Izindawo ezishisayo ziyipharadesi yezitshalo, cishe emakhulwini eminyaka adlule azange ziveze zonke izimfihlo zazo. Izinhlobo zezinhlobo nezinhlobo ezihlala lapha zisaheha izazi zemvelo nama-botanists. Futhi ukutholwa okumangalisa kakhulu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokutholwa okukhulu kwendawo namashumi eminyaka alandelayo.
Umlando wokutholwa kanye nemvelaphi ye-Anthurium
Ngo-1876, umhloli wamanzi wezitshalo waseFrance u-Eduard Andre, ehamba ezungeze iNingizimu Melika, wathola izitshalo ezazingaziwa ngaphambili ezazibiza ngokuthi ama-anthurium. Ukuqagela okutholwe ososayensi kuchazwe futhi kuhanjiswa ku-Old World. Njengoba kwenzeka kamuva, ama-Anthuriums ayizinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zohlobo lomndeni ezifakiwe emndenini wakwa-Aroid. Ezweni lase-Anthurium, izitshalo ezinokubukeka okufanayo nezimo zokukhula zakha cishe izinhlobo ezingamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye.
Iningi labamele lolu hlobo lwama-epiphytes ahlala ezihlahleni zamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, imivini enezimpande ezinde zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinhlobo zezilwane ezijwayele ukuhlala emadwaleni, ezinamathele angenamatshe angenalutho kanye nokufakwa okuncane kwe-humus.
Igama imbali ngesiLatini livela kumagama athi "umsila" nelithi "imbali", okubonisa kahle ukubukeka kwe-inflorescence yesitshalo esishisayo. Kepha abantu babiza lesi sitshalo ngokuthi "imbali ye-Flamingo", "ulimi olubomvu", kodwa futhi babiza i-Anthurium nenjabulo yabesilisa. Kwesinye isikhathi abatshali bezimbali abakhula nge-anthuriums kumawindows abo abazi umlando wegama, kodwa banesiqiniseko sokuthi isitshalo sinomphumela omuhle emoyeni womuzi. Ngakho-ke yini ephawuleka nge-anthurium, futhi isho ukuthini le mbali?
Uphawu lenjabulo yabesilisa - u-Anthurium waseNingizimu Melika
Kukholakala ukuthi leli gama elingavamile lalesi sitshalo laqalwa esikhathini sangaphambi kweKolumbi phakathi kwezizwe zendawo ezazihlala lapho kuzalwa khona i-Anthurium - Colombia. Kusekhona inganekwane echaza ngemvelaphi yase-Anthurium.
Lapho umhlaba wawumncane kakhulu, futhi onkulunkulu babevame ukwehlela kubantu, esigodini esisodwa kwakuhlala intombazane encane, enhle, enjengembali entsha yehlathi. Umzingeli onesibindi wamthanda, futhi ngokushesha amaculo omshado kufanele azwakalise wona, kodwa kwenzeka into embi. Umholi onomona nobubi wesizwe esingumakhelwane, esezwile ngobuhle bale ntombazanyana, wayefuna ukumenza isancinza sakhe. Ehlikihla amasosha, wangena ngaphansi kwezindonga zedolobhana walichitha. Abaningi esigodini bashona ezandleni zabahlaseli begazi, kanti isithandwa sentombazane asikwazanga ukusinda. Ejabulele ukunqoba, lo mholi wazizwa enamandla onke futhi wayala abadala ukuthi balethe ubuhle kuye.
Intombazane eqhoshayo yamelana nayo, yagqoka ingubo ebomvu enhle kunazo zonke eyayilungele umshado, yaziphonsa emlilweni wentukuthelo, ukuze ingazitholi i-villain. Ngaphambi kokuba izinhlansi zandize ziye ezulwini, onkulunkulu babona ububi obenzeka emhlabeni baphenduka ubuhle baba imbali yabantu.
Kusukela lapho, ihlathi kade lakhula esakhiweni sendawo edilikisiwe. Kwakungekho okutholwayo kwezifiso ezake zaqubuka lapha, abantu bodwa baqhakaza ematsheni nasezimpandeni zezihlahla ezinde. Futhi amaconsi awela emaqabunga akhumbuza izehlakalo zakudala, njengezinyembezi zentombazane efelwa yisithandwa sayo futhi ililela uthando olonakalisiwe nenjabulo.
Le ndaba imunyu, kepha eColombia bakholelwa ukuthi i-anthurium iyi-talisman enhle yabasanda kushada, ebavikela futhi ibavikele emaphutheni nasezingxabanweni. Emakhosombeni anikezwe imishado eNingizimu Melika, imbali yase-Anthurium isho isifiso senjabulo nokuchuma.
Kwabamele ubulili obuqine, imbali ingaletha amandla e-masculine ahlukile kanye nekhono lokumela abathandekayo. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo sikhona emhlobisweni wamakamelo umbhangqwana osemusha emva komshado.
Ngabe zibukeka kanjani lezi zitshalo ezihehayo?
Ama-Anthuriums amaningi abhekene nobuso
Njengoba uhlobo lukhona kakhulu futhi luhlukile, indawo azalelwa kuyo i-Anthurium ingabhekwa njengesifunda esikhulu ukusuka eMexico kuya enyakatho ye-Argentina nase-Uruguay. Lapha kuhlala izitshalo ezidume kakhulu ezake zathola indawo yazo ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo namabhodwe angaphakathi, kanye nezinhlobo ezincane ezisaziwa.
Ngaphandle kokuthi abantu baseYurophu bebelokhu bejwayelene ne-Anthurium kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, kukalwa ingcosana yezinhlobo zalesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele ekhaya. Imvamisa emasikweni ungathola izinhlobo zezimbali ezinhle, phakathi kwazo umholi yi-banturium u-Andre, oqanjwe ngegama lokutholwa, kanye ne-waturium Scherzer. Ngemuva kwalokho inzalo eminingi enhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezitholwe kulezi zinhlobo sezivele futhi zivele zaziwa ukuthandwa.
Ezitshalweni zezinhlobo u-Andre, umsuka we-Anthurium nezibopho zomndeni wakhe nabanye abamele umndeni we-Aroid baqagelwa ngokusobala. Imbali, noma i-inflorescence yesitshalo, iminyene, futhi ikhukhamba elizungezwe yisembozo esikhazimulayo esikhanyayo.
Ezweni lakubo, ama-anthuriums amafomu asendle enza kuphela umbala obomvu okhanyayo, kepha namuhla, ngenxa yokukhethwa, kungenzeka ukuthola izinhlobo ezishisayo ngama-palette, osayizi kanye nemithunzi yama-inflorescence. Ngaphezu kokubomvu, ungathola amhlophe, apinki, onsomi, acishe abe mnyama, futhi aluhlaza. Kepha akuzona zonke lezi zimangaliso ezilungiselelwe isitshalo esishisayo sabathandi bezitshalo zasendlini.
Uma i-waturium ka-Andrew icishe ibe isicaba, abakwaSherzer Anthurium, ababizwa ngokuthi "imbali ye-Flamingo", bahlukaniswa ikhiyubhu emangalisayo, engagcini ngokuba mhlophe, ophuzi noma opinki kuphela, kodwa futhi ibomvu ngokugqamile.
Ngokukhanyisa okufanele nokunisela, ukuqhakaza kwe-anthurium "injabulo yabesilisa" kungahamba unyaka wonke, futhi ama-inflorescence awalahlekelwa ukukhanga kwawo kuze kube inyanga. Lapho umgubuzelo uqeda, nezimbali ezincane ezakha izindlebe ziveve impova, ukwakheka kwe-ovary kuqala. Izithelo ze-Anthurium zingamajikijolo aphuzi noma obomvu-owolintshi aqukethe imbewu emibili ngayinye.
Amahlamvu wokuhlobisa we-Anthurium "injabulo yabesilisa" ahlukahlukene njengezimbali. Amaqabunga e-oval, enomqondo obunjiwe nenhliziyo ehlukanisiwe wabo bonke ubukhulu nemibala - lokhu kungumhlobiso wesibili obaluleke kakhulu wesiko. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingaphezulu lamapuleti eshidi elikwazi ukujika ngemuva kokuhamba kwelanga lingacwebezela noma libe matte, futhi umbala oluhlaza obushelelekile eduze kwe-motley.
Izinhlobo ezazinamahlamvu angajwayelekile zabonwa ngabatshali bezimbali njengeqembu labantu abahlotshiswe ngamaqabunga.
Phakathi kwazo futhi kuningi okuthakazelisa kakhulu futhi kufanele ukutshala izitshalo ekhaya, njengoku, isibonelo, i -anturium cristallinum evela emahlathini emvula aseColombian.
Ngingakwazi ukugcina abanturium ekhaya?
Ngokwenganekwane efanayo yakudala ngemvelaphi ye-anthurium, ukuziqhenya kwentombazane ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwayo imbali akuzange kunyamalale. Ukuze ungaweli ezandleni ezimbi, lesi sitshalo sathola ujusi we-caustic ovela konkulunkulu. Namuhla, le nganekwane inencazelo efanele yesayensi. Zonke izingxenye ze-anthurium, njengezinye izitshalo zomndeni we-Aroid, ziqukethe i-calcium oxalate, enobuthi ngokweqiniso futhi ekwazi ukudala ukulimala kulwelwesi lwama-mucous.
Ngakho-ke kungenzeka yini ukugcina i -anturium endlini? Ngabe isitshalo sizolimaza abantu?
Into enobungozi ezingxenyeni eziluhlaza zalolu hlobo lwendabuko yaseNingizimu Melika ayinkulu kangako, ngakho-ke ayikho ingozi yezempilo kubantu abadala ezindlini. Kepha ezinganeni ezincane nasezilwaneni ezingakwazi ukunambitha amahlamvu, kungcono ukususa ama-anthurium kude. Izinhlobo ezithile ze-anthurium zinephunga elimenyezelwe, okumele linakwe uma umuntu onomuzwa owengeziwe wephunga ehlala endlini.
Isitshalo sonke esishisayo asisiyingozi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi singasiza. I-Anthurium ingakwazi ukudonsa amakhompiyutha athile ayingozi angena endlini, ngokwesibonelo, ngokuphelelwa yimoto noma amapulasitiki. Lezi zinto zifaka i-xylene ne-toluene. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama, inhlala-kahle yaso, umhlwanyeli kuyodingeka ukuthi amanzise umoya njalo, okunomphumela omuhle empilweni yabantu.
Ama-Anthuriums "injabulo yabesilisa" ayigcini nje ngokuthandwa izitshalo zasendlini, kodwa futhi asika izimbali, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezimbali namaphakathi nezindawo. Lokhu kungenxa yokubukeka okumangazayo kwama-inflorescence nekhono lawo lokugcina okusha kuze kuphele amasonto ayisithupha. Icebo eliphambili lapha ukusika isiqu sezimbali ngesikhathi, lapho isembozo sivulwa ngokuphelele, futhiendlebe ikhonjiswa impova.
