Uhlobo lokuthanda i-plumeria (I-Plumeria) ihlobene ngqo nomndeni we-coutra. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaba ngu-65. Isazi sezitshalo saseFrance uCharles Plumer, owayephila ngekhulu le-17, wayedumile kakhulu, futhi bekuhlonishwa ngaye ukuthi leli hlobo laziwa ngegama. Emvelweni, isitshalo esinjalo singatholakala enyakatho yeNingizimu Melika.
Uhlobo lolu lufanekiselwa yizihlahla kanye nezihlahla. Ekhaya, ama-plumeria atshalwa ngenxa yezimbali ezithandekayo, ezingapendulwa ngombala opinki, omhlophe noma ophuzi. Izimbali zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, cishe sonke isikhathi sehlobo. Izimbali zikhulu ngokwanele (ububanzi kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-10).
Ezindalini eziphakathi nendawo, lesi sitshalo esinjalo akuvamile ukuba sikhule, ngakho-ke asibonakali kakhulu ezitolo zezimbali. Lapho sigcinwa efulethini, lesi sitshalo sifinyelela amasentimitha angama-200 ukuphakama. I-Plumeria ikhula kahle kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya Kwe-Plumeria
Ukukhanya
Lesi sitshalo esinenqwaba yezithombe. IWindows of oriental eseningizimu ilungele ngokuphelele ukubekwa kwayo, ngoba okungenani amahora ayi-6 ngosuku kufanele akhanyiswe ngemisebe eqondile yelanga, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbali ngeke zenzeke. Ingakhula nangamawindows of empumalanga noma asentshonalanga. Iwindi lasenyakatho alifanele ukulinyelwa, ngoba ngenxa yokukhanya okuncane kakhulu, ukuqhakaza lapho ngokuqinisekile ngeke kwenzeke. Ngenkathi efudumele, kunconywa ukuthi udlulisele isitshalo emoyeni omusha. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuyiveza ngokushesha elangeni, kodwa kufanele uyijwayele kancane kancane. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-plumeria kufanele ivikeleke kokubhaliwe, kanye nasemvuleni. Isitshalo esithengiwe nje akumele kuvezwe ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, njengoba ukushiswa kungakheka emaqabungeni.
Imodi yokushisa
Isitshalo se-thermophilic kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukusuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkathi yehlobo, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ebangeni ukusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-30 degrees. Ekwindla, izinga lokushisa lehliswa kancane kancane, futhi ebusika - kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi alibeki ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-16.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ngenkathi efudumele, lapho igcinwa efulethini, ukuthambisa kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kwengqimba ephezulu yomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi avikelwe futhi athambile. Ebusika, ukuchelela kufanele kube ngaphansi kakhulu, kepha qaphela ukuthi ungawusebenzisi inhlabathi ngokweqile. Ukugcwalisa ngokweqile lesi sitshalo nakho kuyingozi enkulu. Kulokhu, ezinsukwini ezinamafu ezinamafu nangobusika obumnandi, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela.
Umswakama
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, i-plumeria inconywa ukufafazwa ngokuhlelekile. Kulokhu, amanzi athambile futhi avikelwe kahle (okungenani amahora angama-24) amanzi alungile. Futhi, ukuze wandise umswakama womoya, ungathela itshe elincane noma ubumba olwandisiwe epanini, bese uthela amanzi kuwo. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi phansi kwembiza yezimbali akuhlangani ne-ketshezi epanini. Lapho ufafaza, gwema ukuthola amanzi ezimbali.
Umanyolo
Ngemuva kokuqala kwesikhathi sokukhula ngamandla kwentwasahlobo, kufanele uqale ukondla ama-plumeria, akhiqiza isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2. Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo ulungele ukondliwa. Esimweni lapho lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa khona emgwaqweni phakathi nesikhathi sasehlobo, singavundiswa ngokuhlukile ngenqubo nezimpande ezingeziwe. Fafaza amahlamvu ezinhlangothini zombili kusihlwa ngesixazululo esilungiselelwe. Kulokhu, inani lamanzi elisa umthamo edingekayo womanyolo kumele liphindwe kabili. Isifutho senziwa isikhathi esingu-1 kumaviki awu-1-1.5. Ekwindla, udinga ukufaka umanyolo isitshalo kaningi, futhi ebusika - awukwazi ukondla.
Isikhathi sokuphumula
Uma lesi sitshalo sikhule efulethini, khona-ke ebusika kuba nesikhathi esibi. Ingahlala kumaviki amathathu kuya kwayisithupha (ubude buqonde ngqo kuzinhlobo). Ngesikhathi sokuwa, amaqabunga e-plumeria awela emacembe amadala. Ngemuva kokuphela kwale nkathi, amahlamvu asemasha, kanye nezimbali, ziqala ukukhula ngokukhuthele.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sentwasahlobo. Ngenkathi umuthi omncane ufakwa kule nqubo unyaka nonyaka, amakhophi amadala angadluliselwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2. Imbiza yezimbali kufanele ikhethwe kancane (amasentimitha ama-2 noma ama-3) ngaphezulu kweyokuqala. Ngokuntuleka kwamandla anjalo, ungavele unciphise uhlelo lwezimpande cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-5. Phansi ebhodweni udinga ukuthulula inhlanganisela yenhlabathi entsha phezu kongqimba lwamanzi. Ukwakha ingxube efanelekile ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi ye-peat, sod kanye ne-humus, kanye nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 2: 1: 1. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi ngaphansi kwembiza. Kulokhu, okwesihlanu kwaso kufanele kugcwaliswe ngezitini ezaphukile nodaka olwandisiwe, ungasebenzisa futhi igobolondo lamaqanda.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ekuhlwanyeleni imbewu, kusetshenziswa amabhodwe amancane, ububanzi bawo okungamasentimitha ayi-6. Ngemuva kokuthi izithombo zibe nohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle, kufanele zidluliselwe ngokucophelela (noma zidluliselwe kangcono) zibe yizimbiza ezinobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-9. Ingxube yokudonsa iyona esetshenziswayo lapho ufakelwa. Njengomthetho, i-plumeria, ekhule kusuka embewini, inokuhluka okucacile nesitshalo somzali. Isitshalo esinjalo siqala ukuqhakaza sineminyaka emibili noma emithathu ubudala.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Ukusika kunconywa ebusika bokugcina noma emasontweni okuqala entwasahlobo. Izimbambo kufanele zisikwe nge-angle oblique. Ngemuva kwalokhu, isilayidi kufanele simunyiswe emanzini, bese kuba yithuluzi elikhuthaza ukwakheka kwezimpande. Ukutshala isiqu, ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yebhodwe kufanele igcwaliswe ngengxube yomhlaba, ingxenye yesithathu nge-perlite, bese iphinda uthele ingxube yomhlaba. Batshala isiqu ukuze sisesimweni esime nkqo, futhi isigaxa saso kufanele sicwiliswe ku-perlite. Ukuze ubambe kahle izimpande uzodinga ukushisa kusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-28 degrees. Ukuze ulondoloze izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kangako, kunconywa ukushisa phansi. Ukukhanyisa okuhle kuzodingeka, uma kunesidingo, kungenzeka ukunikeza ukukhanya ngamalambu we-fluorescent. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokucophelela. Ubufakazi bokukhula kwezimpawu okuyimpumelelo kuzoba ukubonakala kwamaqabunga amancane. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kwamasonto angama-8 kuya kwayi-12. Ukunisela kufanele kancane kancane kube okuningi. Ngemuva kwalokho badlulisela esitsheni esikhulu futhi banikeze ukunakekelwa, njengesitshalo esidala. Ukuqhakaza, njengomthetho, kwenzeka ngemuva konyaka, kodwa kungaqala ngaphambili.
Ukuqapha
Kulesi sitshalo, ujusi uqukethe ubuthi, okuthi, uma busesikhunjeni noma kolwelwesi lwe-mucous, lungadala ukucasuka okukhulu. Uma ujusi ungena kulwelwesi lwe-mucous noma isikhumba, hlambulula masinyane ngenani elikhulu lamanzi, okufanele kube okugelezayo.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziphambili
I-White Plumeria (i-Plumeria alba)
Endle, ungahlangana kuma-Antilles. Lezi zihlahla zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama. Amahlamvu enomugqa oqondile. Ngasohlangothini lwabo lomthungo kukhona izinwele ezimhlophe qwa. Imiphetho yepuleti leshidi iphakanyiswa kancane. Ubude bamaqabunga cishe ngamasentimitha angama-30, futhi ububanzi ngamasentimitha ayi-7. Izimbali ezincane ezinamakha (ubukhulu kuze kube amasentimitha ayi-2,5) zipendiwe zimhlophe futhi zinamehlo aphuzi.
I-Plumeria red (Plumeria rubra)
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ungahlangana eMexico noma eVenezuela. Izihlahla ezinamandla zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 ubude. Amaqabunga amise okwamaqanda afinyelela amasentimitha angama-50 ubude namasentimitha ayi-15 ububanzi. Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo, uhlangothi olungafanele lwamaqabunga lungabushelelezi lube nobuchopho. Njengomthetho, i-apex yamaqabunga ayimfushane, kodwa futhi ikhonjiswe ngokuqinile. Izimbali ziqoqwa ngebhulashi ngaphezulu kwesiqu, ububanzi bawo obungafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-5. Ngezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, izimbali zingapendwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene, isibonelo, ngombala omhlophe, ophuzi, opinki, obomvu kanye ne-lilac. Izinhlobo ezihlukene nazo ziyahlukahluka ngokuma kwamaqabunga.
