Izinyathelo zokuqala ngemuva kokuthenga umhlaba

Uphenduke umnikazi wezwe ojabulayo. Halala! Kepha musa ukushesha ukuyitshala ngezilimo eziyizithelo ozithandayo, amajikijolo, wakhe uthango. Ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo kumele kwenziwe ngokwesisho esidumile - ukushesha kancane.

Ngemuva kokuthengwa, ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa kwesiza udinga ukwenza inani elikhulu lomsebenzi kumadokhumenti empahla leyo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, inkontileka yokuthengisa kuphela isigaba sokuqala sokungena kubunikazi.

Ukuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwempahla

Konke kuqala ngokubhaliswa kwempahla. Isakhiwo esithengiwe kufanele "siphume ngaphandle", okungukuthi, sibhalwe phansi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze i-5 cm encane yendawo eyodwa noma kwenye ingabi yikhanda elikhulu ngokuzayo kuwe noma izindlalifa zakho. Ngakho-ke, ungagijimeli esakhiweni ukumba, ukutshala, ukwakha.

• Okokuqala, ngamadokhumenti afakazela ukuthengwa kwendawo, kufanele uthintane negumbi le-cadastral ukuze ubhalise. Thola inombolo ye-cadastral yempahla ethengiwe.
• Ungagcini! Cwaninga isiza, noma ngabe sathengwa kumnikazi wangaphambilini nomakhelwane abahle abangazifuni izikhala ezingama-10-20 cm ezindawo ezingekho emthethweni. Inqubo yenhlolovo iyadingeka. Inqubo izolungisa ngokusemthethweni indawo esemngceleni nendawo yendawo esehlobo noma umhlaba.
• Lapho usuthole le mibhalo emi-2, ngokwakho uzogoqa isayithi, okungukuthi, ulinciphise emhlabeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufaka kahle insimu. uzungu. Ukusuka ngaphakathi kwendawo, isando ngezinsika (ngaphandle kokushiya umugqa womngcele) bese udonsa okwesikhashana ucingo noma ukethula inetha.
• Hlola indawo ebiyelwe, ubale amathuba okuvela nentuthuko yawo. Thintana nomndeni wakho ukuthi ungaqhuba kanjani umsebenzi: ngokuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwezindlu nezinye izakhiwo zasendlini ezikhathazayo ngokulima, yenza konke ngokwakho futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, baphendukela kusizo lwangaphandle noma ufune usizo kubakhi, kwabakhi bemvelo, nakubasebenzi basemapulazini.

Ukuhlela isiza sokuqala

Ngokuhambisana namaphepha, qhubeka ngokuhlelwa kwesiza. Musa ukujaha! Zijwayeze kuqala izidingo zokubona imingcele yamabhilidi nokwakheka komhlaba maqondana nezigaba ezingomakhelwane. Endaweni yokwakha, indawo yokuhlala itholakala ebangeni lamamitha ayi-4-5 ukusuka komakhelwane noma ukuze isithunzi sesikhathi esithe xaxa sendlu nezinye izakhiwo zihlale esizeni sayo. Izihlahla eziseceleni komngcele wesakhiwo kufanele zitshalelwe kude ne-3 m, kanti izitshalo zebhitridi 2 m ukusuka endaweni ezungezile yomhlaba. Ama-Strawberry nezitshalo zasengadini 30-50 cm kusuka kocingo oluhlukanisayo. Lapho kwakhiwa uthango oluhlaza, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinhlobo ezingakhi amahlumela amaningi amahlumela angaphansi komhlaba ukuze zingavale indawo yomakhelwane.

Izindawo Ezigunyaziwe

Uma umusha kumdwebo we-landscape, mema onguchwepheshe futhi ulalele izeluleko zakhe. Ngokuhlelela okuzimele, qokomisa lezi zindawo ezilandelayo ohlelweni olujwayelekile, unake izincomo zokubona imingcele:

• indlu
• indawo yokuphumula
• ingadi kanye nezimbali
• ingadi.

Ohlelweni olufanayo, kuyadingeka ukubona imigwaqo ejwayelekile yokufinyelela, amanzi nokuthuthwa kwendle. Umnyango ophakathi nendawo omkhulu kufanele ube mkhulu ngokwanele (egalaji, endlini), kodwa ungahambi kude nezwe, ngoba awukwazi ukusebenzisa lo mhlaba kwezinye izinhloso.

Kumashidi ahlukile ohlelo (ngezinga elithile), hlela indawo yezindawo ezinaka indawo okuhlalwa kuyo. Esimweni somnotho, phawula indawo izakhiwo (indlu noma indlu engadini, egalaji, okwakhiwa ngayo okungeziwe (indlu yesikhashana yokushintshana), indawo yokusebenzela, indawo okuhlanzeka kuyo, kubandakanya nendlu yangasese, indlu yokugezela nezinye. Ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo kuqala ngesimo somnotho. Ikhona lokuthuthwa kwendle alitholakali eduze kwamamitha ayi-15 ukuya kwezi-20 ukusuka ezindlini ngaleyo ndlela (lapho kungekho ukuxhumana kwezindlu zangasese ezingapheli) ukuthi imfucumfucu yangasese neyokugezela ayiwele komakhelwane (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingadini)

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zomnotho

Imisebenzi ephambili ukufakwa kohlelo lokunikezela ngamanzi noma ubuciko kanye nokuhambisa indle ngokufakwa kwendlu yangasese. Hlomisa izimo zokuphila. Setha itende noma i-trailer, indawo yokugcina impahla yesikhashana yezinto zokwakha, amathuluzi, nezinye izinto zomsebenzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma unepulani yokwakha, uqala ukungenisa izinto zokwakha, ugaye isisekelo, njll.

Setha indawo yokugcina okwesikhashana yezinto zokwakha, amathuluzi, nezinye izinto zomsebenzi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwensimu engadini

Eshidini elilandelayo lohlelo, khetha indawo engadini. Ingadi, isitshalo se-berry kanye nengadi yemifino ingatholakala endaweni ehlanganisiwe, ihlukaniswe ngaphambi kwezakhiwo, uhlangothi noma emuva, kepha njalo indawo yezitshalo kufanele isuke enyakatho iye eningizimu ukuze ikhanyiselwe kangcono. Uma zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zezilimo zitholakala ngokulandelana, khona-ke esigabeni sokuqala zibeka ingadi, izitshalo zayo eziphansi ngeke zifihlise isivuno sesigaba sesibili (amajikijolo), zona, ngeke zidale izinkinga ngokukhanyisa izitshalo zezithelo. Uma ingadi, isitshalo sebhitradi nengadi kuhlelwe ukuthi zibekwe ezingxenyeni ezihlukile zendawo, khona-ke ukubekwa kwazo ngandlela thile kufanele kuhambisane nemibandela elandelayo:

• Isakhiwo sengadi kanye nejikijolo kufanele sibe sendaweni evulekile, enelanga enamanzi aphakeme omhlaba. Awungeke ubeke ingadi emathafeni aphansi. Imimoya ebandayo yomoya namanzi amaningi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula zentwasahlobo kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle ezitshalweni.
• Isakhiwo sengadi kufanele sifake ukujikeleza kwesiko kanye nezilimo ezi-5-11, ukuze ziwele endaweni yazo yangaphambili yokulinyelwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-3-5. Indawo kumele ithole inani elanele lokukhanya kwelanga, ivikeleke ekubhalweni okungakapheli.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo insimu ye-berry-berry, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucubungule ngokucophelela ukuthi iziphi izitshalo ezizotholakala kusiza esabelwe, bese uzifaka kulomdwebo ngokuqokwa kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo nokude kolunye. Lapho ubeka izitshalo kumdwebo, gcina ukhumbula ukuthi ibanga phakathi kwezilimo zezithelo kufanele okungenani libe ngu-3-4 m (3 m ukuthola izinhlobo ezincanyana noma ezinqenqemeni), phakathi kwezihlahla eziyi-1.5-2.0 m. Ebhayweni ledayari engadini bhala phansi amagama ezitshalo nezithelo zomdwebo nencazelo emfushane, futhi ehlelweni, akhombisa indawo akuyo endaweni yesakhiwo ngaphansi kwezinombolo.

Ingadi yezithelo entsha.

Ukuhlelwa kwengadi nemithetho yokubeka ingadi kuxoxwa kabanzi emibhalweni ethi "Ukubekwa kwesihlahla sezithelo nezithelo zomuntu siqu", "Izeluleko zabaqalayo: izitshalo zemifino eziyisisekelo nokujikeleziswa kwezitshalo" nezinye zifakwe kumakhasi esiza seBotanichka.

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi endaweni engadini

Usuvele uthathe isinqumo sokunisela ngamanzi kanye nokuhambisa indle, ukuxhumeka okuyinhloko sekuphothuliwe, kusungulwe uhlelo, ungaqhubeka nokuhlelwa okujwayelekile kwesakhiwo sengadi ngokwemvelo. Ingqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi evela ezakhiweni zokwakha kufanele idluliselwe ngokushesha “eziqhingini zomhlabathi”, okungukuthi, ezindaweni zokutshala okuzayo eziphawulwe ohlelweni.

Yenza ukuhlelwa okuvundlile, ukale inhlabathi yomhlabathi olethwe. Uma uzungu luyintombi nto, lima noma ugobe bese ubuyisela amasampula enhlabathi elabhorethri eliseduze ukuze kuhlaziywe amakhemikhali. Ukuba nomphumela wokuhlaziywa, ungaqala ukucwilisa isayithi.

• Uma inhlabathi is acidified, bese ususa ku-oxidize.
• I-Clogging ingancishiswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: ngaphandle nangaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo wamakhemikhali ama-herbicides. Ngonyaka wokuqala, ukunisela okuvusa inkanuko nokutshala kubangela ukwanda okukhulayo nokhula, ngokunciphisa kuwo, kunciphisa ukhula oluphelele (ikakhulukazi ukhula lonyaka).
• Uma inhlabathi incishisiwe, khulisa isizinda sokukhiqiza ngokujwayelekile ngokungenisa umquba, amaconsi ezinyoni, i-humus, humus, umanyolo wamaminerali, ukutshala umquba oluhlaza okwesikhathi esithile. Le misebenzi iyadingeka. Thatha isikhathi sakho sokutshala imifino. Ukuhlwanyela nokutshala kufanele kwenziwe enhlabathini elungiselelwe, uma kungenjalo (ikakhulukazi ekuvakasheni okungavamile) uzoqoqa isivuno esikhulu sokhula olunezithombo.

Uma kunesidingo, thuthukisa inhlabathi engadini.

Ukubhaliswa kocingo lwendawo

Imisebenzi yokwakha nengadi yenziwa ezindaweni eziqokiwe. Amanzi angcolisiwe aqediwe, okokukhipha amapayipi nokuhambisa indle. Ngemuva kokuthi izinto ezinkulu zokwakha (phansi, njll.) Zilethwe futhi zibekwe, ukwakhiwa kocingo kungaqala. Kungcono ukubeka engxenyeni engaphambili kocingo kusuka ohlangothini lokungena kwegceke.

Emaphethelweni esayithi ungakha uthango lwamatshe amakhulu nezinye izinto zokwakha bese ulivala ngesihlahla sokuhlobisa. Ungatshala uthango ngokuzungeza umngcele kusuka ezihlahleni ezinde ezihlobisayo nezihlobisayo eziqhakaza izimbali (ibarberry, dejtsiya, sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala nezinye izilimo). Izimpande ezihlanganisiwe ze-Spiky ngeke zisebenze kuphela njengomhlobiso wokuhlobisa wendawo, kepha futhi zivikele nakwabavakashi abangamenyiwe. Umkhawulo wokungena esizeni ungomunye wokugcina. Inesango namapulathi ekhonkolo, elihlotshiswe ezinhlangothini ngamafomu amancane ezakhiwo, amalambu, izaphulelo zokuhlobisa, imidwebo emikhulu.

Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokuzijabulisa

Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokuzijabulisa kuyisinyathelo sokugcina. Ubukhulu bayo, ukuhlobisa, uhlu lwezakhiwo kuncike enjongweni yomhlaba:

• indawo yomndeni yokuphumula lapho isibalo esikhulu sendawo sigcinelwe indawo eluhlaza enotshani bokuhlobisa, imibhede yezimbali, ama-slides e-alpine, imingcele yezemidlalo, ezinye izindawo: ama-sandboxes, i-dollhouse, i-swords, i-arbor, izindonga zokuzivocavoca, ichibi, ichibi lezinhlanzi nezitshalo zasemanzini,
• indawo yokuhlala unomphela yomndeni ngokuhlelwa kwazo zonke izinsiza, abamba ukushisa, ingadi ebusika noma abamba ukushisa, abamukela izivakashi,
• indawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile, enendawo esekhaya ngendlela yendlu yezwe, igaraji nezinye izakhiwo. Indawo esemqoka kuleli khishi elinjalo ligcinelwe indawo engadini eyenzelwe ukutshala imikhiqizo enobungane nemvelo yokulwa ne-allergenic esetshenziswa okusha nasekulungiseleleni ubusika. Kulokhu, indawo yokuzijabulisa inqunyelwe endaweni yokulungiselela izitsha zangaphandle (izoso, izoso) emoyeni ovulekile, i-gazebo, ingadi yezimbali.

Ngemuva kokuhlela zonke izindawo ezihleliwe, kungakhathalekile ukuthi inhloso yaluphi uhlaka lomhlaba, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka izindlela zomsebenzi, ezinhlangothini lapho kufanele kubekwe khona imigoqo emincane yemibhede yezimbali noma izihlahlana ezingalahli ukuhlobisa kwazo ngemuva kokugunda izinwele. Ukuqamba lonke uhlaka ngezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezitholakala kumakona ehlukene wobunini bomhlaba.

Lapho kuthengwa uzungu olwakhiwe ngaphambili, izindawo ezifanayo zibekwa ezinhlelweni, futhi uhlu olunzulu lwezokwakha nezindawo zokuhlala lwenziwa ngendlela ethile. Isifunda ngasinye sihambisana nohlu lwemisebenzi, kufaka phakathi ukwakhiwa kabusha kwensimu yakho. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izihlahla zezithelo ezindala, ziyagula zingagawulwa.

Ukuze iziqu ziqule ngokushesha, bakhuhla izimbobo eziningana esiqwini, bazigcwalise nge-ammonium nitrate bese bezimboza ngezinto ezitholakala emanzini. Umanyolo we-Amoni ukhiqiza ukhuni ngesikhathi esifushane futhi sekuvele kulula ukukhulula izinsalela zesigaxa emhlabathini. Uma isiqu sasihlala endaweni yokuzijabulisa noma otshanini obuseduze echibini, ungagawula phakathi (yakha isitsha), ugcwalise ngomhlabathi futhi utshale izitshalo eziqhakaza izimbali. Amabhishi akhiwe ngokungafanele esikhundleni sokugawulwa, adluliselwa endaweni entsha. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwendawo, ukutshala izihlahla zokuhlobisa, izihlahla, izihlahla zamaqembu ezinikeza ubuntu obuhlukile kumninindawo kutyalwe okokugcina.