Lapho kukhula ama-chrysanthemums kusuka kwimbewu, ukulahleka kwezimpawu zazo zokuhlukahluka kuvame ukubonwa. Indlela ethembeke kakhulu yokuzala izinhlobo ezibalulekile ngamanani amakhulu ibhekwa njengezokusika. Le ndlela iwuhlobo lokusakazeka okwenziwe ngemifino. I-chrysanthemum yaseKorea, edumile eminyakeni yamuva, kwesinye isikhathi isatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphesenti wokuzala kwawo aphansi impela. Izithombo zez chrysanthemums zalolu hlobo zingene kahle futhi zigcina zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zesitshalo sokuqala. Ngenxa yale ndlela, noma yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo ezithokozisayo zingasakazeka ngokushesha.
Ama-cutter "akuqala" yilawo akhule ebusika (Januwari -Febhuwari) ngamahora amafushane wemini. Izimpande inyanga eyi-1. Ama-cutter we- "Late" atholakala ngo-Ephreli-Meyi akha izimpande emavikini angama-1-2.
Izici zokusakazwa kwama-chrysanthemums ngokusika
Ukhula lwengozi yokusikwa nokukhula kwalezi zimbali kunezici ezithile:
- izitshalo ezinezimbali ezincane zanda ngokushesha kunezitshalo ezinezimbali ezinkulu;
- izinhlobonhlobo lapho amahlumela anamahlwili futhi awugqinsi amila kakhulu;
- izitshalo zezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo, lapho zikhule kusuka ku-cuttings "zakuqala" ne "sekwephuzile", faka isikhathi sezimbali cishe ngasikhathi sinye;
- igama lezinsika lithinta kuphela ubukhulu besitshalo (iziqu ezinde kakhulu zikhula kusuka amahlumela "akuqala").
Ungakusakaza kanjani ukusikwa kwe-chrysanthemum?
Inqubo yokusabalalisa ama-chrysanthemums iqala ngokukhethwa kwezitshalo zabantu abadala abadala abanomusa, okuthiwa izitshalo zomama.
Ekwindla, khetha izihlahla ezinempilo ezinama-inflorescences afanele. Akufanele babe nezimpawu zezifo noma izinambuzane. Ekupheleni kokuqhakaza, izitshwala zikamama zimbiwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo noma zidluliselwe emabhokisini. Amabhishi eChrysanthemum ashiywe endaweni epholile, evikelwe emswakama ngokweqile. Ngokwesitoreji sazo, amathala avaliwe, ama-verandas noma amashidi akhanyayo afanelekile. Indawo okugcinwa kuyo amaseli endlovukazi kuya ngesilinganiso sokushisa kobusika. Izimo ezifanele zesikhathi sokuphazamiseka ngokomzimba kwama-chrysanthemums asebangeni lika-3-5 ° C. Umgomo oyinhloko wokulondolozwa kwabo ngempumelelo ukuthi lezi zimbali akufanele zibe kumazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-1 ° C.
Ukuthola izitshalo ezincane ezinezimbali ezinhle kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukwenza amaseli endlovukazi ukuba abe nawo. Kulokhu, izitshalo zigcinwa emagumbini okushisa kwe-1-4 ° C kumaviki angama-3-4. Ukungabikho kwenqubo enjalo kuvame ukuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zama-chrysanthemums neze ziqhakaze.
Ukuthola izinto ezinhle zokutshala, izitshalo zesibeletho zidluliselwa egumbini elifudumele nelikhanyisiwe futhi liniselwa njalo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, izinhlamvu zokuvuselela zivuka ezimpandeni zazo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukukhula kwezimpande kuqala ukukhula kusuka ngotshwala bukamama. Ukusebenza kahle kwezihlahla zokusika kuncike ngokuphelele enanini lokukhula okusha. Ukuthola inani elanele lezitshalo, amaseli endlovukazi aqala ukulungiselela ukusikwa ngoFebhuwari. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ama-cutways akhula kusuka ezimpandeni kuphela afanelekayo ukusikwa. Kungakho noma iyiphi i-"hemp", okuyi-stems yezimbali e-lignified kufanele ibunjiwe. Njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela ezimpande kuvame ukungalingani, ngenani elincane lamaseli endlovukazi, kuyinkinga ukuthola izilwane ezincane zonyaka ofanayo. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, izingcezu zigcinwa ngokhuni olumanzi esiqandisini (eshalofini elingaphansi) isikhathi esingamasonto ayi-2. Lapho ethola inani elanele lokusika aqhubeke kwi-midzi yawo.
Ungasika kanjani ama-chrysanthemums?
Ukudonswa kwezimpande kusikwa ngommese obukhali ngaphansi kwesihlahla seqabunga lapho kwakhiwa ama-2-3 ngaphakathi. Ama-cuttings aphumayo atshalwe emabhokisini noma emabhodweni aphansi nge-substrate evundile ephethe ukungathathi hlangothi. Ilungiselelwe kusuka enhlabathini evundile, humus nesihlabathi, kuthathwe isilinganiso 2: 1: 0.5. Ubukhulu besiqeshana esingaphansi kufanele kube ngu-3-4 cm. Isihlabathi esibunjiwe sithululelwa ngaphezulu kwaso. Isendlalelo saso kufanele sibe ngu-2-2,5 cm. Ungasebenzisa futhi ingxube yesihlabathi se-perlite nesihlabathi esihlanganisiwe ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 1. Le substrate inomthamo ophezulu womswakama kanye nokuphefumula.
Ukususa ngokushesha ukusikeka, baphathwa ngesixazululo se-impandisi yezimpande. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isidakamizwa "Kornevin" noma i-alpha-naphthylacetic acid (NAA).
Izilimo zingcwatshwa endaweni esezingeni elingaphansi kuka-2,5 kuya ku-2 cm. Izinga lokushisa elilungele ukusikwa kwe-midzio ngu-18-20 ° C. Ekamelweni elisetshenziselwe ukusiphula izingcezu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kugcinwe i-microclimate efanelekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i- “dome” yenziwa ngaphezulu kwethangi elivela kwifilimu ye-polyethylene enikeza umswakama odingekayo womoya.
Ukukhula
Ukunakekela ukusikwa kuqukethe ukufafaza kwabo nsuku zonke kanye ukuthambisa ejwayelekile. Ukucekelwa phansi kwezimpumelelo okubonakalayo kukhonjiswa ukubonakala kokukhula ngokusobala. Izitshalo zingondliwa ngomanyolo we-nitrogen. Cishe inyanga eyi-1 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu zokusika, uhlelo lwempande lukhula kubo. Ngemuva kokuba inamandla ngokwanele, kutshalwa izitshalo ezintsha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngoMeyi-Juni.
Esimweni lapho amahlumela anezimpande angeke atshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nesithwathwa, agcinwa emakamelweni ngokushisa komoya okungu-8-10 ° C. Ezimweni ezinje, "ukunqwabelana" kwezisiko kuzovinjwa. Zitshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo kuphela lapho kungekho ukusongela kwentwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo. Uma ukhula lwengozi yokusika aluhlelwanga ngokushesha ngemuva kokusikwa, khona-ke lubekwa esitsheni esinamanzi.
Ukusika kwama-chrysanthemums amakhulu aqhakaza ukwenziwa kusuka ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Ephreli, bese kutheleka okuncane - kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-chrysanthemums ekwindla kuhilela ukutshala izithombo ezisikiwe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi nasekuqaliseni kwehlobo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuqhakaza kokuqala kwesihlahla esisha kuzoba ngonyaka olandelayo.
