I-Anise ejwayelekile

I-Anise vulgaris (Anisum vulgare) - Umndeni kaCelery (Apiaceae)

Isitshalo sonyaka se-herbaceous. Impande induku, mncane; Isiqu siqonde, sicutshiswe kahle, sifushane ngo-pubescent, size sibe ngamasentimitha angama-50. Amaqabunga aphansi agcwele, awabaliwe, aqoqiwe noma alayishwe, lawo aphakathi ay Kathathu. Izimbali zincanyana, zimhlophe noma ziluhlaza, ziqoqwe kumambule eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izithelo iyi-dvohemyka enezinwele ezithambile ezinombala onsomi.

Izwe lase-anise liyizwe laseMedithera. EMpumalanga YaseMedithera, i-anise ibilinywa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. E-India, wayesaziwa ngekhulu le-V. n e. Wasebenzisa umuthi wasendulo waseShayina nowakudala wase-Arabhu. U-Anise weza eNtshonalanga Yurophu wabonga abaseRoma. Ekhulwini le-XII. yaqala ukutshalwa eSpain, ngekhulu le-XVII. - eNgilandi.

Kusukela ngo-1830, i-anise ingeniswa kwisiko eRussia, lapho yayikhule khona esifundazweni saseVoronezh sangaphambili. Njengamanje, izindawo eziphambili zokutshala ama-anise zigxunyekwe eBelgorod futhi ngokwengxenye ezifundeni zeVoronezh. Izinhlobo zasendlini ze-anise - 'Alekseevsky 68', 'Alekseevsky 1231' nabanye.

Izici eziwusizo. I-Anise iqukethe kusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-4.0% kawoyela obalulekile, onephunga elimnandi nokunambitheka okumnandi. Izithelo ze-anise, kanye namafutha abalulekile atholakala kuzo, asetshenziswa kabanzi ebhikawozi, izinhlanzi kanye nenyama eyinyama, i-confectionery kanye ne-distillery, ukwenza insipho, amakha kanye nemithi.

Sekuyisikhathi eside i-Anise yaziwa njengesitshalo sokwelapha. AmaGrikhi namaRoma basebenzise izithelo zawo ukuvusa isifiso sokudla. Kukholelwa ukuthi iphunga le-anise libangela ukulala okuthule, ngakho-ke, ukumnika kwalo kudakwe nokuqwasha. Hlikihla i-oyili enamafutha ukuvikela emalungeni omiyane. Emithini yesimanjemanje, ikakhulukazi ezingubeni zezingane, amalungiselelo asuka kwizithelo ze-anise asetshenziselwa ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela, i-bronchitis, ikhathalogu lepheshana lokuphefumula, i-tracheitis, i-laryngitis kanye nezifo zepheshana lesisu.

Amahlamvu e-anise amasha ayafakwa kwizaladi zezithelo nemifino, ikakhulukazi amabhungane kanye izaqathe, kanye nezitsha eziseceleni. Izambulela ezingavuthiwe zisetshenziselwa ukukha ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, u-squash, izithelo - ukuthola ama-baking roll, cookies, mats. I-Powder evela kwizithelo ifakwa kubisi nakwezosobho zezithelo, lapho kupheka ujamu, ujamu ovela kuma-plums, ama-apula, ithini lamapheya, kumasoso amnandi namuncu, ku-compotes, jelly.

Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo. Okuthandeka kakhulu ekukhuliseni i-anise yi-chernozemic, inhlabathi evundile enesakhiwo esihle, kodwa futhi ikhula kahle emhlabathini othambile naphezu kwenhlabathi ngenani elanele le-humus ne-lime. I-Clay ne-saline nenhlabathi ayilungele ukukhula kwe-anise. Kuyinto engathandeki ukuyibeka ezindaweni lapho kwakhula khona i-coriander.

I-Anise isatshalaliswa yimbewu; kunconywa ukuyimila ngaphambi kokuyihlwanyela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu igcwele umswakama futhi igcinwe ngaphansi kwefilimu izinsuku ezintathu. Lapho kumila imbewu engu-3-5% yomiswa isuswe isesimweni esijulile bese ihlwanyelwa. Ukujula kokubekwa kwembewu kungamasentimitha angama-2-3. Izithombo ze-anise zibekezelela kalula amaqhwa amancane entwasahlobo, ngakho imbewu ihlwanyulwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Imbewu ye-anise ibhoboka kalula, ngakho-ke izitshalo (esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezithelo ku-isambulela esimaphakathi) zinqunywa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha ayi-10, ziboshwe zibe yizingxenyana ezincane bese zishiyelwa ukuvuthwa. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ziyabhulwa, zomiswe futhi zihlanzwa kokungcola okungenzeka. Kuma-greens, i-anise ivunwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza.

Ukuhlobisa. Ama-openwork, ahlakazeke ngokuqinile, amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama enza umhlobiso we-anise kuyo yonke inkathi. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ama-inflorescence amhlophe abucayi noma okhilimu ahlobisa isitshalo. U-Anise ubukeka emuhle ngokuqokwa kweqembu.