Kuwo wonke unyaka, izigidi zabantu zikhangwa ngamaholide olwandle. Ungakha umkhathi onjalo ngokweqile ezitezi, uma uhlela ngokufanele ukutshala kwezihlahla zesundu ekhaya. Lokhu kubandakanya ukukhethwa kwamabhodwe, inhlabathi kanye nomanyolo. Kufanelekile futhi ukucubungula ubuqili bokufakelwa, ukuzala, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, izici zokunakekela isitshalo esishisayo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama elithi Tamara lisho ukuthi "intende". Futhi iJerusalema lasendulo lalibizwa ngokuthi ngumuzi walezi zihlahla ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, ukuba ne-flowerpot enjalo endlini kuyilungelo elikhethekile.
I-Palm ekhula ekhaya: konke kusuka enhlabathini kuya ekunakekelweni
Yize isiko emvelweni yemvelo lingafinyelela kumamitha ambalwa ukuphakama, abafuyi bezindawo baye baveza izinhlobo ezimangalisa zezinhlobo zasendlini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqiniseka ukuthi ebhodweni lesihlahla sesundu sasizizwa njengasezindaweni ezishisayo zasendaweni. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zamasiko azifunwa kakhulu kumswakama ophezulu. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukucubungula ezinye zezinto abazithandayo.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 eziyinhloko zezitshalo: umumo wefeni nepinate. Inketho yokuqala ilungele izixazululo zokwakha ezingavamile, kanti eyesibili - ukuthola okuningi okuvinjelwe, okulondoloziwe.
Ukutshala ku-substrate enhle kuyisihluthulelo sempilo ende
Abantu abaningi bathanda ukuthenga izingxube zenhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo. Imvamisa ngendlela yayo emsulwa isetshenziswa lapho kukhula izithombo ezincane. Kodwa i-gurus yangempela ye-floriculture ithatha lokhu kwaziswa njengesisekelo kuphela. Bangezelela kuwo izakhi zomzimba eziningi ezikhuthaza ukukhula kanye nentuthuko yesiko. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi enjalo yezihlahla zesundu kufanele kufake:
- isihlabathi;
- i-peat (ihhashi ihlangene nethafa eliphansi);
- ubumba olwandisiwe;
- ufulawa we-dolomite;
- i-vermicompost;
- umanyolo wamaminerali.
Uma kungabikho izithako ezinjalo ku-substrate ethengiwe, khona-ke kufanele ucabange ngekhwalithi yayo. Kwezinye izimo, inketho engcono kakhulu ukulungiselela inhlanganisela yokutshala ngokwakho. Kuzobandakanya:
- Isisekelo. Siqukethe umhlaba obumba izinkuni kanye humus yenhlabathi deciduous. Ingxenye ngayinye ilungiswa ngezingxenye ezi-2.
- Izinto zokwakha. Sebenzisa izitini ezaphukile noma ubumba olwandisiwe. Kuko konke lokhu engeza isihlabathi (ihora eli-1). Ngezansi, yenza indunduma kuze kufike ku-3-5 cm, ngoba kuzofanela unisele intende kaningi.
- Umanyolo. Vele, kuzoba ngumanyolo futhi ubolile. Zengezwe ngamanani alinganayo.
- Isibulala magciwane. Ngale ndlela-ke amalahle, adinga izipuni eziyi-3-4.
Zonke izithako eziphakanyisiwe zakha inhlabathi yokuzalanisa ekhuthaza ukukhula okusebenzayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlabathi yezihlahla zesundu idinga i-acidity ebuthakathaka: ebangeni le-6.3-7.0 pH.
Uma kungenzeki ukuthenga izinto zenhlabathi ezifakwe kuhlu, zingabanjiswa engadini noma ehlathini. Kodwa-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ukhubaza inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa: yibambe ngamanzi okugeza imizuzu engama-20, ukhwezwe ngamanzi abilayo noma uwuphathe ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate.
Ukugqoka okulinganiselwe okuphezulu
Uzodinga ukufaka umanyolo wesitshalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo. Iyabadinga lapho ifinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu. Imvamisa yokwenza okunjalo: amahlandla ama-2-3 ngenyanga, futhi kuphela ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ehlobo. Ebusika, ukondla kuyamiswa (kusuka ngoNovemba kuya ku-Mashi, isikhathi sokudonsela phansi siqala), ngaleyo ndlela sinikeze isitshalo ukuphumula okuncane. Ngaphambi kokubheka ukuthi ungasondla kanjani isundu, kufanelekile ukuthi ufunde ukukwenza kahle. Kunemithetho eminingana:
- Izakhiwo zamaminerali zethulwa kuphela ngemuva kokunisela. Izimpande ze-Wet ziyamelana nokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali.
- Akunconyelwe ukwenza imisebenzi ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, ngoba inhlabathi inezakhi ezanele zomsoco. Yize abanye beluleka ngokufaka umanyolo intende yasekhaya vele ngosuku lwe-14.
- Sebenzisa izindlela zombili zokunisela kanye zokufafaza. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu okugcina, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi nge-overdose encane, amaqabunga ayasha. Kumalitha ayi-10 thatha i-lime (2 g) ne-urea (10 g) noma usebenzise isisombululo esingu-2% se-superphosphate.
- Inqubo iphindwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 noma kanye njalo emavikini ama-2.
- Izinto eziphilayo zibekwa ezansi ebhodweni kanye ne-peat kanye nomquba. Yenza lokhu ukuze eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, izimpande zingafinyeleli kule ngxube.
- Umanyolo wezihlahla zesundu awenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa uma isitshalo sigula. Lokhu kuphela kwandisa inkambo yesifo.
Izakhiwo ze-nitrojeni kufanele zibe nama-50% ento eyinhloko, ngoba ngamanani amancane awamunwa. Kwamanye amalungiselelo, ukwakheka kwe-phosphorus kufanele kusuka ku-80%, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwezimpande aluyithathi.
Njengengubo ephezulu yokubopha izihlahla zesundu ekhaya, kusetshenziswa umquba womquba. Kuqoqwa esitsheni kugcwaliswe amanzi ukuze uketshezi lumboze izinto ezingavuthiwe. Gcina endaweni epholile izinsuku eziyi-10, bese ihlungwa. I-infusion ifakwa kulezi zilinganiso ezilandelayo: inkomo - 1: 5, nenkukhu - 1: 10. Lesi sixazululo siniselwa kuphela ngenkathi yokukhula okusebenzayo.
Sihlela ukufakelwa
Ushintsho luyingqophamlando ebalulekile empilweni yezitshalo. Kwesinye isikhathi bayahlelela, futhi kaningi akuhlelwanga. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungasifaka kanjani isundu ekhaya. Ngomcimbi, izinyanga zentwasahlobo kuphela ezifanele. Izithombo ezineminyaka emithathu ubudala zidinga ukuhamba konyaka, kanye nezikhathi ezindala njalo eminyakeni emi-3-5. Endabeni yokugcina, imbiza imane yephule noma inqunywe. Ngasikhathi sinye, bazama ukudlulisa ngokucophelela isampula kwesinye isitsha, basigcwalisa ngomhlaba bese bemboza umhlabathi nge-sphagnum moss.
Ebusheni obukhulu, akunconywa ukufakelwa. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi engaphezulu kufanele ithathelwe indawo ngezikhathi ezithile.
Futhi akunakwenzeka ukungawunaki amanye ama-nuances wokwenza inqubo yokufakelwa kanye nokunakekelwa kwentende:
- isitsha esisha kufanele sibe nembobo;
- uhlelo lwezimpande alunakulimala, lunqunywe kakhulu, lungaphela kabuhlungu;
- umbukiso otshaliwe ufakwa emthunzini ukuze umile endaweni entsha;
- ukuphakama kwesendlalelo sokudonsa kungama-3-5 cm;
- ubumba olwandisiwe lumbozwe umquba, kungcono ihhashi;
- izivakashi ezishisayo zinikeza ukuthambisa okuvundayo nokufafaza njalo.
Izimbiza zezihlahla zesundu zikhethwa ngosayizi omncane. Ngenxa yalokhu, unyaka ngamunye kuzodingeka ukuthi kufakwe ezinye ngeziqukathi ezizoba zikhulu kunezi zangaphambili. Umjikelezo onjalo ukhuthaza ukugcwaliswa okufanayo kwembiza nge-rhizome.
Isigaba Vital - Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla zamanye amazwe zikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Babekwe emanzini afudumele. Linda zize zikhule, bese zitshalwa zijule ku-2-3 cm enhlabathini yokutshala, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwazo lubekelwe isihlabathi. Ukutshala kuyaniselwa futhi kumbozwe ngefilimu. Ngemuva kokuvela, i-greenhouse iyasuswa. Isitsha sifakwa ekukhanyiseni. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, izithombo zingenelwa emabhodweni ngamanye.
Indlela esheshayo yokukhiqiza izihlahla zesundu ithathwa njengeyimifino. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezikhethekile kuphela ezishiya inzalo impande. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-bush. Uhlelo lonke lwenqubo enjalo selwenziwe:
- zibahlukanise lapho zinezimpande eduze komfuziselo womama, okusho ukuthi bakha uhlelo olunezimpande olunamandla;
- enze umcimbi ngommese obukhali oyinyumba;
- fafaza indawo yokusikwa ngamalahle;
- amahlumela atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo;
- amboze ngephepha lengilazi noma isikhwama esiminyene.
Ukuqomisana okufanele - izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lobungcweti
Umphumela wokugcina uncike kakhulu ekutheni ungazinakekela kanjani izihlahla zesundu. Okokuqala udinga ukubeka imbali yezimbali endaweni ebanzi, kepha hhayi ekhoneni, ngoba asikho isikhala esanele. Ukuze amaqabunga angaguquki aphuzi, isitshalo sinikezwa ukufinyelela elangeni - lokhu kungaba uhlangothi oluseningizimu ntshonalanga yefulethi. Isikhathi sasemini kuye kufanele sithathe amahora angama-11 kuye kwangama-16. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukulwela ukuphinda izimo zemvelo zokuphila ngenxa "yobuhle" bakhe:
- amazinga okushisa - 25-27 ° C, ngezinhlobo ezivimbela ukubanda - 8-16 ° C;
- ukuvikelwa okuthembekile emisebenzini engakapheli kanye nelanga eliqondile;
- umswakama ophezulu, otholakala ngokufafaza njalo (unganisa amanzi emvula) noma usebenzisa umswakama (40-50%);
- ukuchelela ehlobo kwenziwa nsuku zonke, futhi ubusika - isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-2;
- Ukuhlanza njalo amaqabunga othulini.
Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ibhodwe liyajikeleza noma lifakwe kwenye indawo. Ngemuva kwalokho zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zithola isilinganiso esanele sokukhanya.
Banikezwe lezi zinto, abaningi babeka i-flowerpot eduze kwefasitela ngamakhethini. Ngenxa yalokhu, imisebe yelanga ehlakazekile iwela emaqabungeni. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ubuchwepheshe bokuthi unganisela kanjani intende kahle. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amanzi afudumele ahleliwe. Kwezinye izimo - ugqoko olunamabala noma ubumba olwandisiwe, olugcwele uketshezi. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola izinga lomswakama. Inhlabathi kufanele yomile 1/3 ebhodweni. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukufaka amanzi.
Ngokwenqubo enjalo emfushane, ukukhula kwesundu ekhaya kwenzeka. Kungasuka nobunzima kuphela ngokusakazwa kwesiko. Kepha ukukhetha okuyikho kwenhlabathi, indawo, imbiza ne-microclimate kuzosiza ukukhulisa isihlahla esihle.
