IGymnocalycium (Gymnocalycium) ingeyomndeni we-cactus futhi iyi-cactus eyindilinga. Imvelaphi yaseNingizimu Melika (iBolivia, i-Argentina, i-Uruguay, i-Argentina kanye neBrazil). Inegama lesiLatini: "" gymnos "ne" calycium ", elihumusha ngokulandelana ngokuthi" enqunu "nelithi" calyx ". Futhi konke ngoba amashubhu ezimbali anqunu futhi ambozwe izikali eziningi ezibushelelezi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-hymnocalycium, osayizi bazo zingashiyana kusuka ku-2,5 cm kuya ku-25-30 cm. Isiqu singaba isicaba noma isicaba. Izimbali zithandeka nge-tube ende noma ngaphandle komgogodla noma izinwele, ezimbozwe ngamacembe esikali. Izimbali cishe zazo zonke izinhlobo ziqala ngeminyaka emibili noma emithathu yobudala, eqala entwasahlobo futhi iphele ekwindla sekwephuzile. Izimbali zingaba nezithunzi ezahlukahlukene.
Ukunakekela i-hymnocalycium ekhaya
Isibani
IGymnocalycium isitshalo esithatha izithombe esidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Kodwa-ke, ehlobo, kufanelekile ukudala imithunzi ethile evela emisebeni yelanga ngqo ukugwema ukushiswa kuyo.
Ukushisa
Izinga lokushisa lapho kukhula ama-hymnocalyciums kufanele libe ngokulingana entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Kepha ebusika, kufanele kube ku-15 kuya ku-18 degrees Celsius, yize zingamelana ngisho naphansi - ama-degree ama-5.
Umswakama womoya
Ama-Gymnocalyciums akafuni nhlobo umswakama womoya. Babekezelela ngokuphelele umoya owomile egumbini, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokufafazwa.
Ukunisela
Njengezitshalo eziningi zasendlini, ama-hymnocaliciums ayophuzwa njengoba umhlabathi womile. Amanzi kufanele axazululwe futhi afudumele ngokufudumele, angafakwa i-acidified. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, umbuso wokunisela ulungiswa, unciphisa, futhi maphakathi nekwindla unqunyelwe ngokuphelele, unisela kakhulu futhi kancane.
Inhlabathi
Inhlabathi ingxube ye-turf, humus, peat kanye nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo, okuwukuphela kwe-caatat - usadinga ukufaka amalahle ne crumb ezitini ngamanani amancane. Inhlabathi ye-hymnocaliciums mhlawumbe i-acidic encane, ngaphandle kokuba khona kokungcola kokhilimu. Ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo yezitshalo zikakhokho.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ungasondla lesi sitshalo kanye njalo emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Njengokugqoka okuphezulu, umanyolo we-cactus ojwayelekile, ongathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali, ufanelekile impela.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakwa kwezitshalo kuvame ukwenziwa ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo. Ithangi elisha akufanele libe likhulu kakhulu kunelidala.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hymnocalicium
ICactus Gimnokalitsium isakazeka ngosizo lwendlalelo eziseceleni kanye nembewu.
Ukusakazeka kwecala
Ezinye izinhlobo zama-hymnocalyciums zakha izingqimba ze-lateral. Impela, le ndlela yokusabalalisa iyona elula kunazo zonke, ngoba kudingekile kuphela ukuyihlukanisa kusuka kusiqu esiyinhloko, yomisa isayithi elisikiwe izinsuku ezimbalwa bese ufaka i-substrate enomswakama. Ukwahlukaniswa kwenqubo ye-lateral kusuka kusiqu kulula kakhulu, ngoba ayinazimpande zayo, sekwanele ukuguqula amagatsha futhi ukuxhumana nesiqu sikamama kuyophuka. Ukhula lwengozi lwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ukunakekelwa kwalo kuyafana nesitshalo esidala.
Kukhona futhi izimo lapho izingqimba eziseceleni zinezimpande zazo ezihlangana nezimpande zesitshalo esikhulu. Kulokhu, ungabhala ngokucophelela izimpande zenqubo bese utshala ebhodweni elihlukile.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kuvame kakhulu kuma-hymnocalyciums. Vele, le ndlela ayimbi ukwedlula ukuzalwa kabusha, kepha, okuphambene nalokho, okungcono kakhulu, ngoba imbewu ungathola inzalo inempilo futhi ingcono.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa emgatheni ocwebezelwe kahle, ongabekwa kuqala kuhhavini ukuze ukhiphe isibulala-magciwane kuwo. Kungcono ukuthatha imbiza encane futhi engashisi ukuze uyihlwanyele. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kwisakhiwana esimanzi esivela phezulu. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuthi inhlabathi kumele ihlale inomswakama, kulokhu okokuqala ungamboza imbewu ngefilimu esobala noma isivalo, ufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi noma uthele isigaqa esingezansi kwesitreyi. Izinga lokushisa elifanelekile lokuhluma kwembewu licishe libe ngama-20 degrees.
Ungahlwanyela imbewu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, uma kungenzeka ukuthi ubanikeze ngemibandela edingekayo (ukukhanya nokushisa). Izithombo ezikhule kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zikhula ngokushesha, ngakho lapho benonyaka owodwa zingadluliselwa ebhodweni elihlukile.
Ukugoma
Ama-hymnocalyciums angenayo i-chlorine kuphela adinga ukugonywa. Kuyiqiniso, ukugoma kungasebenza nakwezinye izimo: uma udinga ukonga isithombo esibolile noma ukhule izinhlobo ezingandile ze-cacti ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ukugoma kwenzeka ngokwemithetho ejwayelekile, njengayo yonke i-cacti: khetha kuqala izitshalo ezikhulayo ezinempilo ezidingekayo ekugomeni. Ngemuva kwalokho wonke amathuluzi abulawa amagciwane futhi ukusikeka okubukhali kwenziwa esithelweni naku-scion, okwathi emva kwalokho kuxhunywa ngokushesha, kuzanywa ukuxhuma izinyanda ezivumayo. Kulesi sikhundla, zihlanganiswe ngebhandeshi, kepha hhayi ngokuqinile futhi zigcinwa kanjena isikhathi esingangesonto.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izinambuzane eziphambili zalezi zitshalo ama-mite flat abomvu nezibungu. Futhi isifo esiyinhloko ukubola kwezimpande. Okunzima kakhulu ukususa futhi ukulimaza i-cactus pick kuyinto uphawu olubomvu oluyisicaba. Yize engawathandi kakhulu ama-hymnocaliciums, naphezu kwelesi yezitshalo eminyene ngokwethikhi, ihlala phezu kwayo. Lezi zingcezwana ezinkulu azibonakali ekuqaleni, zishiya nje ulayini ngemuva kwazo - izindawo ezomile zombala ogqwala. Kepha kuma-hymnocalyciums umcimbi onjalo awenziwa njalo, kwenzeka kuphela ezitshalweni ezincane noma kulezo zindawo lapho i-epithelium ingaqiniswa khona ngokwanele.
Ukulwa nabo kulula kakhulu - hlamba nje iziqu ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo noma uwagcobe ngesisombululo se-ethyl. Kukhona enye indlela - ukusebenzisa ama-acaricidal and pesticides universal. Vele, indlela yamakhemikhali kufanele isetshenziswe uma usongelwa uneqoqo lonke le-cacti ehlukile. Futhi uma une-cacti eyodwa noma ezimbili, lokhu akudingekile ngokuphelele.
I-Mealybug yisidleke esincane esisebenza ngezimpande esihlala ezimpandeni neziqu zesitshalo futhi siphungathe lonke ujusi kuso. Zihlala kuma-hymnocalyciums kanye nakwezinye izitshalo kulo mndeni. Zingabonakala kalula ngeso elinqunu, ikakhulukazi endaweni eyisicaba sesitshalo, ngoba imizimba yazo ibomvana futhi imbozwe ungqimba lomoya olufana noboya bekotini.
Uma isitshalo sesiyekile ukukhula futhi nezimbali zingabe zisabonakala, lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sesihlalile ezimpandeni. Uma kukhona okusolisayo ngalokhu, kunconywa ukuhlola uhlelo lwezimpande, ungazibona kalula lezi zibungu. Ukususa lezi zinambuzane, kungenzeka ukugeza izimpande kanye nesitshalo sonke isikhathi eside ngamanzi ashisayo (kodwa hhayi ngamanzi abilayo, kodwa ukuze isandla sihlupheke). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezibulala insecticidal noma universal ukuze ulwe nazo.
Enye inkathazo ukunqotshwa kwesitshalo ngokubola, okuvela lapho i-substrate ingalungile, ukuchelela kungalungile, noma ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezingezinhle. Inqubo yokubola ivame kakhulu kuvezwa ohlelweni lwezimpande. Vele, esimweni esinjalo, ungazama ukusindisa i-cactus uqobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zihlanze ngamanzi ashisayo bese usika zonke izicubu ezithintekile, nakulabo abasele bephilile, zibulala amagciwane ngamalahle noma ngamalungiselelo we-fungicidal. Ngemuva kwalokho, yomisa izimpande izinsuku ezimbalwa bese uzitshala ezitshalweni, njengalapho usakaza ngokufaka izingqimba.
