I-Astilba yaziswa ngabalimi abahle nabasebenza ngama-amateurs ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo, kanye nokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza kwezimbali okude. Imbali ekhulayo ibukeka kahle, noma ngabe ayiqhakaza - amaqabunga amahle aluhlaza efomu elithandekayo angahlobisa noma yisiphi isigcawu somuntu siqu. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi ungakhula kanjani kahle ama-astilbe emhlabathini ovulekile, izici zokutshala, ukunakekelwa nezithombe zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zalesi sihlahla.
Izici zokuziphatha kanye nezimpawu zezimbali
I-Astilba ibukeka ingeyokuqala futhi ibukeka, futhi uma iqhakaza, imane iguqula yonke insimu yekhaya. Kuyahlobisa isihlahla esinamaqabunga ahlakazekile luhlaza okhanyayo, otholakala emagatsheni e-red hue.
Abalimi bakhetha i-astilbe hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuqhakaza okufudumele, kodwa futhi ngoba, ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo eziningi, ingaba semthunzini oqhubekayo lapho sekutshala, kwakha ukuqhakaza okumibalabala okuhle. Kepha ukufiphaza okuqinile ku-contraindified ngisho nakulesi sitshalo. Ikakhulu ngokufika emthunzini oyingxenye.
I-Astilba ingakhuthazelela iqhwa elinzima ngokuqinile, icishe ingadalulwa izifo, futhi izinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi zindizela eceleni kwayo. Le yinketho engcono kakhulu yomtshali wokuqalisa.
I-Astilba iyimbali engapheli; izwe lakubo yi-Asia neJapan. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-300, ngayinye yazo inosayizi wayo, ukuma, umbala nobukhazikhazi bezimbali. Ukukhula kwalesi sitshalo kungaba ebangeni le-15-250 cm. Izimbali zisekuhlatsheni ngo-15260 cm ubude, ngemuva kokuvela “kwamabhokisi” aqhakazayo, lapho kukhona khona imbewu encane. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-astilbe ziqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni.
Ingxenye yalesi sitshalo ifa ebusika, bese uhlelo lwezimpande lulindele isithwathwa bese luqala ukukhula entwasahlobo. Njalo ngonyaka, izinso zakha phezu kwezimpande, zinikeze ukukhula okungaba ngu-4 cm, kuthi ingxenye engezansi ifa ngemuva kwesikhashana. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okumnandi kwezinso ezakhekile, ngemuva kokushona, inhlabathi ithululelwa ezimpandeni eziveziwe.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene ze-Astilbe
Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, abafuyi bayithanda kakhulu i-astilbe enhle kakhulu, kangangokuba badala izinhlobo zayo ezingaphezu kuka-300. Ngeke sichaze ubuhle bodwa, kepha bheka kuphela okuvame kakhulu nokuhle.
Isincomo: lapho ukhetha i-astilbe, sikucebisa ukuthi uthenge i-pitchfork ngobude phakathi kwama-55-75 cm. Lezi zihlahla ezinkulu zibekezelela kangcono isimo sezulu esibi nesithwathwa.
Ama-Astilba Arends
Lokhu kuwumndeni wonke we-astilbe, omelelwa yi-50 nzalo evela ngenxa yokukhethwa kwesidondosivini esikhulu uDavid astilbe. Ziyahlukahluka ngemifino ethuthukisiwe efinyelela ku-160 cm ukuphakama. Inesimo esenziwe ngesigaxa noma esiyisiyingi esinemifino eluhlaza. Izimbali ziza ngemithunzi ehlukene ngokuphelele ukusuka kumhlophe omsulwa kuya kokhanyayo onsomi.
Ama-hybrid bush ahluke ngosayizi nobude bezimbali isikhathi eside - ngaphezu kwenyanga. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhangayo kakhulu zadalwa nguG. Arends, ngoba isigaba sabantu ababizwa inzalo saqanjwa ngemuva kwalososayensi. Isibonelo, iGloria astilbe yisitshalo esidala esingafika ku-90 cm ubude ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Lesi sihlahla kulula ebusika futhi sikhule, cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi ngaphandle kwesihlabathi. Kuboniswa ama-inflorescence apinki apinki ngendlela ye-rhombus, iphunga elimnandi nobuthakathaka bamahlamvu. UGloria uthanda amanziNgakho-ke, kungcono ukuyitshala ogwini lwechibi noma echibini lokufakelwa. Okunye nzalo:
- ILiliput iyisitshalo esincane esifinyelela ku-30 cm. Ama-inflorescence amnyama apinki aqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. ILiliput ilungele ukuhlinzeka igquma le-alpine noma ingadi encane yezimbali engadini.
- Eqa & Jive isihlahla esingamamitha amade esiqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaJuni. Dala ama-inflorescence amakhulu ezinhlamvu ezingama-pinkish hue aqhathana kahle namahlamvu aluhlaza.
- I-Boogie Woogie nayo iyinhlobo eyi-hybrid ekhula ngamasentimitha angama-60-75. NgoJulayi, izokujabulisa ngezimbali eziqhakazile ezimise okwedayimane enikeza isihlahla isimo esihle.
I-astilbe yamaShayina
Lesi sitshalo singaba ngu-120 cm ubude, sinamaqabunga amakhulu asondele ezimpandeni futhi amancanyana aseduze kwe-inflorescence. Ukuqala okuqhakaza kahle kubekiwe phansi ama-inflorescence aze afike ku-30 cm ngosayizi ngezimbali ezincane zohlobo oluhlaza onsomi.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingagxiliwe ze-Chinese astilbe ezifika ku-30 cm ubude nezinhlobo ezinezimbali ezingama-pyramidal. Le nhlobonhlobo yamabhushi izizwa iqiniseka ngokwengeziwe lapho ikhula ezindaweni ezingaboli futhi isesimweni esilinganayo.
I-astilbe yaseJapan
Lesi akusona isihlahla ebhentshisi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla (kufika ku-75 cm) futhi sibonisa ngamaqabunga amancanyana, ahlukaniswe ngamaphethelo ngephethini ebekiwe. Izimbali ezipinki nezimhlophe ziyaqhakaza ngaphambili kunezinye izinhlobo, kuyilapho ngisho nokomisa ama-inflorescences empeleni zingalahli isimo sazo futhi zihlobise umbhede wezimbali kuze kube sekupheleni ekwindla.
I-astilba yaseJapan iyi-hybrid leyo waletha u-Arendson ngonyaka we-1838. Kusukela ngalesosikhathi, ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezilimo selakhiwe, zibonakaliswa ukumelana nesithwathwa nokusinda okuhle kunoma yisiphi isifunda.
I-Leil Astilbe
Le hybrid kabi kakhulu ibona isimo sezulu esomile futhi idinga ukuthambisa kanzima ngezikhathi ezithile. Isitshalo singaba nobude obungafika kwesigamu semitha bese sakha ama-inflorescence ancishisiwe.
Izindlela zokusakazeka ze-Astilba
Ukukhula nge-astilbe ekotishi lasehlobo kungumsebenzi olula. Isitshalo sisakazeka ngembewu nangendlela yemifino. Ngesikhathi sokugcina, ukuhlukaniswa kwesitshalo nokukhiqizwa kabusha ngamahlamvu kungenzeka. Futhi uma le ndlela ilungele abaqalayo, khona-ke indlela yembewu ikuvumela ukuthi ubonise izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Imbewu itholakala emabhokisini angena esikhundleni sezimbali ezinhle. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubahlwanyele ngoMashi, ubathobe ekuhlatshweni. Kungani imbewu ifakwa esitsheni sesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngesilinganiso se-1: 1, ibeka phezulu ungqimba lweqhwa 1 cm ("iqhwa" elifanele kusuka efrijini).
Isithwathwa seqhwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, siminyanisa umhlaba, siwcebisa ngezinto eziwusizo futhi sicwilise imbewu enhlabathini. Lapho iqhwa selincibilikile ngokuphelele, isitsha kufanele simbozwe nge-foil bese sibeka phansi esiqandisini amasonto ama-3. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwakheka izithombo zokuqala, zizothuthukiswa futhi zizobekezelela ubusika obulandelayo.
Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, amahlumela ehlathi adluliselwa egumbini eliqhakazile elinokushisa kwe + 22C. Nisela izitshalo ngokucophelela, usebenzisa isirinji ngaphandle kwenalithi nokuqondisa amanzi kuphela ngaphansi kwempande.
Lapho izithombo ziba namandla kancane bese kuvela amaqabunga amaningana, zithuthele kumabhodwe amancane.
Ukunakwa: i-variilal astilbe ayikwazi ukuzala kabusha ngosizo lwembewu, ngoba ama-nzalo awakwazi ukugcina izimpawu zawo. Amabhasi akhulwe ngale ndlela asetshenziswa kuphela ekuzaleni.
Ukusabalalisa ukwahlukanisa kwezitshalo
Njengomthetho, i-astilbe ikhiqizwa ngokuhlukanisa izitshalo. Lokhu kukhetho olulula nolusebenzayo.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwezitshalo:
- Susa ngokucophelela inhlabathi eduze kwesitshalo esinobubanzi be-17-25 cm bese uthola isigaxa sobumba ngohlelo lwezimpande.
- Susa inhlabathi eyeqile ukuze uhlanze izimpande.
- Sika izimpande ngommese zibe izicucu, okungenani izinso ezi-3 engxenyeni ngayinye.
- Tshala izihlahla ezinebanga elingama-25 bese uhlela ukuthambisa okwanele nsuku zonke.
Uma uhlukanisa lesi sitshalo ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, khona-ke ekwindla isihlahla siyovele sikujabulise ngezimbali zaso.
Ukuzala Izinso
Lokhu kuzalanisa yikhona okushesha kakhulu. Kumele kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo, lapho amahlumela ekhula. Sika ngokucophelela ama-buds nezimpande bese ugcwalisa ukusika egatsheni ngamalahle, ukuze izinto eziyingozi zingangeni ngaphakathi.
Tshala izithombo ezisikiwe ku-peat kanye ne-gravel ingxube ku-3: 1 bese uyimboza ngefilimu. Ngaphambi kokudlulisa isihlahla singena emhlabathini ovulekile, kuphoqelekile ukuba sikhule futhi siqale ukukhula kwaso. Ungatshala isihlahla esizeni kuphela ekwindla.
Ukufakelwa
Ukutshala lesi sitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile nokunakekelwa ngeke kudinge amakhono amakhulu nezindleko. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukukhetha indawo efanelekile futhi uhlele izimo ezidingekayo. Izitshalo zidinga ukutshalwa ekupheleni kukaMeyi kusuka ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwalesi siza ngomthunzi oyingxenye.
Uma kukhona ichibi endaweni yakho, khona-ke hlaba indawo yezinkanyezi eduze kwayo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha inhlabathi evundile loamy. Kudingeka umswakama ebangeni le-5.4-6.4 pH. Uma kukhona abasubathi abaseduze kwe-astilbe, khona-ke amaqabunga abo ngeke avumele isihlahla ukuba sisebenze ngokweqile ehlobo.
Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala, udinga ukuthi ubheke isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, i-astilbe, eqhakaza ngoJulayi, ithanda izindawo ezimnyama ngaphezulu, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zizizwa zilungile emthunzini naselangeni.
Ngokuvamile, noma yimuphi umhlabathi ulungele i-astilbe, kepha uma udinga ukuthola ukuqhakaza okude nokuqhakaza, udinga ukukhetha isiza lapho amanzi asemhlabeni aseduze kobuso. Udinga futhi ukunakekela ubukhona be-phosphorus ne-potassium enhlabathini. Ukumba izimbobo zokukhiqiza kabusha, engeza umanyolo onzima ku-35 g / sq. ama-2 nezinombolo ezi-2 zokudla kwamathambo. Uma utshala i-astilbe embhedeni wezimbali, bese wenza ukujula okungama-35 cm bese ubeka izengezo ezingenhla ezihlanganiswa ne-humus exubekile.
Izigaba zokufika kwe-astilbe:
- Bamba phezu kwendawo bese ususa lonke utshani bokhula.
- Galela inhlabathi.
- Uma kunesidingo, lime ngefulawa ye-dolomite.
- Yenza ukwehla okungama-35 cm ngebanga elingama-40 cm.
- Faka umanyolo bese uwaphuzisa.
- Tshala amahlumela bese ufafaza ukuze ugqinsi lomhlabathi ngaphezulu kwezinso lube okungenani ama-5 cm.
- Thinta inhlabathi nemboza sezithombo semifuno ngomquba.
Ukunakekelwa
Isici salesi sitshalo ukuthi izimpande zikhula ziye phezulu, futhi zinganamatheli phansi, njengakwezinye izihlahla. Kulokhu, izinqubo ezingezansi ziyafa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Futhi uma ungahleleli okuphakelayo okujwayelekile kwezimpande ezintsha, khona-ke isitshalo sizofa. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukufafaza izimpande ezingenalutho ngomhlabathi minyaka yonke futhi uzivimbele ekubeni zome.
Isidingo esiyinhloko ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa ukuthambisa njalo. Ukufakwa emhlabeni jikelele njalo kuzovikela izimpande elangeni, futhi kunikeze nethuba lokulawula ukubukeka kokhula.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi imvamisa nenani lokunisela kuzoncika ohlotsheni lwe-astilbe, ngakho-ke funda izici zezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe, bukela ividiyo yokuqeqesha nesithombe ekutshaleni lesi sitshalo. Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwezimbali, zonke izinhlobo zidinga ukuthambisa okuthuthukile, futhi uma ihlobo lishisa, khona-ke kufanele kwenziwe kabili ngosuku. Udinga ukondla isihlahla entwasahlobo, unezela umanyolo we-nitrogen. Ngemuva kokugqoka okungaphezulu, umhlaba udinga ukugxunyekwa.
Izinambuzane
Njengoba izwe le-astilbe lingaphezulu kwemingcele yezwe lethu, alinazitha lapha, kodwa noma kunjalo, ezinye izinambuzane ezifana nalo. Kunedlanzana lazo, kepha nokho lingaletha umonakalo omkhulu kulesi sitshalo.
Isinambuzane esiyinhloko amapeni. Lesi sinambuzane esincane esindizayo esisa isisombululo se-mica-like feamy bese sibeka izibungu kuso. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngenxa yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali athile alezi zinsimbi kanye nokuba khona kwezibungu, amaqabunga alesi sitshalo asontekile futhi embozwe amabala ahlukahlukene. Kuvela lapho isihlahla siyabuna kancane noma sife ngokuphelele. I-chemistry ekhethekile izosiza ukuqeda lesi sinambuzane - uphondo, umlingisi, imfihlo noma i-karbofos.
Ezinye izinambuzane ezimbili kukhona sitrobheli kanye nenyongo nematode. Owokuqala ugcwele emacembe nasezimbali, ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga ayalulwa futhi anamandla, isihlahla sinciphisa ukukhula kwawo, siqale ukubuna futhi size sife.
I-nematode yenyongo ihlala ezimpandeni, ivuse ukubukeka kweziqu lapho izibungu zanda khona. Ungakubona ngokucacile ukuba khona kwalesi sidalwa kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo emva kokutheleleka, lapho isihlahla sikhula kabi, cishe asiniki izimbali. Izimpande ezithelelekile kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha bese ezinye zifafazwa nge-phytoderm.
Ukufingqa, singasho ukuthi sibonga izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezulu, i-astilbe ibukeka inkulu njengesitshalo esisodwa, izimbali zezimbali nemingcele. Lesi sihlahla sihlangana kahle namasiko ahlukahlukene otshani notshani, isibonelo, izinkathi zasemini, imikhosi, iminduze kanye no-geyherah. Ngenxa yokukhululeka kokunakekelwa, la mahlathi anamaqabunga ngempela azoba ngumhlobiso wanoma iyiphi insimu yekhaya.
