Abamele uhlobo lwe-Adiantum oluhlala ezifundeni eziningi zomhlaba bangamafernical herbaceous herbaceous. Njengezitshalo zasendlini, izinhlobo eziningana zisetshenziswa ngamahlamvu aluhlaza angavulekile, obhekwa kahle njengenzuzo eyinhloko kanye nesici esehlukanisayo sohlobo. Ama-adiantums akhule ezimweni zekamelo awafani futhi ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile awalahlekelwa umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa iminyaka eminingi.
Izinwele ze-Adiantum Venus (A. capillus-veneris)
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zama-ferns, owaziwa kakhulu futhi othandekayo ngabatshali bezimbali yizinwele ze-adiantum Venus. Uhlobo olutholakala ngokwemvelo eMedithera, eCrimea naseCaucasus, kanye nakwilizwekazi laseMelika nasemazweni aseNyakatho Afrika naseAsia Minor, lutholakala kalula ekhaya. Eningizimu yeYurophu, ingaphila ubusika nasendaweni evulekile.
Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungaphezu kwengxenye yemitha. Amaqabunga ama-pinnate, asymmetrical, ngobude angakhula afike kuma-20-25 cm. Izingxenye ngazinye ezinesimo se-obovate azidluli ubude obungu-2-3 cm. Ingxenye engenhla yezingxenye ayinqunyelwe futhi imvamisa inesimo somlandeli. Amacembe amaqabunga akhanyayo ahlukaniswa ne-petioles emnyama, ecishe ibe mnyama, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo sathola igama laso.
Emvelweni, izinwele zeVenus zithanda ukuhlala ogwini olunamadwala emifudlana, imifula yezintaba nezinye izidumbu zamanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ekuqongeleleni okuncane kwenhlabathi phakathi kwamatshe, i-rhizome enamandla engaphansi kwemitha ubude isiza isitshalo ukuba sisheshe. Izimpande eziningi ezisizayo ezinamathele emaphethelweni anamatshe, ngakho-ke ungabona i-adiantum yalesi zinhlobo, njengasesithombeni, emaweni aqinile.
Ukuvuthwa kwezinhlaka ezitholakala emaphethelweni ezingxenye zamaqabunga kuqala kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla. Ekhaya, i-fern ekhula kancane imvamisa isatshalaliswa ngokuhlanzayo.
I-adiantum enkulu-ene-leavedum (A. Macrophyllum)
I-adiantum enkulu enamaqabunga eboniswe esithombeni iyifenisha yaphakade enobude obungamasentimitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-50. Emvelweni, izinhlobo zitholakala ngebhande lasezindaweni ezishisayo laseCentral naseNingizimu Melika. I-fern ene-rosette enhle yamaqabunga amakhulu wesimo sesici ingatholwa eceleni kwemigwaqo, ngaphansi kwamabhuloho nasezitaladini.
I-adiantum eyethulwe ingaqashelwa izingxenye zamaqabunga ezikhonjiwe, eduze kwesigaxa lapho kutholakala khona izindawo zokuvuthwa kwesikhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga asencane e-adiantum anombala opinki ongajwayelekile, futhi kuphela amaqabunga amadala agcina eluhlaza okotshani.
Isinyathelo Adiantum (A. pedatum)
Enye yezinhlobo zama-fern ene-high frost ukumelana, evumela ukutshalwa kwe-stopanth adiantum ezingadini ezansi nasenkabeni yeRussia. Amaqabunga alolu hlobo lwe-adiantum aluhlaza, aluhlaza okotshani, anesiqu esimnyama esimnyama. Ukuphakama kwefern yabantu abadala kufinyelela kumamitha angama-0.6, futhi isihlahla sibamba kahle isimo esithandekayo sokukhumbuza umoya. Izingxenye zamaqabunga zisikwa emaphethelweni owodwa, lapho zitholakala khona izindawo zokuqongelela spore.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo nangokwesiko lembiza, ama-ferns alezi zinhlobo akhula kancane, kepha athandwa ngabatshali bezimbali ngokuhlobisa kwabo okukhulu nokungazithobi. Isimo esiyinhloko sokutshala ngempumelelo lolu hlobo lwe-adiantum inhlabathi evulekile, ukuba khona komthunzi nokuchelela okunekhono.
Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezithokozisayo zale fern kubhekwa njenge-adiantum ye-subspecies ye-aleuticum yonyawo.
Ngokwencazelo nesithombe se-adiantum, le nhlobo ihlukaniswa ngesimo sayo esihle nokuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-30. Ububanzi besitshalo esidala bukhulu kakhulu. Emhlabathini, i-fern ibanjwa ngenxa yesigqi esikhulu esinamandla. I-Wii yombala oluhlaza okotshani itholakala ezintanjeni ezimnyama-nsundu. Ishiya kabili i-pinnate, symmetrical. Ama-loble ngamanye eqabunga anendawo eyodwa ekhanyayo ngamazinyo ayindilinga noma amfushane.
I-adiantum venustum (A. venustum)
ENepal nasezweni laseKashmir laseNdiya, umuntu angabona enye inhlobo ye-adiantum ene-obovate, izingxenye ezithile zamaqabunga amaqabunga, amnyama amnyama, ama-petioles ansundu kanye nokuphakama okungaba ngu-40 cm.
Ukubukwa kwe-adiantum, njengasesithombeni, kunokuhlobisa okuphezulu futhi kungasebenza zombili ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi, kanye nokwenza isimo esiyingqayizivele engadini. Isitshalo sisebenza engadini emile mpo. Ukumelana nesithwathwa esiphezulu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule ngefern eningizimu yeRussia emhlabathini ovulekile.
Isimo sezinso se-Adiantum (A. renforme)
Ama-Florists, aqala nje ukujwayelana nezinhlobo zama-adiantum, abheka i-adiantum ebunjwe yizinso, kwesinye isikhathi awakholelwa ukuthi isitshalo esinamaqabunga amise okwenziwe ngehhashi ku-petioles ende siyinduku yefern. Ngempela, isizotha esimangazayo, kepha esigcwele isihlahla somusa asibukeki njengezinwele ezidumile ze-adiantum Venus noma ezinye izinhlobo ezinikezwe isithombe nencazelo ngenhla.
Kutholakala ngesimo sasendle eziqhingini zaseCanary, i-adiantum imise okwenziwe ngezinso, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-5-30. Kunezindawo ezimbili ezingaphansi kwalesi sitshalo.
Ngokusho kwesithombe nencazelo, i-adiantum reniforme iyifernet enkudlwana enamaqabunga afinyelela kumasentimitha ayisikhombisa ububanzi kanye nama-petioles amasentimitha angama-20 ukuphakama. Futhi okubhalwe phansi kwe-pusillum kuncane kabili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokuhlala kwalezi zitshalo ziyefana. Ama-ferns atholakala emthunzini oyingxenye emaphethelweni amatshe anamanzi ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma emithambekeni yolwandle eceleni kolwandle.
I-Adiantum Raddy (A. raddianum)
Endle, i-adiantum yalolu hlobo ingabonakala eSouth America. Amaqabunga ezinwabuzelayo e-adiantum Ruddy ahlukaniswa izingxenye ezakhiwe njengama-wedge, ezihlotshiswe ngomphetho oyindilinga. Izingxenyana zeshidi zingaphezu kwesentimitha. Amaqabunga ngokwawo makhulu, afinyelela ku-45 cm ubude. I-Petioles mncane, i-drooping, nsundu noma icishe ibe mnyama, njengakwezinye izinhlobo zama-adiantums.
Namuhla, abathandi basendlini bangaphakathi ezinhlobonhlobo ze-Ruddy adiantum ezinesimo nombala wamahlamvu angafani nhlobo.
I-Adiantum Raddy Fragrant (A. raddianum Fragrantissimum)
Izinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha futhi ezinhle kakhulu zeferns uRuddy zakha umqhele ongafika kwesigamu semitha. Isicucu se-adiantum sifanekiswa ukwakheka okucatshangelwe kwezigaba zamaqabunga nobuncane bawo obuphansi kuma-petioles amnyama-grey noma ansundu.
I-Adiantum Chilean (A. Chilense)
I-Adiantum Chilean yaqanjwa ngezwe elivela kulo. Ngokwemvelo, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ubukhulu obungama-30-40 cm.
Ekhaya, umbono we-adiantum okhonjiswe esithombeni ungatholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000. UFern uzizwa kahle futhi ezigodini nasemithambekeni yezintaba ebanzi.
I-adiantum yaseChile ibekezelela kahle izimo zesimo sezulu sehlathi elinomswakama, lapho amakhefu phakathi kwezinkathi zemvula engaphezulu kwenyanga. Lolu hlobo lwe-fern lukhula ezindaweni ezomile, lapho isomiso singathatha izinyanga ezinhlanu.
I-Adiantum Ethiopian (A. aethiopicum)
Ngaphandle kwegama, ungayibona ngokwemvelo i-adiantum ekhonjiswe esithombeni, hhayi kuphela ogwini lwase-Afrika, kodwa e-Australia naseNew Zealand.
Ama-petioles amaqabunga amnyama ngezansi. Phezulu esihlahleni, baguqula umbala ube nsomi onsomi. Izingxenye zibanzi, zenziwe ngesigaxa sangohlaka oluqinile, cishe oluyindilinga. Umbala wama-greens ukhanya. Ukuphakama okuphelele kwe-fern kufinyelela amasentimitha angama-50.
