UFern ungenye yezitshalo ezindala kakhulu eMhlabeni. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaso, isithombe sivele ngokushesha nesitshalo esikhulu esimboze amboze amahlathi asendulo lapho kuhlala khona ama-dinosaurs nezinye izilwane zasendulo.
Namuhla, kukhona inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zefern, ezinamashumi amaningana, noma amakhulu ezinkulungwane. Lesi sitshalo singanikezwa ngokufanele isigaba esingafani ku-botany. Uhlobo ngalunye lwenhlobo lunezimpawu zalo.
Kukhona futhi inani elincane lezinhlobo zefern yangaphakathi. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezidumile yilezi: i-Adiantum noma iVenus Volos, i-Aspenium, iNephrolepis, iGolden Polypodium neZirtomium.
INephrolepis ifana kakhulu nesitshalo se-prehistoric. Ngakho-ke, lokhu okubhaliwe kwe-fern kudume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi abanolwazi nama-novice. Ake sibheke imininingwane eminingi.
Nakekela i-nephrolepis ekhaya
Indawo kanye nokushisa komoya
INephrolepis isitshalo esiqinile esinobuthakathaka. Noma kunjalo, kukhona ama-nuances amaningana ekunakekeleni lolu hlobo lwe-fern lwangaphakathi. Isibonelo, uma ungazinaki ngokuhlelekile izenzo ezithile ekunakekeleni isitshalo, lokhu kuzoholela ekufeni kwaso.
Njengoba i-fern iyisitshalo esihle semifanekiso, indawo okulinywe kuyo kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle (kufiseleka ukuthi ukukhanyisa bekungokwemvelo). Emthunzini, iNephrolepis ngeke ikhule futhi ikhule. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungasilimaza isitshalo.
Izinga lokushisa elintofontofo kunazo zonke lokuthuthuka kwamahlamvu lungu + 22-24 ° С. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo singazizwa sihle ezimweni ezipholile - emazingeni okushisa komoya we +16 ° С.
Kungcono ukukhetha isikhala phakathi kwamafasitela njengendawo yefern yangaphakathi. Qaphela futhi ukuthi i-Nephrolepis izohlangana kahle nezimbali eziqhakaza kahle zasendlini.
Ehlobo, i-fern yangaphakathi ithathwa kangcono ngaphandle. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, ungakugcina kuvulandi noma kwi-loggia.
Izici zokunisela
INephrolepis, njengabameli abaningi bomndeni wakwaFern, iyawathanda umswakama futhi ayibekezeleli inhlabathi eyomile ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele iniselwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesembozo somhlabathi selomile kancane. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunjalo ngezitshalo eziningi, ungawudlulisi ngenani lomswakama. Ukwehla komswakama ngokweqile kuzoholela ekuboshweni kwezimpande nasekufeni kwesitshalo.
Amanzi wokunisela kufanele athathwe. Lokhu kuyimfuneko. Inketho efanelekile kuncibilika iqhwa noma amanzi emvula.
Umswakama womoya
Enye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokuthuthuka okugcwele kwefern yangaphakathi ngumswakama owanele womoya. Ekamelweni elinomoya owomile, isitshalo singabuna. Ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwayo ezimeni ezinjalo kwehlisa ijubane.
Ebusika, i-fern yangaphakathi kufanele igcinwe kude nabashisi kanye namanye amadivayisi wokushisa ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele ugcine lesi sitshalo egumbini elinomoya. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, hlinzeka ngeNephrolepis ngokufafaza njalo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Indoor fern idinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu okuphezulu. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi, okufanele usetshenziswe kanye njalo emavikini ayi-2-3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umquba we-liquid organic, ngokwesibonelo, i-mullein tincture, ulusizo ekuthuthukiseni itshe lesikhumbuzo.
Lapho ukhetha umanyolo wamaminerali, nikeza lezo zinketho eziqukethe inani elikhulu le-potassium, okudingeka kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni isitshalo.
Ukufakelwa
Indoor fern ayithandi ikakhulukazi inqubo yokufakelwa. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukusebenza kwaso njalo. Ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela lapho i-Nephrolepis ingahle idluliselwe ebhodweni elikhulu noma kubhavu, okuzosebenza ukuthuthukisa kangcono uhlelo lwezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kungadingeka uma i-fern yangaphakathi itheleleke nganoma yisiphi isifo, inhlabathi eyonakele noma umswakama obedlulele enhlabathini.
Nakani lapho udlulisa lesi sitshalo ngomzuzu olandelayo: Izimpande zeNephrolepis ziboshwe ngokuqinile lapho zizungeza inhlama yobumba. Ngakho-ke, ukuzihlanza ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo kuyinkinga enkulu.
Namuhla, kunezingxube zomhlaba eziningi ezihlukile zeferns yangaphakathi. Lapho ukhetha inketho efanelekayo, qale ubheke i-acidity yenhlabathi ethengiwe. Izinga le-acidity elifanele le-Nephrolepis yi-pH 5-6.6, i.e. inhlabathi kumele ibe acidic kancane kuphela.
Ngokudlulisa isitshalo, ungenza nengxube yenhlabathi ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Ingxenye eyodwa yothando.
- Ingxenye eyodwa ye-humus.
- Isiqephu esisodwa sezwe esinamaqabunga.
- Cishe izingxenye ze-0.3 zokudla kwamathambo.
Izici zokusakazwa kwefern yangaphakathi
Ukusakazeka kweNephrolepis kwenziwa ngabasebenza ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla zabantu abadala. Indlela yokuqala inzima impela, ngakho-ke ngisho nabatshali bezimbali abanolwazi abavami ukuziphendukela kuyo. Iqiniso ngukuthi lifaka izigaba eziningi. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokunganqikazi.
Inketho engcono kakhulu yokuzala itshe lesikhumbuzo segumbi ukuhlukanisa isihlahla. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe lapho kuvela ama-rosette amasha e-basal esitshalweni. Kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela ukuze zingalimazi ngengozi isitshalo somama futhi zigcine umhlaba omningi ngangokunokwenzeka ezimpandeni zengxenye ye-fern.
Ngemuva kokutshala isitshalo esihlukanisiwe, kufanele sinikezwe ukunakekelwa okufanele. Ngokuyisisekelo, liqukethe ekugcineni izinga elifanele lomswakama wenhlabathi. Uma ukuvunyelwa komhlaba ngokweqile kuvunyelwe ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwesitshalo, ngeke kumile futhi ngeke kukhule.
Imininingwane ebalulekile
INephrolepis, njengezinhlobonhlobo zamaferns, isitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu okufanele sitholakale kuyo yonke imizi. Iqiniso ngukuthi isihlungi semvelo esihle kakhulu esihlanza umoya wothuli, ukungcola okuhlukahlukene kanye namagciwane angama-pathogenic. Ngakho-ke, kufiseleka kakhulu ukuthi i-fern ikuwo wonke amagumbi, ikakhulukazi enkulisa nasegumbini lokulala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokubukeka okuhle, i-fern yangaphakathi ingasetjenziswa e-floristry ukwenza amalungiselelo eentyatyambo ahlukahlukene. Isitshalo esiveziwe masinyane sakha amahlamvu alahlekile. Ngakho-ke, uma ubolekwe amaqabunga ama-2-3 ku-Nefrolepis, ngeke umlimaze nakancane.
