Noma namuhla kunezitshalo eziningi ezihlobisa umhlobiso, abatshali bezimbali abaningi abalwenqabi ithuba lokuba nommeli ongafani nalomhlaba wezimbali ezinjengesihlahla sekofi ekhaya labo. Kodwa-ke, akuyena wonke umuntu onquma ukusebenzisa lo mbono, ngoba ngephutha bakholelwa ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukukhulisa nokunakekela lesi sitshalo. Eqinisweni, konke kuhlukile, ngoba ngendlela efanelekile, ungakhulisa ngempumelelo isihlahla sekofi ekhaya.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo isihlahla sekhofi yi-Afrika, futhi ngesikhathi sakhona, ikhofi yakwazi ukusakazeka kuyo yonke iplanethi. Namuhla akukhuliswa kulezo zindawo lapho isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu sikhona. Uma umnikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele, kuzodlula iminyaka embalwa, futhi ungakwazi ukunambitha isiphuzo esinamakha esenziwe okusanhlamvu owukhulisile ngezandla zakho.
Izici zeMbewu
Uma ekugcineni usuzithathile isinqumo sokuthi ufuna ngazo zonke izindleko ukuzama isiphuzo esitholakala esihlahleni sekhofi esikhuliselwe ekhaya, bese ulungela lokho kuzofanele zisebenze kanzima. Kepha okokuqala, kufanele ubekezele, ngoba isikhathi esiningi sizodlula ngaphambi kokubonakala kwezithelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele udale izimo ezifanele zokushisa zesihlahla sekofi ukuze ikhule futhi ikhule kahle.
Lapho izinsalela zalesi sitshalo zisemhlabathini, imbiza kufanele ihlelwe kabusha endaweni efanele lapho izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe endaweni engekho ngaphansi kwama-20 degrees. Ngokwenza lezi zimo, uzosheshisa inqubo yokuhluma kwembewu.
Lapho uhlakulela ikhofi, khumbula ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle kuletha ukulimala kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele unciphise inani lama-clippings. Kungcono ukuwuyeka ngokuphelele lo msebenzi, ngaphandle kokuthi isitshalo sedlule okulindelwe maqondana nosayizi. Kumele kubhekwe ukuthi umuthi wekhofi awuqhakaza neze njengezitshalo ezijwayelekile kumhlwanyeli wezimbali ojwayelekile. Ukuhluka kwesihlahla sekofi ukuthi ekwakhekeni kwamajikijolo izimbali azidingi impova.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela amajikijolo avuthiwe, udinga ukuwulungisa ngokususa uginindela bese uwusula ngamanzi. Okulandelayo, udinga isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, lapho beyibeka khona isigamu sehora. Emva kwalokhu, kufanele uhlwanyele masinyane emhlabathini.
Izici zenhlabathi
Ngisho abalimi abanolwazi ngeke bakwazi ukuphendula njalo umbuzo wokuthi yikuphi okufanele ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla sekofi. Lapha kudingekile ukubheka izinto eziningi, phakathi kwazo lapho ikhwalithi yenhlabathi ikhathazekile kakhulu. Kuhle ukusebenzisa ingxube efaka izinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezithuthukisa i-acidity yayo yemvelo.
Kuya ngesigaba sokujikeleza kwempilo kwesitshalo Sebenzisa ukwakheka okungafani kokuxubana kwenhlabathi:
Isendlalelo esenzelwe ukuhlwanyela imbewu kanye namahlumela. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuthatha inhlabathi eshidi kanye nesihlabathi somfula, ngenxa yokuthi lapho umswakama ungangena kalula enhlabathini. Ngisho nangaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukufaka inzalo ku-substrate. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokubeka kubhavu yamanzi, lapho kufanele okungenani kube imizuzu engu-5. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu ibekwa endaweni ephakeme enhlabathini. Uma zonke izincomo zilandelwe, khona-ke emva kwezinyanga ezingaba ngu-1.5 imbewu izoqala ukuqandeka. Ngemuva kokulinda ukwakheka kwamaqabunga okuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ngokudlulisa izithombo zingene emhlabathini ofanele kakhudlwana ukukhula. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqala kokudluliselwa kwezinto zokuphila kuzodingeka kwenziwe minyaka yonke kuze kube yilapho isitshalo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-3. Ngokuzayo, imvamisa yokufakelwa incishiswa ibe kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu.- Inhlabathi okuhloswe ngayo ukuthutha isitshalo esidala. Kwenziwe ngesisekelo se-acid peat, isihlabathi, umhlaba onamaqabunga, humus, amalahle kanye nama-moss, athathwa ngamanani alinganayo. Ukuze uzisindise ekusesheni okuyisicefe kwezingxenye ezingenhla, ungazithenga esitolo sezimbali esikhethekile. Uma ufuna ihlumela elincane liguqukele ngokushesha libe isihlahla esigcwele ngokuphelele, kunconyelwa ukukulifaka ebhodweni elikhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho uhlelo lokwakhiwa kwezimpande luzokwakhiwa ezweni elingaphakathi, ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo sizokwazi ukuthatha inani eliphezulu lomsoco emhlabathini.
Isendlalelo esenzelwe ukuhlwanyela imbewu kanye namahlumela. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuthatha inhlabathi eshidi kanye nesihlabathi somfula, ngenxa yokuthi lapho umswakama ungangena kalula enhlabathini. Ngisho nangaphambi kokutshala, kubalulekile ukufaka inzalo ku-substrate. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokubeka kubhavu yamanzi, lapho kufanele okungenani kube imizuzu engu-5. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu ibekwa endaweni ephakeme enhlabathini. Uma zonke izincomo zilandelwe, khona-ke emva kwezinyanga ezingaba ngu-1.5 imbewu izoqala ukuqandeka. Ngemuva kokulinda ukwakheka kwamaqabunga okuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ngokudlulisa izithombo zingene emhlabathini ofanele kakhudlwana ukukhula. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqala kokudluliselwa kwezinto zokuphila kuzodingeka kwenziwe minyaka yonke kuze kube yilapho isitshalo sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-3. Ngokuzayo, imvamisa yokufakelwa incishiswa ibe kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu.Ukutshala isihlahla sekofi ngendlela yezitshalo kubandakanya ukulungiselela ukusikwa okusikiwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kugcinwa amahora angama-1-2 kusisombululo esikhethekile. Ungaqala ukufika ngemuva kokulungisa zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Ngemuva kwalokho ziqhubeka ngqo nokudlulisela isitshalo zingene enhlabathini, lapho zidinga ukungcwatshwa zingabi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu. Ngesikhathi lapho kuqalwa amaqabunga okuqala esitshalo, kungenzeka ukufakelwa okusha, lapho kuzo zonke izenzo ezifanayo njengakw icala namahlumela akhule ngokuqondile kusuka kwimbewu.
I-Arabica coffee: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Lapho ulungiselela ukutshala isitshalo sekhofi e-arabica, kuzodingeka ukhumbule ukuthi kuzozizwa kukhululekile kakhulu uma kuhlinzekiwe ukukhanya okwanele. Ezindaweni ezishisayo ezishisayo, ikofi likhula nge-shading. Indlela ehluke ngokuphelele kufanele ibe lapho ikhula ikhofi ekhaya: kuyadingeka ukudala ukukhanyiselwa okuphezulu kwayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukushoda kwayo kuzonciphisa ukukhula kwesitshalo, futhi kwezinye izimo kungahle kube nokubambezeleka kwezithelo.
Ebusika, kunconywa ukugcina imbali ohlangothini olufudumele kakhulu lwaseningizimu. Noma kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amazinga okushisa akufanele awele ngaphansi kwama-15 degrees. Ikakhulu kudingeka uqaphele ngezinsuku ezibandayo nezinamafu, lapho udinga ukusebenzisa eduze kwesitshalo amalambu we-fluorescent. Ngosizo lwayo, unganelisa ngokugcwele izidingo zentyatyambo zekhofi ngokukhanya nokufudumele.
I-whimsicality imbali ibonakaliswa eqinisweni lokuthi umbuso ophethe kahle wokukhanyisela wona kufanele ugcinwe njalo isikhathi eside. Uma uzama ukuguqula umuthi, uzokusiza uthole amaqabunga amahle kuphela. Kulokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi ushiywe ngaphandle kokuvuna okulindwe isikhathi eside. Kunconywa ukuvikela umuthi wekhofi elangeni eliqondile, akunakucatshangwa ukuthi uwugcine ohlangothini olusenyakatho, lapho uzothola khona isilinganiso esincane sokukhanya.
Ngenkathi efudumele, lapho ilanga lishisa ikakhulukazi, kuyofanela uthele ikhofi njalo usebenzisa amanzi okuhlala endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama ofanele, kuzodingeka unakekele amaqabunga, kuwo efiselekayo ukufafazwa.
Lapho uhlela ukuhambisa imbiza uye kwenye indawo, okokuqala kudingeka ulungiselele ukuhlinzwa.
Emavikini ambalwa, lesi sitshalo kufanele sikhule sisongwe nge-gauze. Ngakho-ke umhlinzeka ngokukhanya okungekho emthethweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, uzokwazi ukujwayela ukukhanyisa okusha. Lapho usuqala ukwakha ikofi, kuzofanela wenze ukufakelwa, okuwumcimbi olula futhi ongadingi amakhono akhethekile. Into esemqoka ukulandela ngokuqinile izincomo zokunakekela isitshalo.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kubaluleke kakhulu esihlahleni sekofi.
- ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kwikhwalithi yamanzi: akufanele aqukethe ukungcola kwe-lime okungadala ukulimala okukhulu ohlelweni lwezimpande;
- kuyadingeka futhi ukuqapha izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi. Ukuze uyilondoloze, kubalulekile ukufaka amaconsi ambalwa kaviniga noma amakristalu e-citric acid emanzini axazululiwe asetshenziselwa ukunisela. Yize ikhofi isabela kahle kumswakama, izinga lomswakama akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu;
- ukondla nakho kuyasebenza, okunconywe okungenani kanye ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5. Umanyolo we-Mineral liquid kufanelekile kulokhu, okuvuselela ukwakheka kwamahlumela amasha, futhi ngalokhu sitshalo sizothola zonke izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile.
Umsoco
Ekuthuthukisweni okuvamile kwekofi ukungondli okwanele entwasahlobo. Ikakhulu udinga ukunaka isitshalo esiteji sokukhiqizwa kwezimbali, ngoba kulesi sigaba ikhofi idinga i-nitrogen eyengeziwe ne phosphorus. Ungabanikeza isitshalo usebenzisa izimbambo ezijwayelekile zophondo noma isidlo sethambo.
Khumbula ukuthi umuntu ojwayelekile ongenazo imishini ekhethekile akakwazi ukuthola ukuthi yiliphi izinga le-acidity inhlabathi esetshenziselwe ukukhulisa ikhofi enayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ubunzima ekunakekeleni ikofi, kunconywa ukuba ufune usizo kwingcweti esitolo sezimbali ukuze ikwazi ukukutshela indlela efanelekile yokugqoka. Uma ukhawulelwe ngokwezezimali, ungasebenzisa inketho yomanyolo engabizi. Kungenzeka i-moss ejwayelekile etholakala ehlathini.
Ukusetshenziswa okufika ngesikhathi kwamanyolo afanele kuzokhuphula ukukhula kwekhofi, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe, ngoba ulindele ukuthi esihlahleni sekofi wandise ukushuba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka njalo ukhonkele amahlumela aseceleni. Ezimpawu zokuqala zokumiswa kwengxenye ethile yesitshalo, kuyadingeka ukuzisusa phansi kwe-petiole eshidini elimbozayo.
Ubunzima ongahlangana nabo
Ukunakekelwa kwekhofi okufanele kufaka phakathi ukulawula izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sizosabela kulokhu ngokulahlekelwa amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama aluhlaza, i-tint ecwebezelayo, ngenxa yalokho eziyokhipha umbala. Kancane kancane, ungabheka ukuthi amaqabunga aqala ukuphenduka aphuzi kanjani, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana lesi sitshalo singoma ngokuphelele uma singanikezeli inani lomoya ohlanzekile. Ayilungile ikofi futhi kwanda umswakama egumbini, ngoba lokhu kuvusa ukubola kwamaqabunga, kuvame ukubangela ukugula okungathi sína, okuthi kamuva kudinga isikhathi esiningi sekhofi ukuthi ilulame.
Ngaphambi kokukhulisa ikhofi ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngamaphuzu abalulekile nochwepheshe ongakhuluma ngezindlela zokuzivikela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni ezivame kakhulu:
- isicabucabu mite;
- isilinganiso izinambuzane;
- i-mealybug;
- ama-aphid;
Ukuphatha lolu lwazi, ungakha kalula ikhofi kakhulu efulethini lakho. izimo ezikhula kahle, futhi lokhu kuzonyusa amathuba akho wokuthola izithelo ezinamakha eminyakeni embalwa.
Isiphetho
Njengoba sengithole isipiliyoni ngokutshala izitshalo ezilula zokuhlobisa, cishe abanye balimi baba nesifiso sokukhulisa izindlu nekhofi. Yenqaba lo mbono awukufanele, ngoba kungenzeka. Noma lokhu inqubo izothatha isikhathi esiningi, noma kunjalo, ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwesihlahla eminyakeni embalwa, ungathola izithelo ezimnandi zekhofi ezikhulwe wedwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ungesabi ubunzima futhi usukulungele ukulwa nezifo, khona-ke ngemuva kokuthola ukuqeqeshwa ngokomqondo kusisekelo sokukhula kwesihlahla sekofi egumbini, ungangena kwebhizinisi.
