Kukhona izitshalo ezimbalwa kakhulu zokwelapha ezinokubukeka okuhle kokuhlobisa, kepha ukunakekelwa kweKalanchoe okwenzeka ekhaya, lesi sitshalo. Inani lezinhlobonhlobo zalesi simbali, elingelomndeni uCrassulaceae (Crassulaceae), lingaphezu kwama-200 izinhlobo.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
I-Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe) - i-perennialfulful, enokuphakama ngamasentimitha ambalwa ukuya kumamitha ama-4, kuya ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo. Phakathi kwabamele lolu hlobo kukhona izitshalo nezihlahla ze-herbaceous, kanye nama-epiphytes nemivini.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zitshalo zivamile eziqhingini zaseMadagascar, eNew Guinea, endaweni esishisayo yase-Australia naseMelika, kanye nasezindaweni ezishisayo zaseAsia.
Isitshalo sinamaqabunga anamafutha futhi amnandi, ama-petioles noma ama-sessile. Izimbali zakhona ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence amise okomuntu omise okwehlukene ngezimbali, atholakala kakhulu e-apex, ngokuvamisile ezinhlangothini zesitshalo. Umbala wezimbali ungaba onsomi, umhlophe, uphuzi, ubomvu okhanyayo. Iqhakaza kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, imvamisa esikhathini sekwindla-nobusika, lapho ufuna ukwengeza imibala empilweni.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Kalanchoe Behar (Kalanchoe conductrensis) - isitshalo se-herbaceous zisetshenziswa sineziqu ezingabunjiwe. Ezindaweni zokuqinisa amaqabunga awileyo ezihlahleni, kutholakala izibazi.
Amaqabunga alezi zinhlobo avele kancane noma acishe aphelele, abe yi-pubescent, enenhlanganisela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enxantathu noma emile okwe-wedge. Ubude bamaqabunga buyi-10-20 cm, ububanzi buyi-5-10 cm. Ama-inflorescences ayizambulela, asendaweni ephakeme.
Izimbali zincanyana, zibomvu, ziphuzi. Ulayini wezinsimbi zomugqa wolayini, i-corolla pitcher-shape. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le nhlobo yiMadagascar. Isitshalo sihlobisa kakhulu futhi kufanelekile ukugcina emakamelweni apholile.
Kalanchoe Blossfeld (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana) - enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezinhle. Kuvela naseMadagascar.
Imbali ingaphansi (kufika ku-30 cm), iqhekeza, ihlumela elinegatsha elincane. Amaqabunga alezi zinhlobo ama-ovoid, abushelelezi, aluhlaza ngombala omnyama anemiphetho ebomvu ye-wavy. Ubude bamaqabunga bungafika ku-7 cm, ububanzi - bube ku-4 cm. Izimbali eziningi, ukuya ku-1 cm ubukhulu futhi cishe ziyizi-1,3 cm ubude, ziqokelelwa kuma-inflorescence abunjwe ngesambulela.
Iqhakaza isikhathi eside futhi ngokuningi, imvamisa kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMeyi. Izimbali zesitshalo sokuqala zibomvu. Abafuyi bezimbali bavune amafomu amasha engadi nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zeKalanchoe Blossfeld, beshaya izimbali zabo eziqhakazile nezihlobisayo zezimbali ezimhlophe, ophuzi, orenji, opinki nezimbali onsomi.
Kalanchoe Benta (Kalanchoe bentii) noma Kalanchoe bristle iqabunga - Isihlahla esinamandla esinamagatsha anamandla aphansi, afinyelela kumitha eli-1 ukuphakama. Amacembe aminyene, makhulu (afinyelela ku-40 cm ubude), ayindilinga, akhula ngamabili ayi-6.
Izimbali ezimhlophe, ezinobude obungafika ku-2,5 cm, ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescences-umbrellas. Amaphalishi wezimbali angama-ovate emuva, ishubhu le-corolla livuvukele phansi nengxenye ubude njengama-petals. Isikhathi sezimbali ngu-Ephreli-Meyi.
Izwe lasekhaya liyingxenye eseningizimu yeNhlonhlo yase-Arabia. Isitshalo sihlobisa kakhulu futhi sikhula kahle emagumbini apholile.
UKalanchoe wazizwa (Kalanchoe tomentosa), evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izindlebe zekati" - izihlahlana ezihleliwe ezinamahlumela amakhulu we-pubescent. Amaqabunga acwebezelayo, ama-ovlong-ovate, wonke-onqenqemeni, anobude obungafika ku-6 cm nobubanzi obufika ku-1,6 cm.
I-inflorescence ebunjwe ngesambulela iqukethe izimbali ezincane ezinamaphilitha ayi-12 wamamitha ne-corolla tube. Isitshalo esinezimbali ezihlobisa kakhulu, izwe lakubo liyingxenye ephakathi neMadagascar.
Kalanchoe Degremona (Kalanchoe daigremontiana) noma Briefillum Degremona (Bryophyllum daigremontianum) - herbaceous zisetshenziswa, kuze kube yingxenye yemitha ukuphakama, izwe lakubo liyisiqhingi saseMadagascar. Amaqabunga anamanzi, a-oval-oval ngesimo, aze afike ku-10 cm ubude, apendwe kancanyana emthanjeni ophakathi nendawo, onqenqemeni olucwengekile.
Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lweqabunga limpunga ngokuluhlaza okwenziwe amabala onsomi, olungezansi lwenziwe isigaxa. Izimbali ziqoqwe ngopiki, zibe nezinsimbi ezingamamitha ayi-0.7 cm nethambo le-corolla elingama-1,7 cm ubude, apendwe ngombala opinki. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza okugcwele yizinyanga zobusika.
Lolu hlobo lwentaba ngeye-viviparous, njengakuma-Delesses asemaphethelweni amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqabunga "azalwa", lapho kwakhiwa khona izingane ezincane ezinezimpande zasemoyeni lapha. Ukuwa kude neqabunga bese liwela emhlabathini, izingane zisuka ngokushesha futhi ziqale ukukhula ngokushesha okuzimele.
Kalanchoe zemabula (Kalanchoe marmorata) - izihlahla ezingama-50-amasentimitha, ezaziwa nangokuthi Kalanchoe ezinkulu-flow nomaIsiSomaliya. Amaqabunga alezi zinhlobo angama-8-10 cm ubude, i-ovoid yangemuva, i-tapering ezansi, ngomphetho ongabaliwe.
Umbala oluhlaza wamaqabunga ekugcineni uphenduka umbala ophuzi onama-lilac amakhulu noma amabala ansundu. Izimbali ezimhlophe zesitshalo zakha ama-inflorescence abunjwe ngesambulela. Ishubhu ye-corolla yi-tetrahedral, efinyelela ku-8 cm ubude. Ama-peals wezimbali asesimweni seqanda eliphakeme. Isikhathi sezimbali singuJanuwari-Ephreli. Izwe lakubo liyizintaba e-Ethiopia.
Kalanchoe ezinkulu-flow (Kalanchoe grandiflora) - isihlahla esinamaqabunga angamaqabunga aqabileko anombala oluhlaza okhanyayo, othola umbala obomvu elangeni.
Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungamasentimitha angama-60. Izimbali eziphuzi ezikhanyayo ezinethhubhu ekhulisiwe ye-corolla efinyelela ku-1,2 cm ubude kanye nama-ovoid petals aqoqwe kwisambulela se-inflorescence. Izimbali eziningi zenzeka ngoMeyi. Lolu hlobo luvela eNdiya.
Kalanchoe Mangin (K. manginii) nomaI-Mangin Briofillum (I-Bryophyllum manginii) - izinhlobonhlobo ze-ampel, zibonakaliswa izimbali ezinkulu ezimise bell yombala opinki. Iqhakaza entwasahlobo.
Kalanchoe paniculata (K. thyrsiflora) - amaqabunga ama-herbaceous anamaqabunga angafika ku-60 cm ukuphakama. Akhula endle emithambekeni yamatshe aseNingizimu Afrika. Amaqabunga ale zinhlobo anomumo ovoid emuva, ubude bufika ku-15 cm nobubanzi bufika ku-7 cm, obudwetshwe ngombala omhlophe wesiliva.
Amaqabunga aphansi akha irosette obukhulu, kanti angaphezulu awavamile futhi abe nosayizi omncane. Izimbali eziphuzi ezine-terra tube pit-like swollen corolla tube nezimbotshana ezincane eziyindilinga ziqoqwa ku-panicle inflorescence. Kuqala ukuqhakaza ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Kusatshalaliswa izindlela zokuhluma ezimise nge-bulb ezakhiwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali.
Kalanchoe ngomlilo noma bomvu ovuthayo (K. flammea), eyaziwa nangokuthi Kalanchoe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Kalanchoe glaucescens) - i-herbaceous enezihlahla ezinhlamvu kancane, edabuka eSomalia. Ukuphakama kwalesi zinhlobo kungamasentimitha angama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Amaqabunga anobude obungu-6-8 cm nobubanzi obuyi-2 cm cm abuyela kwi-ovate esesimweni, ancishiswe ezansi ngonqenqemeni olugxilisiwe.
Igama lezinhlobo ligcizelela kahle umbala wezimbali zezitshalo. Anombala o-red-okhanyayo ngombala, kuze kube ngamasentimitha ama-2. Ama-inflorescences ayizambulela, apical. IKalanchoe evuthayo yinhle ngokukhula ezimbizeni emakamelweni apholile.
I-Kalanchoe pinnate (K. pinnata) - herbaceous perennial kufinyelela kumitha eli-1 ukuphakama, okutholakala emhlabathini onamadwala esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Amagama adumile - Cotidelon Cirrus, I-crassula pinnate, I-Cirrus bryophyllum. Kwisitshalo esisodwa, amaqabunga akhula ngokuhlukile. Ngaphansi - i-ovoid, enesisekelo esisetshenziswe inhliziyo, ilula, iluhlaza okhanyayo ngombala nge-serrate kanye nemiphetho ebomvu.
Amaqabunga aphezulu - angasebenzi, ahlukaniswe dissected noma ahlukaniswe ku-lobes angama-3-5. Onke amaqabunga alesi sitshalo anamafutha futhi anamanzi, asendaweni ephambene. Izimbali ziyaqothuka, zibe neshubhu elimhlophe-elimhlophe ngombala elingaba ngu-3,5 cm ubude nama-petals abomvu obunjiwe. Izimbali ziningi, kepha hhayi njalo. NjengeKalanchoe Degremon, ingeyezinhlobo ze-viviparous.
Ama-Brood buds nawo akhiwa ezindaweni zokuphumula zamashidi. Izitshalo ezisencane ezinezimpande zasemoyeni zakhiwa kusuka kuzo, okuthi, lapho ziwe, ziwe bese ziwela emhlabathini, ngokushesha zinezimpande.
Kalanchoe ishubhu-flowular, noma tubular (K. tubiflora (Harv.) Raym.-Hamet) - izihlahlana ezingama-herbaceous zisetshenziselwe ukuphakama zibe ngama-70 cm. Amaqabunga amaningi amancanyana aphakeme afike ku-13 cm ubude aze afike ku-0.6 cm ububanzi, apendwe ngombala onsundu ngombala omnyama onamabala amnyama ansundu. .
Engxenyeni engenhla kunenamba enkulu yezinso ze-brood. Izimbali zibomvu, ine-corolla tube efinyelela ku-2,5 cm ubude. Lesi sitshalo sihlobisa kakhulu futhi sisabalele ekukhuleni kwasekhaya. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le nhlobo yiMadagascar.
Izinhlobo eziningi ezihluke ekuphakameni kwezitshalo ziye zabiwa emasikweni: zinde - zisuka ku-25 ziye ku-30 cm, zinde - ukusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm futhi zifakwa ngaphansi - kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15 cm. - obomvu, obomvu ovuthayo, owolintshi, onsomi omnyama, onsomi okhanyayo, ophuzi okhanyayo nomhlophe.
Kalanchoe dissected noma lobed (Kalanchoe laciniata DC.), Edume ngokuthi "izimpondo zenyamazane," iyi-herbaceous perennial enamahlumela anamahlwili nejusi aqala ukukhula ngokuthe nkqo, futhi ekugcineni aqale ukulala phansi.
Abamele le nhlobo batholakala ngokwemvelo ezifundeni ezingaseningizimu nezindawo ezishisayo zase-Asia, kanye nase-Afrika. Inegama iKalanchoe dentate.
Amaqabunga anamanzi, ahlakazekile ngokujulile, anomphetho we-serrate nohlaza olukhanyayo onamaqabunga a-waxy. Ama-blooms kakhulu kwizimbali ze-tubular e-orange.
Ukunakekela le zinhlobo kudinga ukuthambisa okhethekile, okulinganiselwe, ngomiswa ngokuphelele we-coma yobumba nokukhanya okuhle. Ngenxa yokuthi amahlumela ayo aqothulayo, angasetshenziswa njengesitshalo se-ampel. ENdiya, le nhlobo isetshenziswa kabanzi ngabantu ngezinjongo zokwelapha.
Kalanchoe ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuthenga iKalanchoe ngaphakathi, kufanele uhlole isitshalo. Amaqabunga awo kufanele abe namanzi futhi aqine. Kungcono ukuthi unikeze izithasiselo ngezimbali ezingakaqhakali, kepha sezakhiwe. Kulokhu, umbala wezimbali ungavele unqunywe futhi lolu khetho luzokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ukuqhakaza okude kwesitshalo ekhaya.
Njengoba iKalanchoe isitshalo sezindawo ezishisayo, ithanda ukukhanya okuningi, kepha, ngasikhathi sinye, idinga ukukhanya kosuku okufushane. Kunconywa ukumboza imbiza ngemuva kokudla bese uyivula kuphela emva kwe-10 ekuseni.
Esikhathini kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, kungcono ukubeka lesi sitshalo emafasiteleni asentshonalanga noma asempumalanga. Ebusika, uzozizwa engcono ngasohlangothini oluseningizimu. Ukuqhakaza kweKalanchoe kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kudinga ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo, ngakho-ke, ezinyangeni zasekwindla-ebusika, kubalulekile ukunikeza lesi sitshalo ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngaphambi kokufinyelela ukukhanya kwamahora ayi-12. Ehlobo, iKalanchoe yanele ukukhanya kwelanga okungamahora ayi-9.
Isitshalo esithengiwe sasinakekelwa epumbumbra yesitolo, kubalulekile ukujwayela ukukhanya okukhanyayo kancane kancane ukuze isivande singashiswa yilanga.
Isitshalo asithandi ukushisa. Zizwa kahle ehlobo emazingeni okushisa angama-20- 22 degrees, ebusika - ama-degrees ayi-12- 12. Ukunakekelwa kweKalanchoe okwenziwa ekwehliseni kwezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-10 kungafa.
Ukunisela Kalanchoe
Njengoba lesi sitshalo sinomusa, siyakwazi ukuqongelela umswakama ngamaqabunga neziqu, yingakho kuniselwa ukuthambisa okulinganiselayo. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo, iniselwa kakhulu, inikeze ithuba lokomisa ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi. Ebusika, ukuchelela kwenziwa kaningi, kepha akuvumeli ukomiswa okuphelele kwe-substrate, ngoba lokhu kugcwele amacembe awayo. Amanzi athathwa aqonde, athambile, endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Ungayithululela kokubili kusuka phezulu ebhodweni nakwiphasela.
IKalanchoe, ngenxa yomswakama oqoqiwe, izizwa imnandi ngezimo zomoya owomile ongaphakathi futhi ayidingi ukufafazwa. Ukufafaza kuzoba wusizo kuphela ngezinsuku ezishisayo. Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo angazesulwa ngobunono ngendwangu emanzi ukususa uthuli.
Umanyolo weKalanchoe
Ukunakekelwa kweKalanchoe entwasahlobo nasehlobo kwenziwa ngokugqoka okuphezulu ngokuya ngohlelo olujwayelekile - kanye njalo emavikini ama-2, ngenkathi kushintshwa umanyolo wamaminerali nowe-organic.
Umanyolo ungasetshenziselwa i-cacti kanye ne-anculents, kepha kunconyelwa ukuwacindezela ngamanzi kuze kutholakale ukugxila okuncane kunalokho okuvezwe emiyalweni. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyaphindwa ngesikhathi sokubeka ama-buds.
Ukuthena iKalanchoe
IKalanchoe yakhiwa ngokuthena amahlumela amade. Amanye amafomu aneziqu, okuthi, kufinyelela kubude obuthile, agobeke ngaphezulu konqenqema lwembiza. Izimbambo zalezi zinhlobo zitshalwa eminingana zilandelana emaphethelweni ebhodwe noma endishini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, athatha izimpande, akhule, agobeke futhi alengise. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sibukeka sihlobisa kakhulu.
Ngisho nezitshalo eziqhakazayo ezineziqu zazo zilenga emigodini yezimbiza zibukeka zangempela futhi zihlobisa.
Ukufinyeleleka kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwangaphambili kweKalanchoe, kufanele unciphise amahora okukhanya kwelanga abe ngamahora we-9-10. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola izimbali ezikhanyayo nezinkulu, kudingeka ukukhanya okukhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezinokwehliswa kwama-inflorescence awo emanzini emanzini aze afike kumaviki amathathu ngaphandle kokubuna noma ukulahlekelwa ubuhle bawo.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali sekuqediwe, iziqu zezitshalo zithungwa ukuze kugcinwe ukubukeka okuhle. Izingxenye ezisikiwe zingasetshenziselwa ukusikwa.
Ukufakelwa kweKalanchoe
IKalanchoe itshalwa cishe kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3 ukuqinisekisa ukuvuselelwa kwenhlabathi noma ukukhulisa usayizi wembiza lapho izimpande zesitshalo zingasasebenzi khona. Kungcono ukufakelwa entwasahlobo. Awukwazi ukuphazamisa futhi udlulise isitshalo sezimbali.
Umhlabathi wokutshala ulungile ungathathi hlangothi noma une-acidic encane, une-pH ebangeni le-5.5-6.5. Kwizitshalo ezincane, inhlanganisela ye-turf, umhlaba oguqukayo, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat rotated, ethathwe kwisilinganiso se-4: 2: 1: 1, ifanelwe kahle. I-Peat ingathathelwa indawo ngomhlaba we-coniffort. Ngaphansi kwembiza, kuyadingeka ukuthi kunikezwe amanzi alungile.
Ukuzalaniswa kweKalanchoe
IKalanchoe ingasakazwa ngembewu, isiqu nokusikwa kwamaqabunga, nezinhlobo ngazinye ezakha izingane - ngabantwana.
Indlela elula yokusakaza izingane. Izingane ezihlukaniswe yisitshalo somama zitshalwe emhlabathini, futhi isitshalo siqala ukukhula nokukhula kwazo.
Ukusakazwa kweqabunga leKalanchoe
Ungasusa amaqabunga awayo ngokuwafaka esihlabathini esimanzi bese umboza ngengilazi. Izimpande zizovela kungekudala, futhi kwakhiwe isitshalo esisha esisha.
Ukusakazwa kweKalanchoe ngembewu
Ukusakazwa kwembewu inqubo ende futhi enzima, kodwa yenzeka. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa phezulu kwenhlabathi enomswakama, ekhanyayo, ichobozwe kancane, ingalali, imbozwe ngengilazi futhi iboshelwe ngephepha. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Kalanchoe yisithombo kuyadingeka ekushiseni kwama-degrees ayi-16-18. Thatha airing nsuku zonke kabili ngosuku. Uma kunesidingo, uthele amanzi afudumele futhi axazululiwe.
Ingilazi nephepha ziyahlanzwa lapho nje kuvela amahlumela. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izitshalo ezivelayo zidonswa emabhokisini bese zimbozwa ngengilazi izinsuku eziningana. Lapho amapheshana amaningana ekhula eKalanchoe encane, atshalwa ngemigqomo emincane (cishe amasentimitha ayi-7).
I-substrate ilungiselelwe kusuka ezweni eli-deciduous, turfy, compost nesihlabathi, kuthathwe ngokwesilinganiso se-4: 2: 1: 1. Mhlawumbe ukulungiswa kwengxube enjalo: i-peat - izingxenye ezi-4, umhlaba we-turf - ingxenye eyi-1, isihlabathi - 1 ingxenye.
Ukuze wakhe isihlahla, thinta phezulu. Ngo-Agasti, iKalanchoe encane idluliselwa kumabhodwe amakhulu. Ngokutshala, bathatha ingxube equkethe umquba, i-humus, ukhuni oluqinile nesihlabathi, oluxutshwe isilinganiso 4: 2: 1: 1. Izitshalo ezitholakala imbewu iqhakaza ngonyaka ngemuva kokutshala.
Izakhiwo zokwelapha zeKalanchoe
Ngezinto zayo zokuphulukisa, uKalanchoe uthole igama - "umuthi wokuphila" kanye "ne-ginseng yangaphakathi." Inani labantu baseMadagascar selithole kusukela kudala ikhono lokupholisa lesitshalo futhi lalisebenzisa kakhulu.
Ijusi elitholakala emaqabungeni e-Kalanchoe pinnate, linezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ngenkathi lingacasuli isikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwama-mucous.Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswe kabanzi ku-dentistry kanye ne-gynecology ukukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kabusha kolwelwesi lwe-mucous nezicubu ezonakele. Amaconsi ama-2-3 wejusi leKalanchoe elisetshenziswa ezingonweni zikamama ongumhlengikazi kuzosiza ukuqeda imifantu yazo ezinsukwini ezingama-4-5.
Ijusi lalesi sitshalo lisetshenziselwa ukwelapha amanxeba, izilonda ezinamahlwili, isithwathwa, ukusha, imibhede, ene-stomatitis, isifo se-periodontal kanye ne-tonsillitis. Ukusetshenziswa kweKalanchoe kuyanconyelwa nezifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla, i-migraines, izifo ezithathelwanayo, umkhuhlane kanye nokukhwehlela okukhona. Isebenza ngempumelelo ekwelapheni izinduna, ama-warts, amathumba.
Iqabunga elixubekile leKalanchoe lizosiza ukuqeda izinyo. Izici zokwelapha ezifakazelwe zikajusi ezivela kulesi sitshalo nazo ziyafakazelwa ukuthi zingathengwa emakhemisi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwelashwa ngalo muthi kungaqala kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
