I-Amorphophallus (Amorphophallus) isitshalo esinqunyiwe somndeni we-aroid (Araceae). Izwe lakubo yi-Indochina. Leli gama lihambisana nokuvela kwama-inflorescence - ama-cobs futhi livela ekuhlanganisweni kwamagama amabili esiGreki "Amorpho" no "Phallus", elihumusha ngokuthi "ongenakubumba" nelithi "ukudubula", ngokulandelana.
Ama-Amorphophallus angamalungu eqembu lama-ephemeroids, anesikhathi esifushane sokuphila futhi aphumule cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Isitshalo ngasinye senza i-tuber, ecishe ifane nosawolintshi omkhulu, futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu amahlanu. Kuleli bhulabhu kuvela ukukhula kwesiqu esikhulu esiluhlaza, esifana nesiqu sesundu. Kuvela kuso iqabunga elilodwa lendlu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enamabala amhlophe. Ubukhulu beshidi elinjalo lingafinyelela amamitha owodwa nesigamu. Iyinkimbinkimbi, ipuleti layo liyi-tripartite futhi ihlakazeke kabili ngokulinganayo, futhi i-petiole ayinalutho ngaphakathi.
Incazelo yezitshalo
Amaqabunga e-Amorphophallus ashiya izinyanga ezi-6,7 kuphela ngonyaka, imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, futhi kusukela maphakathi no-Okthoba aqala ukuphenduka aphuzi futhi afe. Iqabunga ngalinye elisha likhula lide futhi linokusikeka okuningi kunangonyaka odlule.
Izimbali ziqala ngemuva kokudlula kwesikhathi sokugcina, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga lingakaveli. Ihlala cishe amasonto amabili futhi igcina ngaphambi kokukhula kwezimpande ezintsha. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, usayizi we-tuberous uncishiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okunamandla kwezinto ezidingekayo ekudleni okunempilo kanye nokuvela kwembali. Ngakho-ke, emavikini amathathu noma amane alandelayo lesi sitshalo siphinde sibe semakhayeni alandelayo, ekugcineni iqabunga liphinda livele. Kwenzeka ukuthi isikhathi sokuhlala kwe-tuberous siside, kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Futhi uma imbali impova, khona-ke emva kokuba kuvela isibelethisi sokuzala, lapho amajikijolo anempilo enezinhlamvu azothuthukiswa. Isitshalo uqobo siyafa.
I-Amormophallus inempahla engajwayelekile - izimbali zazo zinikezwa iphunga elingajabulisi, ezazidume ngokuthi izimbali ze-cadaveric. Ifana nephunga le-rodent elijikelezayo noma inhlanzi eyonakalisiwe futhi ihlala usuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili. Iphunga lizibiza ngalo zonke izinambuzane ezingalihambisa impova. Imbali yesilisa i-amorphophallus ivula emva kwensikazi, ngakho-ke, inqubo yokuziqothula iyivelakancane impela. Ukuze impova yenzeke, kudingeka okungenani izitshalo ezimbili ezinezimbali ezifanayo.
Nakekela i-amorphophallus ekhaya
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Zonke i-amorphophallus zinezithombe eziningi, zithanda ukukhanya okugqamile nokukhanya. Ngakho-ke, kuyathandeka ukugcina i-amorphophallus kuleyo ngxenye yegumbi lapho kuzofika khona isibani esanele sokukhanya.
Ukushisa
Kwama-amorphophallus, izinga lokushisa lamagumbi angama-20-25 degrees lilungile, kepha ngesikhathi sokuwa, imbali idinga ukwehliswa ibe ngama-10-12 degrees.
Umswakama womoya
Umswakama okhuphukayo womoya kufanele ugcinwe njalo lapho kukhula i-amorphophallus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badinga ukufafazwa njalo kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza.
Ukunisela
Ngesikhathi lapho lesi sitshalo sisesigabeni sokukhula, kumele sophuziswe kakhulu, ukuvikela amanzi ukuthi angangeni ku-tuber. Futhi ngemuva kwamaqabunga aqabayo, ukuthambisa kufanele kube nomkhawulo ngokuphelele.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ngemuva kokuba sekuvele amahlumela amasha, i-amorphophallus idinga ukondliwa kanye isigamu senyanga ngokushintsha umanyolo we-organic kanye ne-mineral. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi udinga i-phosphorus eningi. Ukuze uthole isisindo esisheshayo se-tuber, umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus kufanele usetshenziswe ku-1: 2: 3 noma kangcono i-1: 1: 4. Uma nezilimo eziyizigaxa zinkulu, zengeza enye inhlabathi yeqabunga enhlabathini yazo. Ngaphambi kokondla, udinga ukunisela inhlabathi ngamandla ebhodweni.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Isikhathi sokuphumula yisigaba esiphoqelekile ekwakhiweni kwe-amorphophallus. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sobusika, ususa amaqabunga. Kuzoba kuhle ukuthumela imbiza nayo endaweni emnyama nepholile, ngezikhathi ezithile yokuthoba umswakama.
Uma ibhubhu libolile, kufanele livuselelwe ngokususa ingxenye ethintekile ngommese obukhali. Ngokulandelayo, lezi zingxenye kufanele zicutshungulwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe bese zishiywe zome cishe usuku. Ngemuva kwale nqubo, i-tuber itshalwe ingxube elungiselelwe.
Abalimi abaningi abancomi ukuthi kugcinwe nezilimo eziyizigaxa enhlabathini. Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga eseluliwe, izimbotshana zidinga ukukhishwa ebhodweni, zigwetshwe ngobunono emhlabathini futhi zihlolwe. Uma i-tuber yendodakazi ivele, khona-ke ihlukaniswe, futhi lapho kuvela ukubola, izingxenye ezifile ziyasuswa futhi zihlanzwa ngesisombululo esinamandla se-potanganum permanganate. Ngemuva kwalokho, ishubhu lisuswa endaweni eyomile, efudumele futhi emnyama.
Ukufakelwa
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zidinga ukutshalwa emabhodweni amakhudlwana ngokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi elandelayo: i-turf, humus, peat kanye neqabunga lomhlaba ngokufakwa kwesihlabathi ngokulingana okulinganayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-amorphophallus
Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngenxa yezingane, imbewu kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-tuber. I-Amorphophallus ivame ukusakazwa yizingane. Ngemuva kokushona kwamaqabunga kanye nokuqala kokuphela kwesidumbu, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthola ama-tuber bese sihlukanisa amaqhubu endodakazi kuwo, agcinwe ekushiseni kwama-degree angu-10-14 nesitshalo entwasahlobo.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezikhulelwe nazo zingahlukaniswa, into esemqoka ukuthi engxenyeni ngayinye kukhona izinso ezihlumile. Isilayidi sidinga ukucutshungulwa, somiswe futhi sitshale, sinisela ngokucophelela ekuqaleni. Kodwa ukuzala kabusha usebenzisa imbewu kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Lapho isakazwa imbewu, i-amorphophallus entsha ingaqhakaza kuphela emva kweminyaka embalwa.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Onke ama-amorphophallus amelana nezinambuzane, kepha amaqabunga amancane ayahlaselwa ukubonakala kwezigcawu zesidleke kanye nama-aphid. Ukuchelela ngokweqile kunomthelela ekuwohlokeni kwezimpande, futhi ukungathandeki kwaso kukomiswa kwamaqabunga, okungenzeka futhi ngenxa yokukhanya okungalungile.
