Izinyathelo zokulwa nokulimana kwezinso ku-currant

IBlackcurrant iyakhula futhi ithele izithelo endaweni ngayinye yasemadolobheni. Izici zalo ezizuzisayo azinakuphikwa. Kepha, njengezinye izilimo zasengadini, kutholakala ukuthi ungalimala ngezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-currant bud. Isihloko esihlongozwayo sichaza izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuvikela i-berry ekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane nezindlela zokulwa nayo.

Isobho sezinso currant

I-Kidney currantick isho imikhaza enezinyawo ezine. Kunzima kakhulu ukubabona ngenxa yobukhulu bemicroscopic yabo. Ubukhulu bangaphandle bezimonyo zezinso zezinsikazi ezindala zingama-0,2 mm, kanti abesilisa bancane kakhulu. Isidumbu se-currant mite simhlophe, simise okomhlana, siyindilinga, sinemilenze emine. Imilenze yakhiwa izingxenye, yingakho igama elithi arthropods. Ngosizo lwezinto zokubhoboza umlomo o-sucking, imikhaza imunca ujusi wezitshalo, uzibulale.

I-currant bud, ethintwa umkhaza we-currant yezinso, esigabeni. © Ötökkätieto

Umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kokukhishwa kwezinso

Umanyolo we-currant bud ulimaze ubusika ezinso. Indawo yokuhlala evaliwe iyabavikela emaqandeni ebusika nakwezinye izinhlekelele zezulu.

Entwasahlobo, lapho umoya ufudumala uze ufike ku-5 ° С, izibungu zezinso zezinso zezinhlanzana ziqala ukubeka amaqanda kakhulu. Owesifazane oyedwa uyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angaba ngu-8,000. Esingweni esisodwa, ngasikhathi sinye, kungatholakala abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-8, okwenza izinso lidumbeke futhi libe njengethanga elincanyana. Esigabeni, ipea elinje lifana neklabishi eliqhekezayo leklabishi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kweqanda le-intra-ama-larva we-currant tick yezinso kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-6-12. Intsha enamakhwapha, ngokusebenzisa izinyembezi "zembuzi" ngesikhathi kuvulwa ihlumela, ingeniswa ezinso ezinempilo futhi iqale ukuzondla. Suck ushukela we amahlumela amasha, izimbali kanye efihlekile imifino, kuholela ekufeni kwezitshalo ezingakagcwaliseki zezitho. Ukuhlaliswa kabusha kwezinsikazi ezisencane nezibungu ze -ick currantickick kuhlala isikhathi esingangenyanga, kuhlangana nesigaba sokuqala nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Ngalesi sikhathi, babonwa ngamehlo. Iqembu lezidalwa ezinambithekayo lidluliselwa kwamanye amahlahla ngomoya, ngezingubo, nangemvula.

Kuyingozi kangakanani ukukhosela izinso?

Ngokwezinga lokulimala kwe-currant mite yezinso, badluliselwa eqenjini lezilokazane eziyingozi kakhulu zezithelo nezithelo zemifino. Ngonyaka owodwa, umkhaza wezinsikazi onezinso ongu-1 wesifazane unika izizukulwane ezi-5 (2 intwasahlobo no-3 ehlobo-ekwindla), okuyizinambuzane ezingaba yinkulungwane eziyi-15- 40. Ngenqubo yokuthuthuka, izibungu ze-currant yezinso zashintshwa ukuze zikwazi ukubekezelela ukwakheka kwezulu ezimweni ezivikelwe (izinso, amahlumela, amageyimu, njll.), Olwenza kube nzima ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane. Umzimba owakhiwe othembekile uthembeke kangangokuba uma izindlela zokuzivikela zekhadinali zingathathwanga, lo bheri (omnyama, obomvu, omhlophe omhlophe kanye nojamu) ungafa isizini eyodwa.

Izimpawu zomonakalo wezinso currant mite

I-currant yezinso ithinta ikakhulukazi ukuhluma kwezitshalo. Ngo-ekwindla, okonakele, izinso ezilimele zanda ngosayizi bese ziqala ukuhluka ngokubukeka kunempilo.

Emahlathini angama-currant athinteka yi-currant mite ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga, izinhlobo ezimbili zamahlumela zihlukaniswe kahle:

• Amaqabunga aphilile, imbali evuthiwe evamile, enamaqabunga ayindilinga nobude, embozwe yizikali ezingaphandle eziminyene.
• Iziguli - ziyavuvukala, ziyindilinga, zifana nekhanda leklabishi elincinciwe. Zihlatshwa inqwaba yemikhaza yabesifazane abavuthiwe ebusika abakulungele ukuzalaniswa ekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esifudumele.

Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo:

• ushintsho esimweni, usayizi nombala wamaqabunga eziqongweni zamahlumela amasha kuyesabisa.
• Iqabunga leqabunga liba rough, lesikhumba ngokuthinta, ukukhanya ngombala, futhi kungahle kukhubazeke.
• Ukuphunyuka kuyayeka ukuthuthuka. Imishanelo yabathakathi iyavela ezihlahleni. Lokhu ukutheleleka ngegciwane kwezitshalo, abathwali kuzo, kanye nezinye izinambuzane, kuyizinsana zomkhaza. Zidlulisela izifo ezifana nalesi sifo njengokubuyiselwa kwamaqabunga nezimbali eziphindwe kabili. Akukho ukwelashwa. Izitshalo ezigulayo ziyabhubhisa.

Izinyathelo zokulawula izinso

Kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana ne-cur curite mite, echitha cishe impilo yayo yonke ngaphakathi kwezinso. Isibalo esikhulu sezibungu ezisengozini singabhujiswa ngokuphathwa ngama-pesticides ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwabo. Kepha, uma kunikezwe isikhathi sokuhlala kabusha (ukuqhakaza nezimbali), ukucubungula akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukungcola okunezinambuzane ezizuzisayo (izinyosi, ama-bumblebees) kuyaqhubeka. Ngakho-ke, imikhaza ye-currant yezinso ihlukaniswa njengezinambuzane eziyingozi ikakhulukazi. Amasu wokubhujiswa okusebenzayo kokhokho be-currant yezinso ayenziwa esikhathini ngaphambi kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuvuna.

Zonke izinhlobo zokulawulwa kokukhishwa kwe-currant yezinso ku-currant zingahlukaniswa:

• ukuvikela;
• i-agrotechnical;
• amakhemikhali;
• kwemvelo;
• abantu.

Isihlahla esine-currant sithintekile yi-currant yezinyo mite. © sumiagro

Ukuvimbela Imikhaza

Izindlela zokuvimbela ukulwa nama-currant zezinso zihlanganisa:

• ukulungiswa kwesiza ngaphandle kokhula;
• Ukusula ama-berry kusuka emigqonyeni kadoti;
• ukuthenwa kokuhlanzeka kokuhlanzeka ekwindla nasentwasahlobo;
• ukukhiqiza kabusha kuphela ngezinto zokutshala ezinempilo.

Imicimbi ye-Agrotechnical

Ukunisela ngesikhathi, ukwelashwa okuphezulu kanye nokwelashwa kwezitshalo, okuzokhulisa ukungasebenzi kwezitshalo emiphumeleni elimazayo yezinambuzane.

Ngokutshala nokuzalanisa, sebenzisa izinhlobo kuphela ezihlaselwe, izinambuzane.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinto zokutshala zingathinteki inkathazo. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, ungangehlisa i-sapling noma isiqu esinezimpande amahora angama-18-20 ngokuphelele kwisisombululo esisebenzayo esilungiselelwe kusuka ku-agrovertin (10 g) kanye nesibabule se-colloidal (40 g) kumalitha ayi-10.

Ungatshala izithombo kanye namahlumela anezimpande ngaphambi kokutshala, ubambe emanzini ashisayo (+ 40 ... + 45 ° C akusekho) imizuzu engu-15;

Izibungu zemikhaza ye-currant yezinso azibekezeleli umswakama ophezulu. Le ndawo ingasetjenziswa futhi, ekuqalisweni kokuqala kokukhipha izibungu (isizukulwane sokuqala sentwasahlobo), ukuncibilikisa amabhele.

Njalo ngonyaka, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ekuqaleni kukaMashi), kuma-buds okulala, phatha abamnyama, obomvu nabamhlophe (ama-currant kuphela) ama-currant bush ngomlilo.

Inqubo: Ngemuva kokuthenwa kokuhlanzeka nokunciphisa amahlahla e-currant ene-blowtorch noma i-burner yegesi ebangeni elingama-8-10 cm, chitha izikhathi ezi-2-3 kusuka phezulu kuya ezansi eceleni kwamagatsha, ngaphandle kokuma, ukuze ungashisi amagatsha. Ukushisa ngomlilo kuzobhubhisa ama-aphid kanye neminye imikhaza ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo. Umlilo ngeke uzilimaze izinso ezinempilo, ezimbozwe yizikali ezishubile eziphakeme. Izinso ezigulayo zigudlekile, isembozo sidwengulwa ngokwanda kwezinso izinambuzane ezibekela amaqanda wenzalo ezizayo. Basengozini enkulu ngalesi sikhathi futhi umlilo (ukushisa okuphezulu) uyasha futhi kubangele ukufa kwe "abaqashi" abangafuneki. Vele, ngale ndlela, akubona bonke abantu besifazane abafayo, kodwa imisebenzi yabo incipha kakhulu.

Esikhathini esifanayo, esikhundleni sokwelashwa ngomlilo, ama-currant bush ang "athengwa "nge-shishi eshisayo, achitha amabhakede amanzi angama-1,0-1.2 esihlahleni esikhulu.

Inqubo: Lapho kusetshenzwa ehlathini, kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukuthambisa ngesifutho. Thela amanzi abilayo esitsheni. Ngaphezulu kwesihlahla, kusuka cishe ukuphakama kuka-15-20 cm, geza isihlahla. Emazingeni okushisa komoya ophansi, amanzi abilayo abilayo, lapho ugcwalisa isifafaza bese kuthi amanzi afinyelele esihlahleni, apholise aze afike ku + 60 ... + 70 ° С. Ukushisa okunjalo isitshalo ngeke sikulimaze, kepha kuzokonakalisa ingxenye yezinambuzane (umgomo wokusebenza uyefana nangokwelashwa ngomlilo) nokutheleleka ngefungal.

Ukubhujiswa ngokomzimba kokukhishwa kwezinso

Lapho kuthathwa intwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela igatsha ngalinye le-currant. Uma kune-buds evuvukala engu-1-2 egatsheni, iyakhishwa bese ifakwa esikhwameni, esivele sishiswe. Uma inani lezinso elikhuphukile lingama-4-6, futhi lihlakazekile kulo lonke igatsha, kufanele lisikwe futhi lishiswe. Lokhu kubhujiswa okungokomzimba kwe-tick currantickick kuyasebenza, ikakhulukazi uma le nqubo yenziwa minyaka yonke entwasahlobo nasekwindla.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali nezinye izidakamizwa ukucekela phansi izimbuzane zezinso

Izindlela ezilandelayo zokubhubhisa i-currant mite yezinsana aziphephile kumnikazi, umndeni wakhe, izilwane ezifuywayo nezinyoni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-pesticides ukuqothula umkhaza, kubalulekile ukulungiselela ngokucophelela, ukutadisha, ngokusho kwezincwadi ezikhethekile, umphumela kanye nokufinyeleleka kwamakhemikhali, ukusebenza kwawo, ukuphindaphinda kwesicelo nezincomo zobuchwepheshe zokuqalisa.

Icubungula imvamisa

Uma wephula izidingo zemiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi, ukusebenza kwawo kungancishiswa kube ngu-zero.

Umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwekhreyithi ye-currant yezinso incike emazingeni okushisa angaphandle. Ukuqala kokusebenza okusebenzayo kwesibungu sezinso se-currant tick kuqala ekushiseni komoya okungu- + 10 ... + 12 ° С, kepha ukukhululwa kwabo kanye nokufuduka kungenzeka ngezinsuku ezingama-25, kuze kube yilapho umoya ufudumala uze ufike + 18 ° С. Lapho kukhuphuka izinga lokushisa lomoya, ifushane isikhathi kusuka ekwakhiweni kwesibungu esihlelekile eqandeni, esizongena ekuhlakuleni okusha emahlathini omdabu nawomakhelwane (Ithebula 1).

Ithebula 1. Izikhathi zokwelashwa nezidakamizwa ezilwa ne-renal currantick

Ukushisa komoya ° C	Isikhathi sentuthuko, izinsuku	Icubungula isikhawu, izinsuku
+12… +18	25-30	8-12
+20	20	10
+25	10	5
+30	6	3

Inani lokwelashwa ebangeni lokushisa kufanele okungenani libe kathathu:

• Ukwelashwa kokuqala kubhubhisa insikazi yabantu abadala yohlobo lwezinyo currant yezinkukhu kanye nezibungu ezihlotshisiwe (ukumelana nokubanda). Amanye amaqanda awanaso isikhathi sokuhamba ngomjikelezo wokukhula;
• ngokuqala kokushisa, igagasi lesibili lezibungu liqeda umjikelezo wokuthuthuka. Uma isikhathi sokulashwa singagcinwa (sekwedlule isikhathi ngokuphathwa kwezihlahla), izibungu zinesikhathi sokushintsha zibe yimikhaza yabantu abadala bese zibeka iqanda lesibili lokulala.
• ukuphepha kokwelashwa kwesithathu. Ukusinda ezintanjeni zezinsikazi ezinamaqabunga amancane kungabeka amaqanda, okuzonikeza ukuqubuka okusha kokutheleleka kwezihlahla ezihlahleni.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa ukufuduka kokuqala kwezibungu zethambo le-currant yezinso. Babonakala ngeso elinqunu ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemuva kokucubungula izihlahla, ngokuzayo, qapha izinga lokushisa futhi uqaphele isikhathi sokulungisa. Isibonelo: izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ebangeni lika + 20 ... 25 ° C - isikhathi sokulashwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-8-10.

Izinso ezi-currant ezithintekile yi-currant yezinso mite. © Christina

Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala izinambuzane ngokumelene nokukhishwa kwezinso

"Abathandi" besinyathelo esisheshayo, unganikeza amakhemikhali ambalwa ekwelapheni izitshalo.

Imikhaza ngama-arachnids, ngakho-ke ayibhujiswa yimithi ebulala izinambuzane, kepha yi-acaricidal and immunetoacaricidal.

Sicela wazi! Kusebenzisa amakhemikhali uma kusetshenziswe ngokungafanele kungaba yingozi empilweni yakho. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka:

• qaphela izindlela zokuphepha zomuntu siqu (amagilavu, izibuko, isigqoko, isivivinyo noma ukugqoka okungamasendla amaningi, ingubo yokugqoka);
• landela ngokucacile izidingo zemiyalo;
• Ukushintshana kwamalungiselelo entwasahlobo nokwindla kunconywa ukuthi kuguqulwe ukuze kungabi nomthelela omubi.

Isikhathi esibuthakathaka kakhulu sokukhishwa kwe-currant yezinso ukuhambisa kabusha izibungu ezindaweni ezintsha. Esigabeni sokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza kwamaqabunga, igagasi lokuqala lezibungu ezibunjiwe ze-currant mite zingena esikhaleni esivulekile.

Ukuhamba kumasimu amasha kuthatha amasonto ayi-2-3. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho kufanele ufeze ubuncane bokufafaza okungu-2 ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-8 kuya kwezi-12.

Emithini yokubulala izinambuzane ngokumelene ne-currant mite, amalungiselelo e-acaricidal asetshenziswa ngalesi sikhathi:

• I-Endor;
• I-Forbid 4F;
• INissoran;
• IVertimek;
• I-Actelik;
• Ama-Kontos.

Isikhathi esilandelayo sokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ngokumelana nezinambuzane ezinama-currant izimithi ukuphathwa kwezihlahla ngemuva kokuvunwa okugcwele (ukuze izingane zingadli amajikijolo wokugcina amnandi avela ezihlahleni). Kunconywa njengamanje ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-acaricidal ngomphumela onamandla:

• I-BI-58;
• I-Rogor-C;
• IPhosphamide;
• ILanga Might;
• Nitrafen.

Ukwelashwa kwesalfure nge-currant

Emalungiselelweni wesibabule ngokulwa nezinyo currant mite, i-colloidal sulfure (Sulfaride), karbofos asetshenziswa. Bangakwazi ukucubungula izihlahla nenhlabathi ezungeze kuze kuphele izimbali. Isixazululo sesibabule se-colloidal silungiswa ngesilinganiso se-10 g somuthi, kanye ne-malathion 75 g nge-10 l yamanzi. Isalfure kude nesidakamizwa esingenabungozi futhi, kumthamo osetshenzisiwe, ungadala ukushiswa kwamaqabunga asemancane kanye nokungcola kwawo. Ngakho-ke, ukufafaza kabusha (ngemuva kokuqhakaza) kwenziwa nesixazululo esinokuphindaphindwa kwezikhathi ezi-2. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu kusuka ekusebenzeni kwezihlahla ze-currant ngezixazululo zesibabule se-colloidal kuboniswa kumazinga okushisa angaphansi kwe + 20 ° С.

Ama-currants akha isivuno ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi umphumela womuthi ungahlala isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, amalungiselelo wamakhemikhali asetshenziswa kanye, kuphela esigabeni sokunwetshwa kwe-bud nokuqala kokuqothuka kwesisindo. Ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwe-pesticides akuvunyelwe. Kudingeka ushintsho ekusetshenzisweni kwezindlela eziningi ezisindisa impilo yabantu ekubhujisweni kwezinambuzane.

Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo yokulwa ne-cur curick tick

Ama-Bioacaricides angasebenza njengezindlela ezinjalo. Akhiwa ngesisekelo sezinto ezinhle zesikhunta namagciwane futhi azinabungozi ebantwini. Kanye nohlu olukhulu lwezinto ezinhle ze-bioacaricides ne-bioinsectoacaricides, kukhona imikhawulo ekusebenziseni kwazo. Into esemqoka ukuthi umsebenzi wezidakamizwa uyasebenza emazingeni okushisa aphakeme (+ 15 ... + 19ºС). Esikhathini sezulu esibandayo esinemimoya, esivame ukwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, asinamsebenzi. Uma intwasahlobo isanda kuqala, inamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-acaricidal kusebenza kakhulu.

Kuma-biioacaricides adume kakhulu yilawa:

• i-bicol;
• i-boverine;
• bitoxibacillin;
• ipyto ipulazi;
• Isi-Acarin

Le mishanguzo isetshenziswa ngesikhawu ngokuya ngokushisa okukhona, kuze kube sekupheleni kokuqhakaza nangemva kokuvuna. Izidakamizwa kumele zishintshwe. Zihambelana kahle ekuxubeni kwethangi ngama-biofungicides. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokulungiselela ingxube yethangi, kubalulekile ukuhlola amalungiselelo wokuhambisana, ikakhulukazi amasha. Izindlela zokufaka nokucwilisa ziyakhonjiswa kwiphakheji. Ungaphambuki ezincomeni; ukuzimela ngeke kulethe impumelelo.

Ethintekile yi-currant yezinso zezinwele, ama-currant buds esihlahleni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokupheka zabantu ngokumelene nomaki wezinso currant

Abanye abalimi abanolwazi ngokulwa nama-currant budites bancoma ukuthi entwasahlobo ebandayo, ngaphambi kokuvela kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-biioacaricidal, phatha izitshalo nge ukumnika:

• ugarlic
• ikhasi le-anyanisi;
• ugwayi
• izembozo eziluhlaza zama-walnuts noma ukumnika ubusika amaqabunga awo awileyo.

Ungatshala ama-berry ehlathini ngegalikhi noma anyanisi we-perennial. Imikhaza inyanyeka iphunga labo. Balahlekelwa yikhono lokuzalela. Kepha uma usebenzisa amakhemikhali ukwelapha ama-bush, u-anyanisi kanye no-anyanisi awanconywa ukuthi usetshenziswe ekudleni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo amakhambi ukulawula izinambuzane akuyona i-panacea. Okwesikhashana, bangehlisa ijubane ukukhiqizwa kwezinambuzane, kepha bangaziqedi.

Gcina imvelo!

Indlela yakudala yokuqothula izinambuzane yasungulwa ngemvelo uqobo.Njalo inkathazo emvelweni inezitha zemvelo, ama-entomophages, anciphisa ngempumelelo inani lezinambuzane zezitshalo. Lalelisisa izisebenzi ezincane zezithelo zezihlahla nezithelo zomhlobiso. Lapho usebenzisa amakhemikhali, khumbula ukuthi ushabalalisa izilwane ezizuzisayo.

Ukulimala kubulala izinambuzane eziwusizo:

• i-ladybug (i-stethors);
• bug carnivorous;
• umkhaza we-carnivorous;
• intambo;
• ama-chalcides (abagibeli bezinambuzane);
• phytoseyulyus;
• enkarsia
• indiza yabesifazane nabanye.

Imininingwane engaphezulu ngemikhaza ye-herbivorous ingatholwa esihlokweni esithi "Ama-Tick - ppy herbivorous plies."

Bafundi abathandekayo! Uzijwayeze izindlela eziphambili zokubhubhisa umkhaza wezinso, okubangela ukulimala okukhulu ezitshalweni ze-berry. Akuzona zonke izindlela ezingenangozi kubantu, ezilwaneni, ezinambuzaneni ezizuzisayo. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma iyiphi yezidakamizwa ezihlongozwe endatshaneni noma ezithengiwe, zijwayeze ngokucophelela ngesenzo sazo bese unquma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwaso kukufanele yini. Ukukhetha kungokwakho. Sinikeze izindlela zakho zokuvikela amajikijolo kulokhu nezinye izinambuzane kumazwana akokuqukethwe.