Ngithole le ndatshana kumagazini wakudala wephephabhuku i-Household Farm, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kungahle kubonakale kuthakazelisa kwabaningi. Ubhale umlimi wakhe osebenza imifino eduze kweMosco M. Sobol.
© Ihlathi & Kim Starr
Esizeni sami, esiqhele ngamakhilomitha angama-45 ukusuka eMoscow, ngathola abamba ukushisa okushisa kwelanga. Ngikhula amakhabe kuyo. Indawo yami ibanda - itholakala ogwini lwe-Pyalovsky reservoir, ukusuka eningizimu nasentshonalanga imbozwe yihlathi. I-microclimate yendawo ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esibanda isikhathi eside esibandayo, ushintsho olubucayi emazingeni okushisa obusuku nobusuku, kanti nokho ... amakhabe ayasebenza.
Abantu bavame ukungibuza: ukuqala kuphi ukutshala kwe-melon? Vele, ngokukhethwa kwesiza se-greenhouse esizayo. Kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle (amakhabe afuna ukukhanya) futhi ngasikhathi sinye embozwe yimimoya yasenyakatho. Inhlabathi iyadingeka evundile futhi ilula ngokwakhiwa kwemishini. Ngiyilungiselela kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zomquba nomhlabathi wehlathi ngokungezwa kwesihlabathi somfula. Ngilala ngibe yindawo eluhlaza okotshani okungenani ngamafosholo owodwa nesigamu.
Futhi iyiphi i-greenhouse yokwakha? Okuningi kuya ngesipiliyoni namakhono. Ehlobo lika-1981, okuvele ukuthi kushisa eTashkent, ngakhula amakhabe endaweni yokugcina amafilimu enendawo “ephakemeyo” ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-2 egqumeni. Umdwebo oyinhloko we "hut" yi-voliti encane yangaphakathi nokubuyiselwa okunomswakama okuqinile ezitshalweni. Lokhu umswakama awuphumi kuze kube maphakathi nosuku.
Ngentwasahlobo yango-1982, ngakha abamba ingilazi engathi yiphiramidi. Ukushisa okunjalo kufudumeza ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile, futhi i-condensate eyakhelwe ukungafani kokushisa kwasemini nobusuku, ngaphandle kokuwa ezitshalweni, kudiliza izindonga ezithandekayo. Noma ngabe yiluphi uhlobo lokugcina ukushisa onquma ukulwakha, kufanele okungenani lube yi-2 m ukuphakama kugquma futhi ifakwe umoya omncane owanele wokuphehla umoya.
Ngikhula amakhabe ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ngihlunga imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngehlisa imbewu enkulu futhi ephelele kunazo zonke imizuzu emi-2 kusisombululo se-3% se-sodium chloride. Ngigeza bese ngomisa imbewu eshisiwe, bese ngilahla okusele. Ngo-Ephreli 7: 7, ngifaka imbewu ekhethiwe ngendlela efanayo nembewu yamakhukhamba, bese ngiyifaka lukhuni - ngiyifaka esiqandisini izinsuku ezimbili. Futhi emva kwalapho ngibeka imbewu endaweni efudumele yokuhluma.
Esikhathini esifanayo, ngilungisa umhlaba ngokuxuba inhlabathi engadini nenhlabathi ethengiwe ("uViolet") ngesilinganiso 1: 1. Ngifaka i-1/3 yevolumu yesihlabathi somfula kule ngxube. Ngaphambi kokuxubana, inhlabathi nesihlabathi kuyasheya.
© Piotr Kuczyński
Umhlaba ungaba ngesinye isakhi. Into esemqoka ukuthi inempilo futhi ilula ngokwakhiwa kwemishini. Thela inhlanganisela eqediwe ibe yizinkomishi zephepha elikhulu. Isifanekiso sokwenza kwabo inkomishi yengilazi. Ngigcwalisa izinkomishi nge-3/4 izinkomishi, ukuze kube khona isikhala sezengezo ezilandelayo.
Ngifaka imbewu emibili noma emithathu enesihlwathwa ekhoneni, ngiyiphanyele emhlabathini ngo-1 cm bese ngiyanisela kakhulu nge-strainer. Ngemuva kwalokho ngifaka izinkomishi ekhabetheni elifudumele bese ngivalela ingilazi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngibuka ukuze inhlabathi ezindebe ingapheli. Okokushisa kungasebenza izinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Ngisebenzisa i-aquarium ekhanyayo ene-25-watt light bulb.
Ngokuvamile, okuhlangenwe nakho kusikisela ukuthi ukufudumeza kungcono kakhulu ukuma. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kuzodingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe lapho imbewu iqhuma, nalapho izithombo zikhula. Noma kufasitela elikhanyayo, ngezinsuku ezinamafu, izitshalo ziba namakhaza (izinga lokushisa alidingeki lingaphansi kuka-25-30 °). Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, izitshalo zithinteka umlenze omnyama.
Ezinsukwini ezingama-5-6 ngemuva kokuqhamuka engilazini, ngishiya kuphela ihlumela elinamandla kunayo yonke, ngicindezela ukuphumula. Ukunikeza izitshalo ukukhanya (entwasahlobo eSifundeni saseMoscow kunezinsuku eziningi ezinamafu), ngikhanyisela izithombo ngesibani se-fluorescent.
Ukunisela kuyinto elinganiselayo futhi kuphela ngamanzi afudumele. "Isomiso" akumele sivunyelwe. Emavikini amabili kamuva, ngifafaza izithombo ngesixazululo pinki se-potanganum permanganate. Ngitshala izithombo endaweni eluhlaza lapho inamaqabunga amathathu eqiniso futhi inhlabathi ifudumala ifinyelela ku-12 -15 ° kuya ekujuleni kuka-12 cm. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ngitshala amakhabe ngendlela ye-Uzbek. Kuhlanganisani? Maphakathi kombhede wegadi (ububanzi bawo bungama-3 m), ngimba igreythi engu-50 cm ububanzi kanye nama-1.5 spade bayonets ajulile. Ngemuva kwalokho ngigcwalisa lomgodi ngamanzi aze ayeke ukuminza emhlabathini. Lapho amanzi eshiya kepha umhlaba womile, ibanga elingama-60-65 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye enkabeni yomsele, ngimba imigodi ngokujula kwama-75-80 cm nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-40-45. Ingxenye yawo igcwele umquba wezimvu obolile (isondele kwikhwalithi yomquba wamahhashi. ), nengxenye - ingxube ye-humus, ingadi yomhlaba nesihlabathi (ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo). Ngitshala isitshalo esisodwa maphakathi nomgodi olungiselelwe. Lapho ufika, susa kuphela phansi engezansi yenkomishi. Ngisebenzisa ingxube efanayo ukugcwalisa isitshalo ngamahlamvu e-cotyledon. Ngakho-ke, kuqhutshwa uhlobo lokudonswa kwesitshalo, lapho umgodi uncipha khona bese ungabi wajula kakhulu.
Indlela yami iyasebenza, kepha inezinzuzo eziningi. Okokuqala, isitshalo ngasinye sikhula enhlabathini elungiselelwe. Okwesibili, amakhabe awathandi lapho amanzi ewa emaqabunga, ikakhulukazi ngeziqu. Lokhu akwenzeki lapha. Futhi okwesithathu, ukuqhubeka 'kokushisa', umquba ukhiqiza ukushisa, futhi kusiza izitshalo ukuthi ziphile hhayi ukubuya kubanda kuphela, kodwa futhi nesithwathwa sesikhashana.
Lapho izitshalo zimila izimpande (ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10), ngincinza phezu kweshidi lesithathu. Esikhathini esizayo, nginikeza amakhabe ukuthuthukisa ngokukhululeka, uma kungenzeka ukuqondisa iziqu kuhlangothi oluphambene nomsele.
Ngigcina izinga lokushisa phakathi nosuku ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwama-ovari ngaphakathi kwama-25-30 °, ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwama-ovaries kufanele kube ngaphezulu - ngaphezulu kwe-30-32 °. Amazinga okushisa ebusuku ku-greenhouse aphakeme kuno-5 ° kunangaphandle. Ngizama ukugcina umswakama osezingeni lama-60-70%. Ku-greenhouse, njengoba ngike ngasho, ukufakwa umoya omncane ngempumelelo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Selokhu kwaqala izimbali zabesifazane, bengilokhu ngisebenza ngokungcolisa impova. Ngifaka impova kuzo zonke izimbali zabesifazane nabesilisa abathathu kuya kwabayisihlanu.
Ngikhumula izithelo ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Ezimweni zesifunda saseMoscow, ukuqoqwa kokukhetha kwama amakhabe angavuthiwe akukaze kwenzeke. Ehlobo lika-1981, kusuka ezitshalweni ezintathu zathola amakhabe angama-4 anesisindo esisukela ku-2 kuya ku-4 kg, ehlobo elingelona iqiniso ngo-1982, kusuka ezitshalweni ezi-7 zathola amakhabe angama-13 we-1-2 kg lilinye. Angikwazanga ukusondela kwisivuno esiphakeme samakhabe akhule ezindaweni zokugcina izimboni ngokushisa kwelanga ngize ngikwazi (baqoqa ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu amathathu ukusuka ku-1 m2) Ngokuzayo, ngicabanga ukukufeza lokhu.
- Mayelana nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ngobuchwepheshe bezolimo obuchaziwe, izitshalo zathuthuka futhi zazizwa zijwayelekile futhi ngaphandle kokufaka umquba. Kuphela kwesikhathi sokuqala, ngemuva nje kokufakela izithombo emhlabathini, ngenza ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesisombululo sale ngxube: ngo-20 g wengxube yomanyolo engadini ngithathe u-1 g we-sulfate yethusi, i-0.5 g ye-boric acid, i-0.5 g ye-manganese sulfate ne-0.7-0 , 8 g we-potanganum permanganate futhi konke lokhu kwakuhlanjululwe ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
- Mayelana nokunisela. Ngaphambi kokubekwa kwezithelo, ngichitha kuphela ukuthambisa ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Ngemuva kokubeka izithelo, umsele wokunisela wagcwaliswa kabili ngamanzi afudumele elangeni. Njengoba e-Uzbekistan ukuthambisa kokuqala kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokutshala, ngicabanga ukuthi ku-greenhouse ukuthambisa kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo. Ngemuva kwalokho okwesibili kuzohlinzeka izitshalo ngomswakama isikhathi eside.
- Mayelana nembewu. Le yinkinga ebucayi kakhulu yokuzalaniswa kwe-amateur melon. Ekuhlolweni kwami bekufanele ngisebenzise imbewu ye-melon Ich-kzyl. Bathunyelwe umlimi waseTashkent uN. S. Polyakov. Unginikeze izeluleko. Ngiyabonga ngakho konke. Ama-melon we-Uzbek abhekwa njengabaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi i-Ich-kzyl (isikhathi sezitshalo esingangezinsuku ezingama-90) ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zeCentral Asia. Kuliqiniso, izithelo engikhule ngazo bezingafani ngonyaka owedlule ngokunambitheka okuhle. Yebo, yeka ihlobo okwakukhona ngalo! Kungashiwo, kungathandeki ngokuphelele.
© I-Rubber Slippers E-Italy
Mhlawumbe izinhlobo ze-melon i-Novinka Dona, i-Rannaya 13, i-Dessert 5 ingahle ilungele kakhulu izithombo zokugcina imvelo amateur. Ngeshwa, akukho lutho oluthengiswayo ezitolo zeSemyon, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zeKolkhoznitsa. Ngazama kabili ukumila imbewu yalokhu okuhlukahlukene, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Ngokusobala, ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa, balahlekelwa ukuqhuma.
Okungathandeki kakhulu nge-melon yama-amateur emadolobheni angaphansi kwenguquko ebukhali emazingeni okushisa asemini nasebusuku. Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngaphansi kuka-18 ° ebusuku akugcini nje ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo, kodwa futhi kubangela ukugxagxuma ezinkombeni zomswakama, futhi lokhu, kuholela ekuqhekekeni kwezithelo. Isimo esinjengalesi esimnandi senzeka kimi ngonyaka we-1982, kwaba ngukuthi aphoqelela ukususwa kwezithelo eziningi ezingavuthiwe.
Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ngihlose ukuhlela ukufudumeza komoya okulula kakhulu kule ndawo ebamba ukushisa - lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukukhulisa iseningizimu mpakathi neRussia.
Umbhali: M. Sobol, umlimi wemifino ye-amateur
