I-Opuntia cactus uhlobo olujwayelekile kakhulu lwesitshalo sikakhokho. Lo mndeni unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300. I-Opuntia ibheka iNingizimu Melika njengezwe lakubo, kepha muva nje nje iye yathatha izintambo ogwini oluseningizimu olufudumele lweCrimea.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
I-pey ye-prickly iwuhlobo lwe-cactus emelela amahlumela anamahlwili. Kwesinye isikhathi i-peick prickly itholakala ngesimo sezihlahla, ngakho-ke siyisihlahla esinwabuzelayo noma esinamahlumela amile. On the isitshalo zitholakala azungeze wonke azungeze of efihlekile, lapho okuvela lapho okubizwa ngokuthi - glochidia. Amaqabunga weparele okunempilo anempilo futhi ayathululwa, kodwa ayakhukeka kusenesikhathi. Ama-inflorescence at a prickly pear atholakala ngokucula.
Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo siphele, kuvela isithelo - isigaxa esidluliselwe ukunambitheka okumnandi. Babizwa nangokuthi "umkhiwane waseNdiya" - ongadliwa.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-prickly pear kwenzeka kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ngama-inflorescence amahle amakhulu. Izithelo ekuqaleni ziyahlukahluka ku-tint oluhlaza okotshani, futhi esevuthiwe kakade zinombala we-burgundy.
Cishe akunakwenzeka ukufezekisa ukuqhakaza eziqhakaza kakhulu ekhaya. Lokhu kuvunyelwe kuphela lapho ehlobo unethuba lokuthatha isitshalo usiyise engadini emoyeni. Kulokhu kuphela uma kuqalwa ukuqhakaza. Imbewu ngezithelo zomthunzi okhanyayo ngosayizi obhontshisi.
Amahlumela weparele wethanga anezakhiwo ezizuzisayo; aqukethe ushukela, isitashi, uvithamini C namaprotheni. Ngakho-ke, kusetshenziselwa ukondla izilwane. Futhi kwezinye izingxenye zaseMelika, izinhlobo ezidliwayo ze-cactus zidliwa ngabantu bendawo. Ijamu nayo yenziwa ngamapheya anamahlwili noma ujusi oswidiwe wokwenza i-molasses noma utshwala. AmaNtaliyane enza ama-dessert ezithelo zezithelo zeparele.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
U-Opuntia Berger imelela izinqubo eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo ezingaba ngu-25 cm, zibonakaliswa yi-angularity ethile. Amahlumela lapho akhiwe, phezu kwayo yonke indawo ye-cactus, ahlukaniswa ubukhona bemiphunga ephuzi yobude obuhlukahlukene. Ukuqhakaza kuminyene, umbala wama-inflorescence unelanga, kanti ingaphakathi le-pestle liluhlaza. Ekuphakameni, lolu hlobo lwedlula imitha. Kukholakala ukuthi izwe lakubo alikhonjiswanga ncamashi, kepha abanye abantu bavame ukutholakala eRiviera.
Opuntia gosselina umbono ojwayelekile. Izimpande zayo zivela eMexico. Ibonisa ama-inflorescence aqhakaze njengelanga, aqala ukuqhakaza esemncane. Amaqabunga amaqabunga kubantu abavuthiwe yi-tricolor eshintsha ibe nsundu ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye no-sheen grey, futhi abantu abancane babe ne-hue ebomvu. Izikhala ezingaba ngu-10 cm ubude, zithambile ekuthinteni futhi zitholakala kuphela ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamaqabunga.
Iparele ngobuhlakani lokhu kuyikhaya eliqhakazile lasendlini elinombala ophuzi ogqamile ngezinaliti zegolide onamathele kulo lonke uzimele wephepha. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo akubalulekile. I-inflorescences yomthunzi welanga, nekholomu yangaphakathi enomthunzi okhanyayo. Izithelo zikhulu, zibomvu. Izwe layo elingokwemvelo lisenyakatho neMexico.
Ingadi yeparey iyabekezelela ubusika obubanda, kepha ngaphansi kwesembozo esihle seqhwa. Uma kukhona ubusika obungenamakhaza endaweni yakho, hlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala yokufakelwa ngamaqabunga noma ngamagatsha ayi-spruce. Ama-hue we-inflorescences aphuzi. Imiphunga itholakala kulo lonke ishidi. Ngaphambi kwesizini ebandayo, hlala umhluzi we-prickly pear bese ugoqa emhlabathini.
U-Opuntia uyaphapha lolu hlobo luyathakazelisa impela futhi luyehluka ngenxa yamahlamvu anqabile. Futhi ezindaweni zokuhlangana kwazo nesiqu esimaphakathi, izinqa ezinjenge-spiky-spiky-like, glochidia, ziqhamile. Iminyakazo ayivamisile ukuphuma ngesikhala, kunzima ukuyithinta. Ama-inflorescences e-buds of hue obomvu.
Amakhiwane ka-Opuntia noma indiya ifinyelela ukuphakama cishe kwamamitha amane. Amaqabunga - izingxenye zine-tint yomnqumo enobunzima obunzima kanye ne-glochidia engavamile. Ama-inflorescence we-opuntia afana namathagi we-terry poppies. I-hue yezimbali i-orange egqamile. Izithelo zalolu hlobo zingaba ngu-8 cm ubude.
Opuntia monacanthus mosagat zinhlobo ezithokozisayo, ezilungele ukukhula ekhaya. Ngomthunzi wayo wesaladi, i-cactus ibukeka njengamakhorali olwandle. Ingaphezulu libushelelezi obunamagaqa obomvu okhanyayo obomvu.
Opuntia imbricata izwe laso liyingxenye eseningizimu ye-USA. Amahlumela walezi zinhlobo aqine, amabala angaba amasentimitha amathathu ubude emthunzini woshokoledi. Ama-inflorescence aphuzi.
I-Brazil prickly pear ukubuka kwesihlahla ukuphakama okufika cishe kumamitha angamashumi amabili. Ubuntu balesi zinhlobo izinhlobo ezahlukene zeziqu esitshalweni esisodwa. Emaphethelweni amahlumela akhula izingxenye zesimo se-oval oblong kanye ne-14 cm ubude. Ama-spikes ezinso esisodwa avela izingcezu ezintathu. Ama-inflorescence aphuzi.
Ukunakekela ekhaya ngobuhlakani
I-opuntia ekhanyayo ithanda ukukhanya okugqamile, kepha ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ukuze isitshalo sikhule unyaka wonke, sidinga ukukhanya okuningi.
Izinga lokushisa elisendaweni yegumbi lesitshalo alibaluleke kangako, lihlangabezana kahle nanoma yiziphi izimo ehlobo. Kepha ebusika, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukugcina amazinga okushisa angekho ngaphezulu kwama-6 degrees. Uma unganamatheli ezimeni ezinjalo zobusika, khona-ke iparele elikhanyayo lizolula kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.
Asikho isidingo sokufafaza lesi sitshalo, sibekezelela ngokuphelele noma yisiphi isimo sezulu segumbi.
Ungayinisela kanjani i-peick prickly
Ukunisela ithini lamapheya amancane kufanele kuphathwe ngokucophelela, uma kungenjalo, ungaholela ekuboshweni kohlelo lwezimpande.
Ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe njengoba kunesidingo, kuphela emva kokomiswa ungqimba lomhlabathi. Ebusika, isitshalo empeleni asidingi umswakama. Amanzi okunisela ikakhulukazi ethambile futhi kancane acidic, ungakwazi acidify ngamaconsi ambalwa kalamula noma citric acid.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunisela ngamanzi epanini, ngaphandle kwalokho uma kuthululelwa enhlabathini, khona-ke lesi sitshalo singase sivaleke ngokhokho kusuka ku-limescale yamanzi bese sinciphisa ukukhula.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Opuntia
Ukufakelwa kwe-prickly pear kubalulekile njengoba kunesidingo, ngoba isitshalo ngemuva kokufakelwa kuthatha isikhathi eside ukujwayela. Kudluliselwa kusuka enhlabathini eyomile ukuze yomile bese ibeka amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu endaweni emnyama yokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Kuyadingeka ukuthambisa iparele elinywe kabusha okokuqala ngqa ngeviki. Isikhathi sonyaka sokufuduka sisentwasahlobo.
Inhlabathi ye-Opuntia
Isitshalo sikhetha ingxube yobumba kancane i-acid, iqonde futhi ilula. Inhlabathi ingathengwa isilungele ukwenziwa kwe-cacti, noma ilungiswe ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inhlabathi kumele ifake umhlabathi wethidi, i-turf, ubumba nesihlabathi, zonke izingxenye ezilinganayo.
Galela lesi sitshalo kulo lonke ihlobo, umanyolo ukuze uthole usizo. Kufanele bondliwe kanye ezinsukwini ezingama-30.
Cactus prickly eliphakathi kokuzalela
Imbewu ye-cactus ine-crust eqinile, enqunywa ngefayela lesipikili. Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu ifakwe kwisisombululo se-manganese futhi ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini eyayivele ikhiqizwe kuhhavini, okungukuthi, oyinyumba.
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izinga lokushisa elilungele izithombo lingama-20 degrees. Mboza isitsha ngefilimu bese uyivula ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ufafaze futhi uzenyeze, ukuze i-condensation iqoqeke umswakama.
Inhlabathi yokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele ibe nesihlabathi esihlanganayo, inhlabathi eshidi namalahle achotshoziwe. Ngemuva kokuvela, izithombo zigaxela ezitsheni ezincane ezihlukile, zigcina ukukhanya okuhle kwansuku zonke.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezithombo ezisikiwe ze-pear
Ukusikwa okuncane kusikwa kusuka ekuhlolweni okuyinhloko kweparele elinomunyu bese kumiswa cishe izinsuku ezintathu kuze kuqhume ukuvela. Ngemuva kwalokho atshalwe enhlabathini kusuka esihlabathini sangaphambi kokutholwa kuhhavini.
Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-rooting lingama-22 degrees. Mboza ngefilimu noma imbiza yengilazi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuvula ukuvula nokufudumeza inhlabathi. Ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu nokubukeka kokuqhakaza okusha, zidluliselwa enhlabathini evamile.
