I-Acidanthe ekhuphuka inganekwane

I-Acidanthera, iningi labatshali bezimbali ezweni lethu, elaziwa ngokuthi i-gladiolus elimnandi, isitshalo esihle ngempela. Noma ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi bezolimo, obukhombisa ukuthi ubusika bungaphandle kwenhlabathi, noma bunakekele kakhulu lobu buhle, abusuki ekudumeni kwakhe nhlobo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-acidaceya aqhakaza izimbali, enikeza ukuthandwa okubabazekayo, kungathi ukuntanta ezimbali zomoya ngombala omhlophe okhanyayo, ngaphezu kokunciphisela noma ibuphi ubunzima. Futhi lesi sitshalo akuyona neze exubileical. Uthanda ngempela ukunakwa komnakekeli.

UGladiolus muliel (Gladiolus mulielau), isichazamazwi se-Acidanthera bicolor (Acidanthera bicolor). © qvcuk

Ukuncintisana okuncintisana ku-gladioli evamile

I-Acidanthera ifana ngempela ne-gladioli kukho konke. Banemikhuba efanayo yezolimo, kanye nezidingo zokubanda ubusika ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, nohlobo lwamahlamvu. Futhi nosayizi wezitshalo ezimbili cishe ziyafana. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi i-acid acid ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-gladioli elimnandi. Noma kunjalo, ukulinganisa la masiko, ukubheka njengawo, kungaba yiphutha elikhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-acidanthera isitshalo esihluke ngokuphelele emvelweni.

Acidanthera (Acididhera) - Okuhle nenhle kakhulu, ukuqhuma kwe-blonnials okuhle kakhulu sekwephuzile. Ama-corms ayindilinga, anombala o-milky, kufika ku-5 cm ubukhulu, embozwe ngegobolondo elinombala obomvu. Amacembe aqondile angenamacembe futhi anamaqabunga amfishane, aqondile amnyama aqala isendlalelo esihle sombukiso omkhulu - izimbali. Futhi akunakwenzeka ukuhlala unganaki kuye. Okukhulu, kubukeka kukhulu ngenxa yombala okhanyayo, izimbali zifinyelela ububanzi obungu-9 cm. Ifomu elinomusa lahlinzeka i-acidant ngamagama esidlaliso anothando. Izikhonkwane ezibunjiwe zepherathi zicishe zilingane, isibambo eside esigoqekile sisonke, sakhiwe sikude futhi sifana ne-gladioli, kepha sivesi enhle kakhulu. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izimbali ziyaqhakaza hhayi ngasikhathi sinye, kodwa endlebeni, lapho izimbali ezingafinyelela kweziyi-6 zihlala zihlukane.

Isikimu sombala wama-acidants asiso isidina. Ama-acidinters amhlophe anombala ocwebezelayo abhekwa njengongenasici, kepha izinhlobo nezinhlobo "ezinemibala" azinawo muhle kangako. Pink, lilac, onsomi okhanyayo, ophuzi, amathoni wekhilimu wama-acidants amelelwa imibala emsulwa ne-pearl.

Kodwa hhayi kuphela ama-inflorescence amangalisayo aba yaziwa nge-acidanthera. Lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu sinephunga asisihle kangako. Iphunga elinamandla, kepha elikhanyayo, elingajwayelekile le-acidants ekuqaleni kuphela likhumbuza ama-daffodils engadini. Ngemuva kwakho konke, akukho lutho olunolaka ngephunga lalesi sitshalo. Lapho ufaka iphunga ngokwengeziwe, kubonakala sengathi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe futhi kuhle, okubonisa uju noma izithelo ezingeqile kwezithelo.

I-Short-tubular acidanthera (Acidanthera burvicollis) manje ingeyezinhlobo zikaGladiolus gueinzii. © HankyHelper

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-acid

Onke ama-acid izitshalo zezifunda zawo ezishisayo zase-Afrika, zinhle futhi zihle kakhulu.

Esikhathini sohlobo lwale mihlobiso - cishe izinhlobo ezingama-40. Kuliqiniso ukuhlukaniswa kwesimanje kwe-botanical akuhlukanisi ama-acid kuhlobo oluhlukile: kubhekwa njengeqembu le-gladioli, negama elifanelekile le-botanical ezitshalweni alizwakali sengathi Acididheranjengoba Gi-ladiolus. Kepha njengoba lesi sitshalo sisatshalaliswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwegama elithi acidants, futhi amagama angaphezulu avunyelwe njengezivumelwano zegama lesimanje, ama-acidants angabizwa nangokuthi indlela yakudala. Ama-acidacean asemvelo asendle nawo ayathandeka, ngokuya ngobuhle bezimbali nokubamba kwawo azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo "ezitshalwa" ezinhle kakhulu.

Ukusatshalaliswa okukhulu kakhulu nesimo sezinhlobo eziyisisekelo zesitshalo sathola inhlobo eyodwa kuphela - enhle kakhulu Acidanthera bicolor (Acididanthera bicolor) Ngayo yonke imithetho, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibizwe gladiolus muliel (Gladiolus mulielau), kepha enkulisa naphakathi kwabalimi usaziwa ngegama lakhe lakudala. Futhi lesi sitshalo sinegama "lesidlaliso" - ukusuka ku-gladiolus elimnandi kuya ku-"gladiolus" ebusika ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokuthi le acidic iyathengiswa njengokuphela kwe gladiolus engabusika emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo balezi zinhlobo kufanele bufake ukumba kusuka emhlabathini nokubugcina bungaphakathi ezindlini.

Imibala emibili ye-Acidanthera ifinyelela ku-120 cm, igqamile enamandla, ilula kakhulu, ihlumela amahlumela amancane ngaphezulu. Amaqabunga ale acidanthera yi-xiphoid-linear, enombala oluhlaza olukhanyayo, afinyelela ubude bengxenye yemitha futhi aningi ngokwanele ukwakha ijakhethi enhle yokutshala kweqembu. Izimbali ze-gladiolus Muriel zifinyelela kububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-12. Zibe ukhilimu noma zimhlophe qhwa, zinephunga elimnandi, ezinendawo enkulu ehlukene phakathi nendawo futhi zibukeka kamnandi, zibukeka zikanokusho, zintanta emoyeni. Kumabhulukwe aphezulu, kuqoqwa ama-inflorescence abukeka njenge-spike, kufaka phakathi izimbali ezintathu kuya kwezingu-8. Lokhu kuqhakaza i-acidanthera sekwephuzile, ngo-Agasti-Septhemba ngotshalo lweMay classic.

IGeissoriza stemless (Geissorhiza exscapa), isichazamazwi se-Acidanthera tubular (Acidanthera tubulosa). © naturgucker

Ezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezivame kakhulu, kepha kufanele zisatshalaliswe njengesiqubulo sezimbali esithinta inhliziyo:

Isikhuhlu Esingajwayelekile - Ukuziqhenya ama-acid amabi (Acididhera graminifolia, ngokuya ngezigaba zesimanje - ifomu ukuqhakaza gladiolus (Gladiolus floribundus)). Amaqabunga ayo awawona ama-xiphoid, kepha acinile, njengamahlamvu ejwayelekile engadi. Kepha hhayi kuphela amaqabunga enza lesi sitshalo sibe sangempela, kodwa futhi siwohloke, sinezimbali ezinamanzi amhlophe angcolile angenasici.
Kugeleza i-Acidanthera (Acididhera pauciflora ngokuya ngezigaba zesimanje - ifomu ukuqhakaza gladiolus (Gladiolus floribundus)) Ubuye futhi akhiqize amaqabunga amancanyana, atypical we-bicolor, kepha izimbali zakhe aziwona onsomi, kodwa zibomvu.
Okusajingijolo hue amabala on a imbali - uphawu Ama-Acidanters apinki namhlophe (Acididhera roseoalbangokuya ngemininingwane yakamuva - IGeissoriza pink and white (Geissorhiza roseoalba)), okuyinto engajwayelekile.
Acidantera tropical (Acididanthera aequinoctialisIgama elisha I-Gladiolus tropical (Gladiolus aequinoctialis)) ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungama-130 cm, ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga anobambo, ama-inflorescence amabili we-5-6 mhlophe, anezindawo zokukhanya okusahlaza okwesibhakabhaka zezimbali ezineshubhu ende.
At ICape Acidanters (Acididhera capensisihlelwe kabusha njenge Ixia paniculata (Ixia paniculata) esikhundleni samabala, izimbali ezimhlophe zihlobisa imisebe ebubende.
Acidantera White (Acidanthera Candida, enguqulweni yesimanje - umhlophe gladiolus (Gladiolus Emperus)) ihlukaniswa yiphunga elinamandla, elinamandla kakhulu nombala omhlophe weqhwa.
At kusabalele (Acididhera platypetalaifomu I-Gladiolus longicollis subsp. ipopypetalus) ama-loberi amaningi ayindilinga, enza isitshalo sifane nama-orchid.
Ishubhu elifushane le-Acidanthera (Acididhera brevicollis / Gladiolus gueinzii) okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo ezinezimbali ezinombala okhanyayo onsomi, lapho kufuduselwa khona ithambo. Izimbali ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence ama-3-4 ama-pcs.
Acidante Fourcade (Acididhera ezinecadei, ngokuya ngemininingwane yakamuva, ibuye ingene IGeissorizu Fourcade (I-Geissorhiza fourcadei)) futhi ingeyezinhlobo zemibala engandile, i-flaunts izimbali ezingama-1-2 kuphela ngombala obomvana nopinki.
Futhi i-pink isici se ama-tubular acidants (Acididhera tubulosa manje IGeissoriza ayinamali (I-geissorhiza exscapa)), kepha uneshubhu eside kakhulu nezimbali ezinhle.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-acidants engadini yokuhlobisa:

njengomkhosi, wemikhosi, wokuqedela isizatho ekwakhiweni kwemibhede yezimbali;
ngamaqembu ngemuva ngemuva kwotshani, eziqhingini zezimbali zonyaka;
ezingomeni ezixubile engadini yangaphambili;
njengesiqholo esimnandi ekwakhiweni kombhede wezimbali nemibhede yezimbali eduze kwezindawo zokuzijabulisa nezindawo zokuzithokozisa;
endimeni yesitshalo esibunjiwe noma esitsheni;
njengesilimo sokusika (kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iphunga elinamandla lesitshalo akulona elawo wonke umuntu)

Abalingani abahle kakhulu bama-acidants: i-aster, i-sage, i-aconites, i-emilia, i-monarda, i-gladiolus, i-coreopsis.

Isu Lokukhula le-Acidanthera

I-Acidanthera ithathwa njengengokusika, ingadi kanye nokubekelwa endlini. Akudingekile ukuyikhulisa kuphela enhlabathini evulekile, futhi nangokwejwayelekile. Cishe noma yisiphi isitshalo esinezimbali ezinamandla noma esinamandla amakhulu, i-acidifier ilungele ngisho nohlobo lokunambitheka. U-Acidanthera uzizwa emuhle kakhulu ngokugcina izithombo.

IGeissoriza pink and white (Geissorhiza roseoalba), isichazamazwi se-Acidantera pink and white (Acidanthera roseoalba). © ukuphuma

Kepha ukwahluka okunjalo kunobubi bayo. I-Acidanthera isitshalo esithanda ukuqina kwezimo ezikhulayo. Ukuqhakaza kwakhe ngqo kuncike ekushiseni nasekukhanyiseni, futhi uma ukhulisa lobu buhle engadini, khona-ke impumelelo ngeke incike emizamweni yakho kuphela, kepha futhi nesimo sezulu. Uma ihlobo lavela ukuthi aliphumelelanga, lana imvula futhi libanda kakhulu, khona-ke lobu buhle bungase bungavumeli imbali eyodwa. Kepha ngeminyaka ephumelelayo, i-acidant izodlula zonke izimbangi zayo.

Izimo Ezidingwa Ama-Acidants

Kulula ukuthola izimo ezifanele engadini ye-acidanter. Lesi yisiko eliqhamukayo, elihlala ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, ngenxa yobukhulu behlobo, litshalwa kahle kuphela ezindaweni ezinelanga.

Ukugxila ikakhulukazi kulinywe ama-acidants kufanele kunikezwe ekukhetheni inhlabathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ama-acidants anikeze inhlabathi ngengozi encane yokuxineka kwamanzi, akhishwe futhi akhanyiswe. Inhlabathi kumele ibe sezingeni eliphakeme, ithuthukiswe ngokujulile futhi ivundile. Nakisisa ukusabela: ama-acidants akhetha inhlabathi enobuthi obuncane.

Esikhaleni segumbi nasembizeni, i-acidantra idinga izimo ezifanayo. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube okugqamile, kepha okuphazamisayo, okuvikelwe ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuqukethwe lingama-degree Celsius angama-20, kuyilapho indawo akufanele ibe yimfudumalo kuphela, kepha ivikeleke kokusalungiswa okuncane. Ingxenye esezingeni eliphezulu evulekile neyinempilo kuphela efanele yona (ingxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-turf, inhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-humus nesihlabathi iyathandeka). Naka iziqukathi: Ama-acid ayiwuthandi umhlabathi wamahhala ngokweqile, awutyala emabhodweni onesilinganiso esingaba ngu-12-15 cm (kanti nokutshala akuyona "eyodwa", kepha ama-3-6 bulbs esitsheni esisodwa).

I-Gladiolus white (Gladiolusrelius), isichazamazwi se-Acidanthera esimhlophe (Acidanthera Candida).

Ukufakwa kwama-acidants

Ukwenza ngcono inhlabathi kokuqala kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu. Futhi kuma-acidants, kufanele wenziwe ekwindla, hhayi entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngesikhathi sokumba, umanyolo we-organic (mhlawumbe umquba) nengxenye ejwayelekile yomanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali kufanele wengezwe enhlabathini, uma kunesidingo, ukubekeka, isihlabathi, kanye nodonsa kufanele kubekwe ukuze kuhlawulelwe umswakama obedlulele. Ukuphuculwa kwesikhathi esisodwa kungathathelwa indawo ngokumba okujwayelekile nge-organic, bese kuxuba umanyolo wamaminerali ogcwele nomhlabathi osuvele lapho utshala.

Izikhathi zokufika kwe-Acidanthera zilinganiselwe. Ngokwesiko, lesi sitshalo sitshalwa entwasahlobo, ngoMeyi.

Ama-bulb acidants kumele alungiselelwe ukutshala. Izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala okuhleliwe, kufanele ihlanzwe ngokucophelela igobolondo elomile, lihlolwe futhi lifakwe kwikhambi le-potanganum permanganate ekuqoqweni eliphansi ukuvikela ukusakazeka kwezinambuzane nezifo.

Lapho utshala ama-corms, kubalulekile ukuwabeka ekujuleni okwanele ukuze kuvikeleke kungazelelwe ebusuku obandayo. Izinhlamvu ze-Acidanthera zibekwa ekujuleni okungaba ngu-10-12 cm, ukuze zihambisane kahle. Kusele ibanga elincane elingama-15-20 cm phakathi kwezitshalo, kanti umucu omncane uma umncane, usondelene nomakhelwane.

Ukuze usheshise izimbali futhi ujabulele ubuhle bama-acidicanters isikhathi eside, ama-bulbs angatshalwa emabhodweni ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini bese edluliselwa engadini ngemuva kokusabalala kwesithwathwa sekwephuzile. Amabhule atshalwe emabhodweni ngokuya ngemithetho efanayo nasenhlabathini, kepha afakwa aminyene kakhulu, afinyelela kuma-3-6 bulbs esitsheni ngasinye enobubanzi obungu-12-15 cm futhi hhayi ajule kangako, angama-3-4 cm kuphela. egumbini elifudumele nelikhanyise ngokugqamile noma endlini ebamba ukushisa ngaphakathi kukhanya elikhanyayo.

IGladiolus iqhakaza kakhulu (Gladiolus floribundus), isichazamazwi se-Acidanthera maliforum (Acidanthera graminifolia). © dogtooth77

Ama-acid asendlini futhi abekwe kuwo awasuswa enhlabathini ukuze athole ubusika. Simane zonke intwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokushwibeka, zidluliselwe kwisigcawu esisha ngokusho kwemithetho efanayo nangokunikezwa kwezipuni zakuqala.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Acidan

I-Acidanthera idinga ukuthambisa njalo. Kulesi sitshalo kuyadingeka ukunxephezela noma isomiso esincane, kepha ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amanzi awagxili futhi umswakama wenhlabathi awukwedluleli.

I-acidantra yokugqoka ephezulu izodingeka hhayi kuphela ngokuqhakaza okumibalabala nokuchichimayo, kodwa futhi nokuvuthwa okujwayelekile kwamabhu. Galela lesi sitshalo kathathu ngesizini:

ngesikhathi sokutshala, ngokuphuculwa kwenhlabathi;
ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kakhulu, lapho i-acidantra ikhula imifino futhi ikhula ngokushesha;
esigabeni sokuhluma noma ekuqaleni kwezimbali.

Izakhi ezibalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezitshalo ukukhulula inhlabathi nokukhulisa izithombo. Lesi sakamuva sikuvumela ukuthi unciphise ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo esidingekayo, susa izinkinga eziningi. Ukugoqa inhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-acidanthera, ungasebenzisa i-peat, nomquba, nezinto zokutshala. Uma i-mulching ingenziwa, khona-ke inhlabathi kufanele ifakelwe amanzi, ikhululwe ngemuva kwemvula enkulu noma ukuthambisa.

Ngokungafani nama-bulbs amaningi, kuma-acidants, ukuguqulela esigabeni sokuphumula kufanele kukhuthazwe ngokuzimela. Ngokushesha nje lapho sekuqediwe ukuqhakaza izimbali, cishe yonke ingxenye yomoya ye-acidacea idinga ukunqunywa. Shiya amaqabunga aphansi kuphela adingekayo ekuvuthweni kwama bulbs.

Ama-acid asembobeni nangaphakathi adinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile:

izitshalo ziniselwa kancane lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lwenza ngaphandle kokugcotshwa kwamanzi nesomiso;
ukugqoka okuphezulu kukhulu, ngokuqondene namaflaya ajwayelekile;
ebusika, ukuthambisa kuncishisiwe ngokuphelele, ama-bulb awumbiwa, kodwa abekwe ezimisweni ezidingekayo ngqo nenhlabathi.

Dig Acidanthera

Shesha ngokumba ama-acid ama-acid kusuka enhlabathini awafanele. Ngemuva kokuthena, ama kufanele aqukethe izakhamzimba nomswakama, ovuthiwe. Futhi ukumba okuvela enhlabathini kumele kwenziwe kuphela ngokufika kwesithwathwa sokuqala sekwindla, hhayi ngaphambi kukaSepthemba noma ukuqondiswa yisimo sezulu (ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle nokuqhakaza kwezimbali okuhlala isikhathi eside kungahlehliswa kuze kube nguDisemba). I-acidanthera yemba ngaphandle kwenhlabathi ngobunono, inomhlaba omkhulu ogcwele, osuswa ezintweni zokutshala ngesandla. Izimpande, ngisho nezincane kakhulu, akufanele zihlukaniswe noma zinqunywe. Ngemuva kokumba, zonke izinsalela zezingxenye zomhlabathi zesitshalo zidinga ukusikwa, ama ahlolwe ngokucophelela futhi athunyelwe ukuze ome.

Isigaba sokumiswa kwama bulbs senziwa emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-20 degrees Celsius, kube nokujikeleza komoya okusebenzayo. Kodwa ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi, ama-acidants, isikhathi sokumisa okufudumele asihlali izinsuku ezingama-3-4, kodwa inyanga yonke. Ukomisa kuqedwa ngokususwa kwezimpande ezomile, ukuhlanza kokugcina kwama-asidi.

Ama-Acidanters ebusika

Ngemuva kokuchitha inyanga esiteji esomile sokushisa, ama-bulbs kufanele abekwe emigqonyeni yamaphepha azosiza ukuvikela impahla yokutshala kusuka ekukhanyeni nasemswakama ngokweqile, futhi kuqinise izimo. I-Acidanthera kufanele igcinwe ebusika ezimweni ezifudumele ngokwezinga eliphakeme: lobu buhle bulungele amakamelo anomoya owomile, umoya ophansi njalo kanye lokushisa okuzinzile okungaba ngu-15 degrees Celsius. Uma sikhuluma ngama-acid abunjiwe ebusika endaweni engaphansi eyomile ngqo ezitsheni, khona-ke izinga lokushisa elingama-degrees ayi-12 alungele wona.

Ezifundeni ezinobusika obuthambile, ama-acidacean angabusika enhlabathini ngaphandle kokumba, kepha kulokhu, izitshalo zidinga ukuvikela ubusika ngokuhlala. Ukutshala ama-acidants spud ngamaqabunga owomile kanye namagatsha e-spruce. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukoma nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa kuzoba yinto ebalulekile empumelelweni yobusika.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

Ama-acidanters ayizintandokazi zeminenke kanye nama-slugs. Ukutshala kwalesi sitshalo kudinga ukufakwa kwezicupho, ukugoqeka ngotshani nokuqapha ngokucophelela: uma ubheka ukuvela kwama-slugs okuqala, khona-ke awekho amaqabunga angashiya amaqabunga ama-acidants. Kepha kulezi zifo, kuyamangaza ngokumangazayo ukuthi uhlupheka kakhulu ngokubola. Asongela ama-acid kuphela ezimweni ezimanzi, ngokunisela ngokweqile.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-gladiolus enephunga elimnandi

Njengawo wonke ama-acid, i-acidanthera izala kahle yizingane, ama-corms endodakazi. Ukwehlukaniswa kwabo kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokumbiwa kwama-acidants, ukutshala kuyenziwa nangabantu abadala bezimpande zezimpawu zomama abadala.

Ingasakazwa yi-acidifier nembewu. Kuhlwanyelwa ngoFebhuwari, engxenyeni esezingeni eliphakeme futhi imila ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi ngokufudumele nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ama-acidants anikeze umswakama oqinile, okhanyayo womhlabathi. Njengoba zikhula, zikhipha amaqabunga aqinile, izitshalo zigaxela eyodwa ngasikhathi sinye emabhodweni amancane noma ezingilazini I-Acidanthera etshalwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni izothuthuka kuphela ngonyaka wesibili, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kamuva, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyikhulisa kusiko lembiza eminyakeni emibili yokuqala. I-Acidanthera itshalwe enhlabathini kuphela lapho ama-corms esefinyelele osayizi abajwayelekile, aba namandla, futhi kaningi emva kokuqhakaza kokuqala.