I-Asplenium noma i-Kostenets iyi-fern ekhula cishe kuyo yonke indawo emhlabeni futhi inezinhlobo eziningi. Iningi lama-asplenium ngama-epiphytes - akhula ezingxenyeni zezinye izitshalo, kepha hhayi izinambuzane.
Bahlukaniswa kwamanye amafeni ngensimbi enkulu, ephelele, yewavy, ekhanyayo eluhlaza (amaqabunga) efomu le-xiphoid. Ubude beqabunga bungadlula i-65 cm, futhi enkabeni yabo kukhona ama-brown shrak flaunts, lapho izikejana zigijimela ezinhlangothini.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Ekhaya, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-10 ze-asplenium ezikhulayo.
I-Asplenium bulbiferous (Asplenium bulbiferum) weza kithi evela e-Australia, eNdiya. Unemibala emincane emithathu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ine-petiole emnyama efinyelela ku-30 cm ubude.
Isidleke se-Asplenium (i-Asplenium nidus) zasendle ezatholakala e-Afrika, ePolynesia, e-Asia. Lesi yi-epiphyte. Ine-rhizome enamandla ne-xiphoid wai enamandla, esekhulile, ifana nesitsha (lokhu kwaqanjwa igama lesiNgisi elijwayelekile "Inkukhu esidlekeni" - isidleke senyoni).
I-Asplenium viviparous (Asplenium viviparum) izwe lakubo yiMadagascar. Ama -iyiiyi ama-cirrus amabili noma amane, amade, agobile, anezigaba eziningi zemigqa emincane efinyelela ku-1 cm ubude ne-1 mm ububanzi.
I-Asplenium crispy wave (English "crisp wave") yesiNgisi imvelaphi yase-asia esempumalanga. Inamaqabunga aluhlaza okhanyayo aqoqwe ezisekelweni, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi akhule kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu kukhula kububanzi ukwakheka okungapheli kwamaqabunga amasha enkabeni yefern.
I-Asplenium scolopendrium (Asplenium scolopendrium) weza kithi evela eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ifana kakhulu nethambo lesidleke. Ungathola amagama anjengokuthi "Ulimi lwe-deer" kanye nephepha le-scolopendra. Ama-Wii abunjiwe ngebhande, akhula aye phezulu, kepha ngokwanda kosayizi. Imiphetho iwavy noma ijika.
Asplenium trichomanes ikhula eNyakatho Melika, e-Eshiya, e-Afrika. Phansi uma uyiqhathanisa nabazalwane abaningi, ifinyelela kuma-cm angama-20 kuphela. Ama-Vaiy aphinyene, mancane, ngalinye linamaqabunga amaqabunga amaningi.
I-Asplenium yasendulo (Asplenium antiquum) indawo okwazalelwa kuyo leli thambo yi-East Asia. Ngenxa yokwanda kwayo eJapan, ibizwa ngokuthi "isidleke saseJapan". Amahlamvu kancane wavy, cirrus. Ngokuvamile, kufana ne-viviparous.
Emakamelweni kukhula ezinamandla kakhulu, izidleke namathambo asendulo. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, zonke lezi zinhlobo zinomehluko wazo, futhi lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-Asplenium
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube ngokulinganayo - iBonesman ayithandi ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ngoba ngenxa yayo, i-wye die off. Kungcono ukubeka i-fern emafasiteleni asenyakatho noma enkabeni yegumbi. Ukukhanyisa kungahlakazeka, kepha kungcono ukugcina isitshalo emthunzini.
Izinga lokushisa liyadingeka lifudumele, kepha alikho ngokweqile, kungcono kakhulu ukuligcina liyi-18-22 ° C. Ebusika, akumele uvumele amazinga okushisa abe ngaphansi kuka-14, ngaphandle kwalokho imbali izokufa. Okusalungiswa okuyingozi kakhulu, uthuli.
Kudingeka umoya ompunga - cishe u-60%. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, sivame ukufafaza isitshalo. Kuzoba wusizo ukubeka ibhodwe emgqonyeni wamatshe amatshe amatshe noma nge-peat eluhlaza.
Ebusika, zama ukufafaza nsuku zonke ngamanzi afudumele. Kepha uma upholile, khona-ke le nqubo incishiswa kangcono ukuvikela isikhunta.
Udinga ukunisela isitshalo njalo - amahlandla ama-2-3 izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, ebusika 1. Umhlabathi kufanele ugcinwe umswakama, kepha hhayi ngokweqile, noma izimpande zibole. Sebenzisa ukuchelela namanzi afudumele ukuchelela.
Gcoba i-asplenium yelulekwe entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kanye izinsuku eziyishumi nane, kepha thela ikhambi kabili lokho kukhonjisiwe kwimiyalo.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ikakhulu njalo ngeminyaka emibili, ama-ferns amancane njalo ngonyaka (kukhiqizwa uma imbiza iye inyinyekile). Benza ukuhlinzwa entwasahlobo, izingxenye ezifile zezimpande ziyasuswa, futhi abaphilayo kufanele baphathwe ngokucophelela kakhulu - bakhula kancane.
Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele isuswe, i-acidic encane, i-peat nge-turf. Ukufakwa kwe-sphagnum namalahle kuzoba usizo.
Akukalulekanga ukuba unciphise i-waii ngokungadingekile - kuphela esimweni sokufa.
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Asplenium
Ukuze kwenziwe kabusha i-asplenium, izinhlamvu, ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes nezinso ze-brood kusetshenziswa.
Ngendlela yokuqala, i-fern isatshalaliswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isitsha esinokushisa ngezansi (udinga ukugcina izinga lokushisa lisondele ku-21 ° C).
Izingxabano ziyahlakazwa zisuka kuma-hlezi futhi zitshaleke emhlabathini ukuze kuhlwanyelwe imbewu, ngaphandle kokunamathela, ziyaniselwa futhi zibeka ingilazi phezulu.
Isitsha sibekwa ebumnyameni, sinikeze umoya nsuku zonke kuze kube yilapho izinhlamvu ziqhuma. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwamasonto amane kuya kwayi-12.
Ngemuva kwalokho amabhodwe anezithombo abekwa endaweni ekhanyayo. Lapho-ke izitshalo ziyaqhekeka, zizishiya zilukhuni. Kungekudala, izihlalo sezikulungele ukufakelwa - izitshalo ezimbalwa ndawonye.
Ukuzala kabusha ngokwahlukana kwe-rhizome nakho kwenziwa entwasahlobo - ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Okokuqala bathola ukuthi mangaki amaphuzu okukhula esihlahleni. Uma kukhona abambalwa noma oyedwa wabo, ukwahlukaniswa ngeke kwenziwe.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi ngemuva kokwehlukana, ama-ossicles awaqali ukukhula.
Uma izinhlobo zakho zitholakala bukhoma, khona-ke kuvela amashubhu emithanjeni, kuzovela ukuqhuma kwamahlumela.
Kulezi, izitshalo zendodakazi ziyakhula. Ngemuva kwalokho ziyanyamalala futhi zingagxila. Kuvunyelwe ukumane wephule izinso.
