uthoma izimpande, ukuthambisa njalo kuyadingeka. Indawo ye-scion emhlabathini ayingcwatshwa.
Kufanele kube nomhlaba onempilo eduze kwezimpande, kanti nesihlabathi kungufulawa kuphela. Ukunisela umuthi omncane kuyadingeka ngokuhlelekile.
Ukutshala okulula okunjalo kweparele elinekholomu nokunakekela kwalo kwenza lesi sitshalo sibe intandokazi ezingadini eziningi zeSifunda saseMoscow. Uma izimbali zivela ngonyaka wokutshala, kufanele zisuswe ngokuphelele ukuze wonke amabutho aqondiswe ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lwezimpande. Shiya izithelo ezimbalwa ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngonyaka wesithathu, ikholomu izonikeza isivuno esiphelele.
Ukuthenwa kwethanga okwenziwe ngekoloni kuyadingeka minyaka yonke. Kepha ekujuleni kokuthena, kuvela amahlumela amasha. Ukuchazwa kwegolide ukushisa amagatsha aseceleni kwinso lesibili. Uthanda umuthi othela izithelo, umanyolo we-nitrogen kanye namaminerali. I-slurry enhle nenkukhu entsha, kepha engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo.
Ukondliwa kwezikhathi ezintathu ne-urea kuyindlela yeparele enomumo wekholomu. Isikhathi sokuqala sifafazwa emacembe amancanyana. Ukugqoka phezulu kwe-Foliar kuphindwa kaningi ezinye izikhathi zokuphumula emavikini ama-2.
Uma ithini lamapheya liqala ukukhula lincane, khona-ke umuthi ugcwala izitshalo. Isizini ezayo udinga ukwenza umthetho ukuze ungaqedi isihlahla.
Ukulungiswa kweparele elisondelene nobusika kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kokuqina kobusika obumenyezelwe cishe zonke izinhlobo. Ezizinzile kakhulu zivimba ukuqunjelwa kwezithelo kungabandi ku-25 C. Kodwa eSifundeni saseMoscow izinga lokushisa liphansi, kanti nezihlahla ezincane azinamandla kangako.
Ukuvikelwa kudalwa ngezinto zokwakha ezomile:
- lapnik;
- utshani;
- sawdust;
- i-geotextile engalungisiwe.
I-prickly lapnik enamathiselwe esisekelweni izoba yisivikelo kumagundane nase hares. Ukufakwa okuhle kakhulu kuzoba isithwathwa seqhwa.
Izinhlobo ezihle kakhulu zamapheya ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba
Bheka isithombe sethanga elimiswe ngokholomu - isitshalo esingumhlobiso esingavamile esisetshenziswa uthango nokuklanywa kwezinto ezingaphansi komhlaba. Uma unikezwe ukuthi ithini lamapheya ashubile ajabulisa iso kusukela ngoJulayi kuya maphakathi no-Septhemba, kunzima ukushiya ingadi ebumbene. Ukukhetha kahle izinhlobo kuzosiza ekwakheni i-pearl conveyor.
Amabanga ebusika afaka nalawo avuthwa kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari futhi agcinwa cishe bonke ubusika. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlobo Dalikor, Sapphire G1, G3 eyintandokazi ka-Yakovleva.
Amapharele esivunwa ngo-Agasti nasekuqaleni kukaSepthemba agcinwa isikhathi esingangenyanga. Amnandi, aphelelwe ujusi. Isibonelo sezinhlobo ezinjengalezi: Autumn Dream, Tenderness, Decor. Ngo-Agasti, ungakwazi ukujabulela i-g322 eliphakathi kwe-colon ebunjiwe. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyazala, azikhathaleli. Izithelo ezinombala ophuzi, kwesinye isikhathi zinamathele ngokuzungeza isiqu ngokuphelele. Ungagcina isivuno esivuniwe isonto lonke. Isisindo separele elilodwa singama-gramu ayi-200. Ibanga G333 selivele limelele okuhlukahlukene kwekwindla nokunambitheka okuvelele.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ungakwazi ukunambitha amakhasi wekholamu uCarmen, ibanga G5, Uju. Izithelo zifinyelela ku-300 g futhi zinambitheka kakhulu. I-Honey pearl, eyabiwa ngo-1964 ngabazalisi baseSoviet, iyamangaza. Izithelo 290 - 540 g ngepulpiti elimnandi le-juicy zithole isilinganiso samaphuzu angama-4,92 esikalini samaphuzu amahlanu. Ubusika bunzima bungaphezulu kwesilinganiso. Ukukhiqiza kufinyelela ku-110 kg esihlahleni esisodwa. I-Pear Honey iyamelana nezifo ezinkulu, futhi izithelo ziyaqhubeka kuze kube nguFebhuwari. Izinhlobonhlobo zinconyelwa ukulinyelwa ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Noma yiziphi izinhlobo zeparele yikholamu ezibhekwa njengesiFunda saseMoscow, ukukhiqizwa kwazo kuphakeme kakhulu kunesihlahla esikhulu esiqhakaza, kucatshangelwa indawo ehlala kuyo. Kodwa ukunakekela izihlahla ezinamakhompiyutha, ukuzivikela kwisithwathwa kulula kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi eliphakathi kweqiwe lingena ekuqhakaleni izithelo lithambisa ukuntuleka kwempilo yezihlahla ezimfishane. Ungasilinda masinyane isivuno esivela kwisithombo esisha, sihlukane nesihlahla esidala.
Kumapulangwe ezithelo zezimboni, uCarmen ulungile. Ehekteni elilodwa kufanela izitshalo eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Izithelo ezibi ezibomvu ezingama-300 gram zithengiswa njengamakhekhe ashisayo. Futhi i-pearl yokuhlobisa inezithelo eziphuzi ngephunga le-rose. Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana kakhulu nezifo ezinkulu, zibekezelela isimo sezulu saseMoscow.
