Kokuhlobisa futhi kuyasiza.

Abantu abaningi bayazi i-hawthorn njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, isitshalo esingajwayelekile, umhlobiso wezingadi, amapaki, izikwele ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zezwe. I-hedge eyenziwe kahle, ekhula ngokushesha, yasekuqaleni "ehlala bukhoma", ehlala isikhathi eside (iminyaka engama-200 futhi ngisho neminyaka engama-300) ithatha indawo efanele uthango lusebenzisa uthango olwenziwe ngopende, ukhonkolo, njll. Sincoma ukuthi kusetshenziswe enye yezinhlobo zayo ezingama-50 ezikhula ezweni lethu ukuthola izingadi zasekhaya, - igazi le-hawthorn libomvu kusuka emndenini iRosaceae. It has hhayi kuphela zokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi nezakhiwo ezibalulekile zokudla okunempilo nezokwelapha.

Ngokwemvelo, le hawthorn itholakala ezifundeni ezisempumalanga engxenyeni yaseYurophu engxenyeni eseningizimu yeSiberia, emaphethelweni nasezihlathini zamahlathi, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla sehlathi, ezigodini zemifula.

Igama lohlobo livela egameni lesiGrikhi, elisho ukuthi ukuqina, ukuqina. I-hawthorn, empeleni, inezinkuni eziqinile nemijikelezo eqinile.

Muva nje, sekutholwe imvume esemthethweni yokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nezinye izinhlobo ze-hawthorn: i-prickly hawthorn, etholakala emazweni aseBaltic naseTranscarpathia, naseDaurian evela e-Eastern Siberia, Amur nase Primorye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafaka izithelo ze-hawthorn odnestichnogo ne-Altai. Abafundi bethu bazokwazi ukusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo ezihlelweni zabo bobabili ukulungiselela ingadi nezinjongo zokwelapha.

Igazi elibomvu le-hawthorn liyi-shrub emide, futhi kwesinye isikhathi isihlahla esincane esingafika ku-4 m ukuphakama sinamahlumela ansundu ansundu, ahlotshiswe ngokufanele ngoMeyi-Juni ngezimbali ezimhlophe nezimpinki kufinyelela ku-1.5 cm ubukhulu. Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo simbozwe ngengubo ebomvu ngokubomvu - ihlotshiswe ngokuphelele ngamajikijolo abomvu ayizipikili kufika kububanzi obuyi-1 cm, elenga okhambeni olude. Izithelo zivuthwa ngo-Agasti-Septhemba.

Ingasakazwa ngembewu nangembewu yezimpande. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izithombo zikhula kancane bese ziqala ukuthela izithelo kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10-15. Ngakho-ke, kukhethwa indlela yokusabalalisa imifino.

Uma ngesizathu esithile uthatha isinqumo sokuthola izinto zokutshala ezinhlanyelweni, lapho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi uzihlwanyele kuqala emigqeni ekhethekile ukuya ekujuleni kuka-2-3 cm emigqeni, ibanga phakathi kwawo okungu-15-20 cm. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole u-22: 22 ngonyaka wokuqala, owesibili Izithombo ezingama-18 kuya kwezingu-20 ezikhule kahle zikulungele ukufakelwa. Ukutshala okunjalo kusetshenziselwa ukubeka uthango, ukutshala emigqeni engu-2-3. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zilandelana zingama-40- 46 cm, phakathi kwemigqa engu-0.5 m.

Izitshalo zitshalwe emithonjeni engama-20 × 30 cm, zifakwe nge-nitroammophos, 100 g ngayinye. Esizeni, ungakha amakhethini kusuka ku-hawthorn.

Okokutshala okukodwa (yedwa), kuyadingeka ukukhetha indawo evulekile ye-hawthorn, uma unikezwe ukuthi ayikhethi kangako ngomhlabathi.

Izici zokwelapha zalesi sitshalo bezaziwa kusukela ngesikhathi se-Dioscorides. Manje amalungiselelo kusuka ku-hawthorn asetshenziswa eFrance, e-Austria, e-East Germany, ePoland nakwamanye amazwe. Ezweni lethu, umuthi osemthethweni usebenzisa izimbali nezithelo zalesi sitshalo ngezifo ezinzima zenhliziyo: ukusebenza kokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo, i-angioneurosis, i-paroxysmal tachycardia, i-atria fibrillation. Ukulungiselela kweHawthorn kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo nobuchopho.

Kunezindlela eziningi zemithamo evela ku-hawthorn: i-tincture yezithelo, ukukhishwa kwe-ketshezi, izithelo ezikuphakeji nezimbali kwiphakheji.

Ukukhishwa okungamanzi kwezithelo ze-hawthorn ebomvu-gazi kuyingxenye ye-drugioiolen eyaziwayo yezidakamizwa. Ukulungiselela i-hawthorn kunobuthi obuphansi futhi kunomthelela ovuselelayo enhliziyweni ekhathele, kunciphisa i-cholesterol yegazi.

Faka le mishanguzo engenhla ngaphakathi njengoba kushiwo udokotela imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla ngendlela yokumiliselwa okumanzi (1 ithisipuni lezimbali, izithelo engilazini yamanzi abilayo), phuza isipuni izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku noma i-tinctures (40-70% utshwala ) Ama-20 ehla amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku; ukukhipha uketshezi (70% utshwala) 20-30 kwehla izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngosuku.

Izimbali nezithelo ze-hawthorn ziqukethe izinto eziyigugu eziphilayo - ama-flavonoid, ama-carotenoids, ama-pectins, i-fructose, njll. Izimpande zakhona ziyindwangu eluhlaza yokuthola upende ophuzi ongenangozi. Ezimbewu - amafutha angaphezu kwama-30%. IHawthorn nayo iyisitshalo esihle sikaju. Amagxolo ayo angasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokusikiwe.

Ekusebenzeni kwezilwane, i-tinthorn tinth isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti elawula izinhliziyo nokujikeleza kwe-atherossteosis ne-cardiac neurosis, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-myocardial.

Ezimweni zemithi yesintu, ukufakwa kwezithelo nezimbali sekuyisikhathi eside kusetshenziselwa ukuqwasha, umkhuhlane, ukuphefumula, ukubekezela, ukukhwehlela futhi njengento evusa ukuyaluza kwemizwa. Izithelo namaqabunga kubuye kukhonze esikhundleni setiye.

Lapho uqoqa izimbali, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isikhathi sezimbali ze-hawthorn sifushane kakhulu, izinsuku ezingama-3-4 kuphela. Awukwazi ukuwaqoqa ekuseni, kuze kube yilapho amazolo esomile, nangemva kwemvula. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisiwe zibekwa kungakapheli amahora angama-1-2 ngemuva kokuqoqwa emthunzini kuma-attic, ngaphansi kwekholomu noma endaweni enomoya owenele, kusabalalisa ungqimba omncane ngendwangu noma ephepheni. Isithelo sezimbali ezomile singu-18- 20%.

Izinto ezingavuthiwe ziqukethe ama-inflorescence noma izimbali ngazinye ezinama-pedicels. Ngokuya kwe-GOST, kufanele ihambisane nezinkomba ezilandelayo: ube nephunga elibuthakathaka, elikhethekile, ukunambitheka okubabayo okuncane. Okuqukethwe komswakama kwezinto ezingavuthiwe akukho ngaphezu kwe-14%, i-ash ephelele i-11%, ezinye izingxenye zezitshalo ezingekho ngaphezulu kwe-3%, izimbali ezinsundu kufika ku-3.5%, ukungcola kwe-organic kanye ne-mineral kuze kufike ku-0,5%. Kufanele zigcinwe ezitsheni ezomile, amabhokisi afakwe ngephepha elihlanzekile nelisindayo. Intengo yokuthenga izimbali ezomile ama-ruble ayi-5. nge-1 kg.

Izinto ezisetshenziselwa okungemuva kusuka ezithelo ngokuya nge-GOST 3852-75 kufanele zibe nokunambitheka okumnandi, inyama ephuzi, umswakama okuqukethwe kuze kufike ku-14%, umlotha ophelele - 3%, izithelo ezishisiwe futhi zaba mnyama zaba ngaphezulu kwe-3%, ezimeni, ezinombala ophuzi zafika ku-1%, ezinqwabeni ezifika ku-1%, s ukhipha izingcobho ezingakhethiwe, izingcezu ezihlukene, amathambo ngamanye namagatsha kungabi ngaphezu kwe-2%, ukungcola okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo kuze kufike ku-1%, ukungcola kwamaminerali kuze kufike ku-0,5%, izinto ezifaka emzimbeni - okungenani ama-25%. Isikhathi sewaranti sokugcina izinto ezingavuthiwe yiminyaka emi-2.

Isikhathi esihle sokuvuna izithelo nguSepthemba-Okthoba. Zomisiwe kuhhavini ku-50-60 °. Isithelo sezithelo ezomile singama-25%. Intengo yokuthenga izithelo ezomile ama-ruble ama-2. nge-1 kg.

Izithelo nezimbali ze-hawthorn kumele zibe semkhondweni wemithi kwikhabethe lemithi yasekhaya futhi lisetshenziswe njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela.

Ungahlala udlulisela okokusetshenziswa okweqile okuluhlaza ekhendeni likhemisi.

Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe:

• A. Rabinovich, Udokotela Wezesayensi Yezemithi.