Izimbali zasekhaya zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Bacela usizo buthule, bebonisa ukungakhululeki ngokubukeka okuxakile, ukugoqa okumpunga, amaqabunga okomisa. Umsebenzi womlimi wezimbali ukuqonda ngesikhathi ukuthi yini i-adiantum yangaphakathi noma esinye isilwane esigulayo futhi sinikeze usizo olufika ngesikhathi. Izitshalo ezinempilo kuphela ezigcwalisa indlu ngenduduzo nempilo eguqukayo, zivikele i-aura futhi isize ukubuyisela ukuthula kwengqondo.
I-Motherland ye-Adiantum
I-Adiantum yaziwa ngegama elinye elithi fern. Emvelweni, kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezingaphezu kwama-300, kepha ekhaya kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zokuhlobisa nezingakheki. Kaningi ungathola izinwele zangaphakathi ze-adiantum veneren. Isitshalo esivulekile esinamaqabunga amancane abucayi atholakala kuma-petioles mncane njengezinwele ezimnyama. Ziningi futhi zakha ifu noma ukuphakama kwamanzi okuluhlaza okotshani, ngokuya ngezinhlobo nemibandela yokuboshwa.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lesi sitshalo ingamagquma asezintabeni, izimbobo namagogo asezansi komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, i-fern idinga ngasikhathi sinye:
- ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ukufiphaza imisebe eqondile;
- kufudumele, kepha hhayi ukushisa;
- umoya omusha, kepha ukuntuleka kokusalungiswa;
- umswakama oqhubekayo emoyeni nasemhlabeni, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina;
- ebusika, amazinga okushisa akufanele awele ngaphansi kwe-10, bese hhayi isikhathi eside.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezamukelekayo, i-fern isakazeka ngama-spores, ziningi futhi zingeniswa udoti lonke ihlobo. Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, iphinda kabili isisindo esiluhlaza ngonyaka. Ukulungisa imigodi phakathi kwamadwala e-Adiantum, kanye nama-moss nama-lichens, kuvuselela indawo enamadwala afudumele yendawo eshisayo. Ama-rhizomes ezinwabuzelayo akhulisa ukwanda kwamakholoni ngokushesha.
Nakekela i-adiantum ekhaya
Ukubheka kuphela izimo zokuphila ze-adiantum yegumbi, ungathola isihlahla esihle, esiletha ukulinganisela nokuzola emndenini. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ilunga elisha lomphakathi, udinga ukunakekela ukudala izimo kusengaphambili.
Kwi-adiantum, kukhethwa iwindi lasenyakatho noma isitshalo sibekwe endaweni yokumiswa ukuze imisebe yelanga ingathinti. Isitshalo sidinga ukuniselwa nsuku zonke, kepha ukuze kungabikho ukuzimuka kwamanzi. Ukugeza eshawini kanye ngesonto kwamukelekile. Amanzi okunisela kufanele afudumele, athambile, ngaphandle kwe-chlorine. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akuvamile futhi kungukukhishwa kuphela kumanyolo we-organic.
Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lekamelo kufanele libe ngu-22 degrees, ebusika lizungeze i-16-16. Esimweni esinjalo, futhi noma sinamaqabunga okufafaza, ukungabikhona kokubhaliwe kanye nentuthu kagwayi, lesi sitshalo sizoba ntofontofo. Uma inhlabathi ikhethwe kahle, nakekela ngokuhambisana nezidingo, izifo nezinambuzane ze-adiantum ezingasongelwanga
Izimpawu zezinambuzane nezifo zesifo se-adiantum
Umuntu angabona ukuthi kungani i-tugor yamaqabunga inciphile ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu: ukweqisa, izikhukhula, izifo kanye nezinambuzane kuxazululwe.
Umgcini wehostela onolwazi uzozwa inkathazo ngaphambi kokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo. Zonke izinsuku ezinakekela isilwane, uzophawula:
- amaqabunga akhipha kancane;
- ukubuyiselwa emuva kokukhula;
- ukulahleka kwamaqabunga;
- ukubonakala kwamabala akhanyayo noma amnyama.
Isikhathi sokubheka ukuthi ngabe izimo zokuvalelwa sezishintshile yini. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuzinguquko zezitshalo zenzeka zombili futhi zibe zimbi isikhathi eside, ukuhlaziya kumele kwenziwe emasontweni amabili edlule. Mhlawumbe imbangela izotholakala futhi iqedwe ngokushesha.
Zonke izifo zihlukaniswa ngokuthi zethulwe kusuka ngaphandle, ezithathelwanayo noma ngokomzimba, kokuqukethwe okungalungile. Ukuvela kwezinambuzane ezinambuzane kungenzeka nganoma iyiphi indlela. Izinyathelo zithathwa ngokufanele ngokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali noma ngokuguqula izimo zokuboshwa.
Kunoma ikuphi, isitshalo esibuthakathaka kuphela esingagula endaweni evaliwe, lapho umuntu eyokhulula khona isifo, ngandlela thile. Izithombe namavidiyo ekhasini kuzosiza ukukhomba izifo ze-adiantum.
Amaqabunga e-adiantum amnyama, avela imigqa emsundu, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuhlola i-acidity yenhlabathi ngokuhlolwa kwe-litmus. Kufanele kube ku-5.5-6.5, ube acidic kancane. Izithako zokwondla zingashintsha ukwakheka. Ngakho-ke, uma umhlabathi ungahlangabezani ne-acidity, usawoti kufanele ukuthi uqokelele kuwo, uhlukanisa i-substrate. Ungageza umhlabathi kaningi ngamanzi, kepha ukufaka lesi sitshalo esikhundleni kungaba ngcono futhi kube buhlungu. Okokuqala udinga ukubheka ukuthi izimpande zigcwele yini, noma ngabe imbali iyabanda. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo zesiginali yokuqala, kuzolandela mnyama amaqabunga e-adiantum ngomiswe.
Amahlamvu ezinhlamvu amathenda ngokwoma kusuka kumathiphu kuya kunoma yiziphi izinkinga. Lokhu kufinyelela komoya okuphezulu kakhulu, nentuthu kagwayi, nokuqina kwendlu engafakwanga amandla. Imisebe yelanga iwela ngqo emaqabungeni bese iyawathobisa. Uma amaqabunga e-adiantum eyomile, kusukela kumathiphu, lokhu kungenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinhlaka, emoyeni okhuphukayo usuka kumabhethri wokushisa, ongafudumali kuphela, kepha futhi womile.
Amahlamvu aphuzi angasho, uhlelo lwempande alukwazi ukubekezelela, futhi bekukhona izinkinga. Kepha lo mbala ungakhombisa nokuntuleka kukamanyolo we-nitrogen ekugqokeni okuphezulu. Kungenzeka ukudonsa isiphetho ngokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo nezimpande ezingezinhle uma i-adiantum ingakhuli.
Lapho izimpawu zezifo noma ezibolile ezimpandeni, kudingeka ukufakelwa kwesitshalo esikhundleni somhlabathi nezitsha. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kugezwe, izimpande eziphathwe kufanele zigcinwe kusisombululo sokubulala isikhunta. Inhlabathi kumele iphathwe ngokulwa nokutheleleka bese ifakwa emhlabathini isikhunta esisebenza isikhathi eside sama ferns. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi, njengoba ama-ferns engakubekezeleli ukukhishwa komhlaba ngenhlabathi. Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, ukuchelela kufanele kube yindlala, ukugqoka okuphezulu akufakiwe. Kungcono ukunciphisa umthwalo esitshalweni ngokusika i-waiyi. Lapho uvuselela isitshalo, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo zokunethezeka ezithandekayo.
Uma amaqabunga e-adiantum emnyama evela emaphethelweni, futhi kamuva umbala wethusi udluliselwa kuyo yonke i-vayu, lesi yisifo segciwane kusuka lapho kungekho zindlela zokususa. Ungadlulisela kwamanye ama-patches ngethuluzi. Udinga ukususa imbali enjalo. Ama-thrips asakaza leli gciwane.
Kuthiwani uma i-adiantum yomile ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo? Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukubheka okungabonakali. Zihlomise ngengilazi ekhulisayo bese uhlola isitshalo ngo:
- isicabucabu mite ngemuva amashidi;
- ama-fern aphid;
- isilinganiso izinambuzane;
- ama-thrips;
- mealybug.
Ukwelapha zonke izinambuzane, udinga ukusebenzisa isisombululo sikasikilidi. Uma amakhambi asekhaya engasizi, bese esebenzisa i-actellik, phytoverm ne-karbofos. Ukuyisusa kwisibazi ngesisombululo sotshwala. Izimpawu zokubonakala kwemikhwezo zihambisana nokuvela kwemikhakha eminsundu, lapho ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhuzo, isakazeka futhi imbozwe amagobolondo amasha. Ngenxa yalokho, bathisa insini, lapho amakhowe enobuthi kugcwele khona, lesi sitshalo sibulawa ngaphandle kosizo. Isikhafu siyachuma uma isitshalo sesulwa ngotshwala kawoyela.
I-Strawberry nematode, edla izicubu ezithambile zamaqabunga aphakathi kwemithambo bese iwafaka ansundu, ingahlala ku-fern. Ziyakwazi ukutholwa uma iqabunga elinomswakama lifakwa kwisizinda esimnyama. Izikelemu ezinobude be-mm ziyabonakala, ziphuma emaqabungeni. Yonke i-Wii enegciwane kufanele isuswe embonini. Zomile i-adiantum ukuze ama-nematode angakwazi ukuhamba.
Ama-aphid aphotha i-waiy, kamuva ayoma. Ukulwa ne-aphid kwenziwa ngesixazululo sensipho kanye nezinambuzane eziyinkimbinkimbi zamakhemikhali. Uma amaqabunga omile ku-adiantum ngemuva kokuxubha kokuqala, udinga ukubheka isimbuzane. Zizwa zizinhle emoyeni ofudumele nowomile. Ukuze uqede lesi sinambuzane, uzodinga ukwelashwa okuphindwe kathathu ngama-insecticides, okungenangozi kakhulu okuyiyo egumbini okuzoba fitoverm.
Ama-thrips ahlala engaphansi kwamaqabunga ezimbali. Ngokuzala kabusha okunamandla, kubangela amaqabunga omiswe we-adiantum. Musa ukonakalisa ukujiya ngamakhambi asekhaya. Ukwelapha okuphindaphindwe kuphela ngezidakamizwa ezinamandla njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5 kungasindisa lesi sitshalo ezifweni.
Isikhathi sokusebenza ngokubulala izinambuzane egumbini, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela. Qiniseka ukuthi ususa endaweni yezakhamizi, izinyoni, izinhlanzi, izilwane kanye nezingane.
Kodwa-ke, abathandi be-adiantum yangaphakathi kufanele baqinisekiswe kabusha - isitshalo akuvamile ukuthi sivezwe ezinambuzaneni ngenxa yokwakheka okukhethekile kwejusi.
