Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ama-bromeliads ajabulele idumela le-exotic elikhanyayo ne-motley yangaphakathi. Kepha ngisho phakathi kwabamele lo mndeni akukho sitshalo esingaphezulu ngokwangempela emaphethini nasezinketho zemibala ukwedlula i-orthophytum. Izimbali ezidumile kakhulu neziyigugu, lapho zidliwe kahle, zibukeka njengembali esisikiwe ngendwangu enemicu, kuyilapho abameli be-orthophytum bengasasebenzi nabangane abahlukahlukene abanempilo ehlukahlukene yasolwandle. Naphezu kwedumela lesitshalo esingajwayelekile kakhulu, i-orthophytum yemfashini akunzima kangako ukuthi ikhule.
I-Orthophytum ayithobeki kakhulu kulinywe.
I-Zebroid bromeliad orthophytum
Ama-Orthophytums akude kakhulu nama-bromeliads athandwa kakhulu. Okwamanje azisajwayelekile kangako kithi, yize imfashini iguqula lo mkhuba. Ama-Orthophytums athola igama ngenxa yamaqabunga awo aqondile kanye nohlobo lokukhula - kusuka esiGrekini esithi "ngqo" (orto) nesithi "isitshalo" (phyton).
Uhlobo lwe-orthophytum (Orthophytum) aluyona eyokwandiswa kakhulu, kepha izitshalo ezikuyo zihlukahluka ngokumangazayo. Phakathi kwazo, kukhona ezinye ezicocekile, zibukeka njengezithombe ezenziwe umuntu, kepha kunezinhlobo ezinolaka ngokwengeziwe esakhiweni, ezikhulayo futhi ezibolayo, ezinganakekile.
Emvelweni, ama-orthophytomas atholakala eLatin America kuphela. IBrazil ibhekwa kahle njengendawo okuzalelwa kuyo lezi zitshalo, lapho zimelelwa ngenani elikhulu kakhulu lezinhlobo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ama-orthophytomas awakaze asakazeke esifundeni sase-Amazon, kodwa ikakhulukazi eningizimu-mpumalanga.
Amaqabunga e-orthophytums afana kakhulu ne-aloe, yize lesi sitshalo singabukeki simnandi. Ngobubanzi obungafinyelela ku-2 cm, amaqabunga angakhawulelwa kubude bawo womabili ama-15 cm futhi welule ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha. Zihlala zingunxantathu ngokunxantathu, ziwugqinsi, ziqinile, ziyabonakala ngokugqamile ebusweni bazo, futhi amathiphu abukhali aqine avumelana nezikhala ezigobolondwe emaceleni enziwe ngamatshe, ebonakalayo emaphethelweni eshidi.
Umbala ubonakala ulula - kusuka kokuluhlaza okhanyayo kuya kokuluhlaza okotshani. Ama-orthophytums amaningi abonakala ngokuguqulwa kombala. Ukuthambekela kokunciphiswa kwamaqabunga kuholela ekutheni njengoba iminyaka isitshalo simbozwe ngamabala, ukuguguleka kwezimbali ezinsundu, ezibomvu, eziwolintshi, zihlala ziqhakaza ngamathiphu amaqabunga.
Ama-rkette e-Orthophytum avame ukukhululeka, aqukethe amaqabunga ayi-12-20, ezinhlotsheni eziningi aqinile futhi angalinganiswa kuphela esemncane.
Ama-orthophytum amancanyana, aqinile, ama-orthophytum ahlala enama-pubescent futhi anamaqabunga. Amukelwa ngamakhophi amancane amaqabunga ajwayelekile kwi-rosette. Kokwenza okubi kwamabhulokhi aphezulu, okuthi kwezinye izinhlobo zilingane ngobude noma kudlule usayizi we-inflorescence, izindlebe ezincane ezinamabala amancane ziyakhula, eziba zixinene zibheke phezulu.
Amabhulashi namathuna we-orthophytum alingana ngobude, angakhonjwa noma ayindilinga. Izimbali ngobubanzi azidluli ku-2 cm. Amathuna amahhala agcizelela ubuhle be-lanceolate, iningi elimhlophe, ama-petals.
Amaqabunga anjenge-zebra anjenge-Sparkacular anezimpawu zohlobo olulodwa lwangaphakathi lwe-orthophytum.
Izinhlobo zama-orthophytums ezikhula emakamelweni
Emakamelweni kunezinhlobo ezine kuphela zama-orthophytums. Ezinye izitshalo namuhla ziba ngemfashini futhi ziboniswe emashalofini ezikhungo ezinkulu zezimbali kaningi, ezinye zitholakala kumabhalaza angaphandle, kanti ezinye zibonisa kuphela emibukisweni ekhethekile nasezivandeni zezezitshalo. Kodwa ukuthandwa kwama-orthophytums kuyakhula, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yendlela eyodwa engalingani, ekhangisiwe njengesipho soqobo.
IGurken Orthophytum (Orthophytum gurkenii)Yebo, baba uphawu lwalo lonke uhlobo, kwaheha ukunakwa kwamanye ama-orthophytums. Lesi sitshalo se-bromeliad esimangalisayo esimnandi emhlabeni sibizwa ngokuthi i-zebra, futhi sinemigqa, futhi sinama-bromeliad amnyama namhlophe.
Kepha ukumazi kulula kakhulu. Amaflethi, onxantathu, onqenqemeni oluhle oluhlanganisiwe, amaqabunga alesi sitshalo ahlotshiswe ngemicu ehlukile kokhilimu osilika-grey aqhakaza isizinda esibonakala singampunga, simnyama-nsundu. Ama-spikes amhlophe agcizelela kuphela umphumela we-zebra emaqabunga. Okumangalisa kakhulu kumbala we-motley wesitshalo ukulingana cishe okuphelele, imiphimbo, nokuphindaphinda kahle izimbobo zomunye nomunye. Ukuqhakaza kwaleli orthophytum kusimangaze ngombala “ojwayelekile”, ogcwele umbala oluhlaza. Izindlebe zama-inflorescence, ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bama-bracts, ngokwazo zibukeka njengamasokisi amancane.
Isikebhe se-Orthophytum noma i-scaphoid (Orthophytum navioides) -ukubukeka okungatheni okwakusetshenziswa ngamahlamvu obomvu, anamagazi akha irosette yokuqothula. Amaqabunga mide kakhulu futhi mncane, acishe afane ne-blade. Zihlotshiswe ngemicwecwana emincane eduzane nemiphetho. Ngasemuva kwewayini le-rosette yokuqala, okukhumbuza kakhulu i-octopus engaphesheya, kuqhamuka i-peduncle emfushane ne-inflorescence ecishe ilele ku-irosette ngamapheshana aluhlaza akhanyayo aluhlaza nezimbali ezimhlophe ezingenalutho.
I-Orthophytum enamaqabunga (I-Orthophytum foliosum) - Ukubukeka kwasekuqaleni okukhumbuza omunye wama-octopus, bese kuba nge-shiny starfish. Khulu impela, kuze kube yingxenye yemitha ephezulu ye-bromeliad enesiqu esivezwe buthaka. Kushiya kuze kufinyelele ku-80 cm ubude, kulinganiselwe kububanzi obungama-2 cm kuphela, kuqoqwa ngerosette ekhula kahle, engalungile futhi evulekile, ifomu okunzima kakhulu ukulilinganisa ngobudala.
Amaqabunga anomunca, onqenqemeni oluhlanganisiwe, ukuthungwa okulukhuni, acwebezelayo, ngombala oguqukayo: umbala omusha omncane ogqamile uhlala enkabeni yama-rosette bese uphenduka kancane kancane ube nsundu ngokubomvu, okwenza umbala wale orthophytum ubonakale unamanzi futhi uhlukile (isitshalo ngasinye ku ngokuya ngezimo ezikhulayo, kubukeka kuhlukile).
Lolu hlobo lwama-orthophytums kwesinye isikhathi lujabulisa ngezimbali kabili ngonyaka. Ama-peduncent ama-pubescent ama-pubescent amancanyana anamaqabunga amancane angunxantathu amangalisa ngama-spikelets amakhulu we-13 cm we-inflorescence. Isisekelo esingaphansi singena kwisikebhe esiminyene ngaphezulu. Izimbali zikhangwa am Broker amakhulu ayindilinga anemiphetho ye-serrate, egcizelela izimbali eziphakathi nendawo ezinama-lanceolate, amahhala, amhlophe.
Amatshe e-Orthophytum (Orthophytum saxicola) - ukubukeka okuqinile, kodwa futhi okunombala onamanzi. Ekuphakameni okufika ku-13 cm, lokhu kuhlangana kwama-orthophytum ngamafulethi aphansi, axegayo, kepha ahlelekile, lapho aqoqwa khona kuze kufike ku-20 onxantathu-onxantathu, aze afike ku-6 cm ubude, afakwe ngokuqinile emaphethelweni, awugqinsi, anamaqabunga aluhlaza, futhi aguqula umbala ube nsundu-nsundu. ngokuya ngemibandela.
Izikebhe ezimfushane ezinamaqabunga aphezulu acishe alingane nobude be-spikelet ye-inflorescences zibukeka zihle, kepha azikhanyi kakhulu. Amabhuleki amise okwamaqabunga agcotshwa ngosayizi ophakathi, anama-petals amahhala, izimbali eziluhlaza ezimhlophe ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
IGurken Orthophytum (Orthophytum gurkenii).
Isikebhe se-Orthophytum, noma i-scaphoid (Orthophytum navioides).
I-Rock orthophytum (Orthophytum saxicola).
Izimo zokukhula kwama-ortofitums angaphakathi
Ubuhle obungaphandle kwe-orthophytums eyenziwe nge-zebra noma i-watercolor ekhanyayo yezinye izinhlobo ivusa imicabango yezitshalo ezingandile futhi okunzima ukuzikhulisa. Kepha ama-orthophytums awathetheleli idumela elinjalo. Azidingi zimo ezikhethekile, ezivumelaniswe kahle nezimo zamakamelo. Ukuphela kwento ongazisola ngayo ukulahleka kokuhlobisa ngeminyaka, lapho izisekelo ziba sloppy. Kepha lesi sitshalo asinaso isikhathi esimisiwe futhi sihlobisa unyaka wonke.
Ama-Orthophytums angatshalwa njengesihlahla esivamile sokubumba noma asetshenziswe kwizingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi - zamantombazane wezimbali, iziqukathi ezinkulu zephansi, ama-florariums, ama-arboretums, imibukiso yezimbali, izingadi ezincane kanye namahholo okugcina izithombo.
Ama-Orthophytums aqhathanisa ngempumelelo cishe nawo wonke amanye ama-bromeliad angaphakathi, abukeka engajwayelekile futhi ehambisana nezinye izitshalo emqoqweni oshisayo.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa kwe-orthofitum ngaphakathi kwezangaphakathi
Ngaphandle komdlalo wemibala, i-orthophytum iyisitshalo esithatha izithombe kunazo zonke. Ingabekwa kuphela ezindaweni ezikhanyayo, futhi ezingcono ngisho nangaphezulu. Ekushiseni, lapho amazinga okushisa edlula lawo anconyelwayo, kungcono ukuvikela amaqabunga e-orthophytums enemibala egqamile elangeni eliqondile. Lesi sitshalo sizodinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle ngisho nasebusika.
Ngaphakathi, ama-orthofitums abekwa kuphela kuma-sill e-windows. Kulesi siko, amawindi asempumalanga awathathwa njengokhetho olungcono kakhulu, ngoba amafasitela aseningizimu nasentshonalanga kuphela anikeza ukukhanya okuhle.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
Ama-Orthophytums angabalwa ngokuphephile njengama-bromeliad ajwayelekile aqhakaza ubuhle, adinga okuqukethwe okupholile ekuphumuleni. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube ekwindla, ama-orthophytums ahamba kahle ngezinkomba zokushisa zangaphakathi yegumbi - ukusuka ku-+20 degrees kuya kufinyelela ku-+25 degrees. Ekushiseni, lesi sitshalo sihlupheka kakhulu, siba sengozini futhi singabi namandla.
Ukubusa kobusika be-orthophytum kufanele kupholile kahle. Ukwehla okushisa okuncane kungama-degrees ayi-10. Uma izinga lokushisa lidlula ama-degree angu-+15, kuzoba nzima ukufezekisa izimbali ezivela kusitshalo.
Ama-Orthophytums, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa nge-zebra uqobo, njengezimo ezinzile. Balahlekelwa umphumela wabo wokuhlobisa emlilweni, ngokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa, kokusalungiswa. Amathangi anesitshalo kufanele abekwe kude nezindawo zokufudumeza umoya noma izinto zokufudumeza.
Ama-Orthophytums athanda izimo ezizinzile.
Nakekela i-orthophytum ekhaya
Lokhu kungenye elula kakhulu ukukhulisa ama-bromeliads. I-Orthophytum ingatshalwa ngisho nangabatshali besiqalo, ngoba lesi sitshalo siniselwa ngendlela evamile yokugcwalisa i-funnel, asidingi fafaza, futhi okudluliselwa njalo kungashiywa. Ama-Orthophytums athethelela kalula ukudlula futhi kufanelekile kulabo abavame ukuhamba.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Kwi-orthophytum, uhlelo lokunisela alufani nakuma-bromeliads amaningi. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle ngomswakama ozinzile. Njengoba uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo lungakhuli kahle, ama-orthophytums aniselwa ngaphakathi esitolo, aqaphela indlela yemvelo ejwayelekile yokunikeza umswakama. Nisela isitshalo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka okusebenzayo futhi kuyaqabukela - ekuphumuleni. Ngokuchelela kwe-classical, i-coma yobumba ivunyelwe ukoma phakathi kwezinqubo. Ukwenza ngokweqile i-orthophytum kuyabulala, kepha isitshalo asesabi isomiso.
Isitshalo sibonisa ukumelana nomoya owomile, kepha izinkomba ezimaphakathi, amaphethini nezithunzi zamaqabunga zivele ngokuphelele. Ukufafaza kungcono kuthathelwe indawo ngokubeka eceleni kwamapuleti ngamanzi.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Kwi-orthophytum, uhlelo lomanyolo olujwayelekile nefomu elijwayelekile - elinamanzi okunisela noma okugqokwa ngaphezulu kwefoliar, afanelekile. Umquba usetshenziswa kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10, kubhekwa imithamo yamanyolo anconywe abakhiqizi.
Kulesi sitshalo, ungasebenzisa umanyolo wama-bromeliads noma womanyolo bendawo yonke. Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukushintshana ngezingubo zokugqoka eziphilayo kanye nezimbiwa.
Dlulisa futhi uhlukanise i-orthophytum
Ama-Orthophytums atshalwa kuphela lapho isitshalo sidinga ukwehlukaniswa noma nje singenandawo yokuthuthuka. Ngisho nama-orthophytums asemancane angatshalwa kangcono kuphela njengoba edingeka.
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile zama-orthophytums akhulayo ukukhawulwa kobukhulu bezitsha. Lesi sigceme sendlu siyoveza ubuhle kuphela lapho uhlelo lwezimpande luzokhula ngaphansi kwezimo eziminyene. I-rhizome ye-orthophytums ayimangali ngevolumu, futhi imvamisa isitshalo sitshalwa ezinkomishini ezincane ezinobubanzi obungu-5 kuya ku-8. Iziqukathi ezinjengalezi zivumela lesi sitshalo ukuthi sihlale sibumbene, singamanga futhi sijabule ngokubukeka okuhle.
Ama-orthophytums, izingxube zomhlaba zikhethwa phakathi kwalabo ejwayelekile babamele abomndeni wakwaBromeliad. Izakhi ezingezansi ezilungiselelwe ezenziwe ngama-bromeliads noma ama-orchid asephelele. Uma inhlabathi ixubene ngokuzimela, khona-ke umhlabathi we-turf uhlanganiswa ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo nesihlabathi nomhlabathi wekhwalithi ephezulu, ulungisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi usebenzisa ubumba oluhle, i-moss, isitini esaphukile, i-perlite noma ezinye izinto zokuvula.
Lapho ufaka ama-orthophytums, kufanele uqaphele. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi izithombo zesitshalo zingalimaza isikhumba, kepha futhi nohlelo lwezimpande olubuthaka noluncane, okufanele luphathwe ngokunakekela. Ama-Orthophytums atshalwa ukuze isitshalo siqine, sizama ukunciphisa ukuxhumana nezimpande.
Lapho esekhulile endlini, ama-orthophytums asongelwa ukubola kuphela.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga ezikhulayo
Lapho isikhule ngaphakathi ezindlini, ama-orthophytums asongelwa ukubola kuphela, okwenzeka lapho inhlabathi imanzi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezishisa kakhulu, lesi sitshalo singase sihlushwa ama-aphid, okungcono ukulwa nezibulala zinambuzane ngaso leso sikhathi.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-orthophytum
Ukuze kube lula ukuzala, i-orthophytum iyisitatimende esivamile somndeni we-bromeliad. Izitshalo ezintsha zitholakala kungaba ngezisekelo zamadodakazi, zihlukanise ngesikhathi sokufakelwa bese ziyitshala ezitsheni eziphakathi nendawo, noma zikhulwe ezinhlanyelweni. Inketho yesibili idinga isikhathi eside, kepha ikuvumela ukuthi uthole inani elikhulu lezithombo.
Imbewu ye-Orthophytum ihlwanyelwa kangcono ezitsheni zikaPetri noma ngokweqile endaweni ephansi, eyisisekelo. Ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi, ngokufaka umoya omncane njalo nomswakama ozinzile, amahlumela ayathandeka impela. Susa indawo yokukhosela ezitshalweni kuphela lapho izithombo sezifinyelele ukuphakama kwengilazi. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa njengoba ikhula, idlulisela ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo ezitsheni ezincane.
