Izinhlobo eziningi ze-yucca emvelweni zihlala endaweni enkulu ukusuka eGuatemala naseMexico kuya esifundazweni sase-Alberta eCanada. Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga aqine kakhulu angabhekwa njengomunye wabamele abanzima kakhulu futhi bazivumelanisa nezimo zomhlaba oluhlaza. Abesabi amazinga okushisa ngokweqile, ukuntuleka kwamanzi nokudla okunempilo enhlabathini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-yuccas noma izintende zamanga sekuyisikhathi eside kudonsela ukunaka kwabathandi bezitshalo zokuhlobisa.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlobo ezingama-49 nezinhlobo ezingama-24 zihlobisa izigcawu zamapaki amadolobha namapaki, neziza eziseduzane nezindlu. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-yuccas angaphansi kakhulu izitshalo eziwumbala zasendlini.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-yucca nezimpawu zazo nezimfanelo eziphawuleka
Ukunakwa kwabatshali bezimbali nabalimi kulisiko kwahehwa yizimpawu ezibalulekile zezitshalo ezinjengalezi:
- ukumangalisa okungatheni, mayelana nemibandela yokutshala nokunakekela okwalandela;
- ukuhlala isikhathi sokubukeka unyaka wonke;
- ifomu elimangazayo, elihlukile ezinhlotsheni ezihlukile;
- ukuqhakaza okuxakile;
- ukuba khona kwezinhlobonhlobo ezihlotshiswe ngamahlamvu ngamathoni aphuzi, amhlophe namsomi.
Ukusebenziseka kwesitshalo kudala ngaphambi kokuba abalimi nabadizayina bemvelo babone amaNdiya aseMelika. Izimpande zeYucca elata noma isihlahla sensipho zigcwele ngama-saponins, futhi i-decoction yazo yasebenza njengohlobo lwe-shampoo. Amahlamvu omile we-yucca fiber atholakala ezihlahleni ayesetshenziselwa ukwenza umlilo futhi amboze ophahleni.
Ezindaweni zasemakhaya zama-Appalachians, i-yucca filamentoza efanekiselwa njenge "hanger yenyama." Izidumbu noma izingcezu zomdlalo zazibhobozwa amapuleti amaqabunga abukhali, aqinile ayeboshwe futhi alengiswe ngokulinganisa, ukubhema noma ukwelapha.
Kuze kube manje, eMexico nakwezinye izindawo lapho kukhula khona i-yucca, amacembe asetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Ngemuva kokususa kuqala i-pestle kanye nesisekelo esibabayo se-corolla, izimbali zigqokwa imizuzu engaba ngu-5, bese zidonswa utamatisi, upelepele no-anyanisi.
Inkundla yokukhula nokuvumelana nezimo kwe-yucca
Ukuguquguquka okuhlangene nekhono lokuqongelela umswakama nokuzivikela emiphumeleni eyingozi yemvelo kuvumela amaYuccas ukuba akhule lapho ezinye izitshalo ezimeni eziningi zingasali.
Abamele lolu hlobo lwesithako bangatholakala eCaribbean naseGuatemala, lapho kuhlala khona izinhlobo zendawo Yucca guatemalensis. Esimweni sendawo eyomile, izindawo ze-Gulf of Mexico nezindawo ezingasogwini lweSouth Atlantic ziwela ebangeni, lapho kulula ukuthola i-Yucca filamentosa enamaqabunga emifino emide kanye nentambo yesimilo e-irosette enikeze igama layo ukubonakala.
Iningi lezindawo zokuhlala izitshalo zisezindaweni eziseningizimu, ezishisayo nezindawo ezishisayo. Kepha izinhlobo eziningana zingatshalwa ngaphandle endaweni efudumele. Lawa yi-yucca filamentosa, i-flaccid, gloriosa ne-recurvifolia. Uhlobo olusenyakatho kakhulu lumelwe esithombeni, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-yucca ezinegama elithi Sizaya. Akesabi nje kuphela isomiso, kodwa futhi usinda endaweni yaseCanada, kude nesimo sezulu esishisayo.
Bonke abamele lolu hlobo bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zesimo sezulu ezinjengalezi:
- izimpande obukhulu ezinqwabelana umswakama;
- ukuqina kwe-wax eqinile emaqabungeni, ukuvimbela ukuhwamuka kwamanzi nokufiphala;
- amaqabunga efile angashisi amboza isiqu njengesiketi futhi asivikela elangeni;
- ukuxinana okuphezulu kwezinkuni, kushesha ukuphikisana nomlilo futhi kuvumela amaYuccas ukuthi alulame ngokushesha ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nemililo.
Ezimweni sezulu ezifudumele, lezi zici zisiza ama-yuccas ukubekezelela iziphaza ezibandayo, amafrimu wesikhashana esifushane ngisho neqhwa, njenge-yucca shotta noma enkulu.
Ukubukeka nokwakheka kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-yucca
Emabhodweni, njenge -planethi yendlu, izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu, ezingaphansi kwe-yucca sezitshalwa. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zinesiqu esifushane noma esicishe zingabonakali, futhi amaqabunga awakhuli isikhathi esingaphezu kuka-40-60 cm. Emvelweni, abamele lolu hlobo bangaba ngabakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, zonke, izitshalo ezincane nezinkulu zinezici ezijwayelekile - yilezi:
- isiqu esiqinile esigaxekile, esilula noma esinamagatsha;
- ukufaka umqhele kuphuma kuma-rosette apical amaqabunga alukhuni;
- i-peduncle enhle kakhulu ebonakala ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, ukumboza inqwaba namakhulu ezimbali zezinsimbi ezinombala omhlophe, ukhilimu, ophuzi noma opinki.
Ukuze kube namaqabunga omisiwe ehlela esiqwini, irosette eqabileyo yamahlamvu phezulu, ukumelana nokushisa nesomiso, ama -ucucas abizwa ngokuthi izintende zamanga. Ukuqhakaza okumangalisayo kwanikeza lesi sitshalo elinye igama - umnduze ogwadule. Ezinye izinhlobo zinobizo lwazo lukazwelonke, oluboniswa ngezimpawu zokubonakala noma izakhiwo zesitshalo. Isibonelo, isihlahla sikaJoshua, inaliti ka-Adamu, insangu yaseSpain.
Naphezu kokuzithoba futhi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okumangalisayo eRussia, kude nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-yucca zingatshalwa. Imvamisa, i-yucca filament iwela ekuqoqweni kwabalandeli bezitshalo ezingafani nezinye.
Ibekezelela ubunzima besimo sezulu esipholile, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, umsebenzi wokukhetha uvunyelwe ukuthola izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga grey, kanye namafomu amangalisa we-motley. Kukhona amanye ama-yucc kuma-flowerbeds aseRussia, ngokwesibonelo, ampunga futhi akhazimulayo.
Efasiteleni elingaphakathi endlini, izimo zendlovu ne-aloe-elite yucca ekhonjiswe esithombeni zivame ukuxazululwa. Zikhethwa ngenxa yokuhlobisa nokukhula kancane, okuvimbela izitshalo ukuthi zingaphenduki izihlahla zangempela ngonyaka noma emibili. Izincazelo zezinhlobo zezithombe nezithombe zezitshalo kuzosiza ukuqonda ukwahluka kwazo, kwethule izici zezimpawu nokubukeka kwe- "American" emangalisayo.
I-Aloe-yucca (Y. aloifolia)
Izwe lengxenye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu, i-aloe-yucca, iyindawo eyomile e-United States naseMexico. Namuhla, lesi sitshalo sitholakala eBermuda, kanye naseJamaica. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-yucca ingatholakali kuphela ezinhlangothini zayo zohlamvu, ivulekile elangeni futhi ingahlukile ekucebeni kwenhlabathi, kepha nasezindaweni ezi park.
Izitshalo ezincane zibukeka njengesihlahla. Isiqu asikakhiwa. Umcabango wabantu abadala, ofinyelela kubude obuyi-6-8 m, uthatha isimo sesihlahla esibuthakathaka esinamagquma aminyene amaqabunga aqine, sifana nemifino yomunye umhlonyane obekezelela isomiso - i-aloe. Imiphetho yamapuleti wephepha eliphakeme le-lanceolate embozwe ngamazinyo. Isipikili sithweswe umqhele obukekayo obonakala ekuqaleni, okwenza i-yucca inyakaze futhi idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela.
Inhlaka ephela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayiwa, kepha iyawa bese isala ukumboza isiqu. Emvelweni, lokhu kusiza isitshalo ukuthi sigcine umswakama futhi sizivikele ekushiseni okuphezulu ogwadule.
Abamele izinhlobo zeYucca aloifolia ziyaqhakaza ngokubabazekayo. Ehlobo, i-peduncle ephezulu iboniswa ngenhla kwe-rosette yamaqabunga, iphetha ku-inflorescence kuze kube yingxenye yemitha ubude. Okumhlophe kusuka ngaphakathi nangokhilimu-onsomi kusuka kuzimbali ezingaphandle kufinyelela ku-3 cm ubude futhi kufana nentsimbi noma i-lily in shape. Ngemuva kokuvundiswa kwezinambuzane esikhundleni sezimbali, amajikijolo ezithelo aneningi brown noma cishe imbewu emnyama aqala ukukhula.
Ama-Florists ayazisa kakhulu i-aloe-elite yucca ngenxa yobume bayo obuhlukahlukene, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwahlukanisa iqoqo lasekhaya noma umbhede wezimbali engadini.
Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-yucca Y. aloifolia aimurea zihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga ansomi noma ansomi. Umbala ongajwayelekile obonakalayo usemapuletini amaqabunga asemasha. Phansi kwendawo okuphumayo kuyo, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani.
Ngamaqabunga we-Y. aloifolia anosgata, amathoni aluhlaza agcwele ahlala eduze ophuzi noma acishe abe mhlophe. Umngcele wombala ohlukile uhambisana nomphetho wepuleti leshidi.
I-Yucca ekhazimulayo (Y. gloriosa)
Ogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-USA, esifundeni sezindunduma ezingaphansi komhlaba kukhona i-yucca, edume ngokufanele amagama amaningi ngasikhathi sinye. Ngenxa yokuqhakaza okumangalisayo, i-yucca ekhazimulayo ibizwa ngokuthi ikhandlela laseRoma. Kumaqabunga amade abanzi, abekiwe, lesi sitshalo kudala siqhathaniswa nodabuki noma i-bayonet yaseSpain.
Ama-Connoisseurs wezitshalo zokuhlobisa ayabonga izinhlobo ngezinhlobo zawo zokukhula okuphansi, ukuzithoba nokungabumbeki. Izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukwakheka komhlaba zivame ukuthatha isimo sesihlahla esiyindilinga noma isihlahla esineziqu ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu. Izitshalo azikwesabi ukuntuleka kwamanzi futhi isithwathwa sifinyelela ku-20 ° C.
Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-Yucca gloriosa kungamamitha amahlanu. Iziqongo zeziqu zihlotshiswe ngama-rosette aluhlaza omnyama, amaqabunga amancanyana anobude obungamasentimitha angama-30 kuye kwangama-50. Amaqabunga abukhali angaba yingozi futhi alimaze uma ephathwa ngendlela engafanele. Ijusi yalolu hlobo lithukuthelisa isikhumba esibucayi kanye nolwelwesi lwama-mucous.
Ikhiqizwe ngabazalisi, ifomu le-yucca elihlotshiswe ngokudlulele lazuza umklomelo weGadi Merit Award, owasungulwa yiBritish Royal Horticultural Society.
I-Yucca Sisaya (Y. glauca)
Bear utshani, i-bayonet yaseSpain noma iYucca yeGreat Plain. Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, i-yucca grey ibizwa ngokuthi izakhamizi zezifunda eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, ukusuka ezindaweni ezinkulisa zaseCanada e-Alberta ziye eTexas naseNew Mexico.
Isitshalo esihlala sihlala sinamaqabunga aqinile, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sinokuphakama okungama-50 cm kuya kumamitha angama-2. Imicu yokutshuza iyabonakala emaphethelweni amahlamvu, njengamaqabunga aconsayo aze afike kubude obuyi-60 cm. mayelana ne-5 cm ubude.
Izimpande ze-yucca ezisetshenzisiwe zisetshenziselwa amaNdiya endawo ukugeza nokuwasha, amaqabunga eqinile e-fibrous ayizinto ezinhle kakhulu zamathe wicker, izintambo kanye nobhasikidi. Futhi amabhokisi embewu eluhlaza ayadliwa.
Elephant Yucca (Y. elephantipes)
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-yucca abomdabu baseNyakatho Melika. Ukusuka eMexico kuya eNicaragua ngisho ne-Ecuador, umuntu angayibona indlovu noma i-yucca enkulu eboniswe esithombeni.
Kutholwe ngekhulu le-19, izinhlobonhlobo zinokuhlukahluka okubalulekile okuvela ezitshalweni ezichazwe ngenhla. Lokhu:
- uqweqwe phansi kwesiqu, esifana nomlenze wendlovu;
- ibhande elibunjiwe, hhayi ukuthi linamahlwili lishiya kufika ku-120 cm ubude.
Izitshalo endalweni ezifinyelela kumamitha ayi-6-9, zikhula futhi zibe yizihlahla ezinamandla. Ezimweni zasekamelweni, ngenxa yokukhula kancane, abatshali bezimbali bayakwazi ukugcina i-yucca isesilinganisweni esilinganiselwe, yize izitshalo zeYucca elephantipes zingaqhakaza.
Ama-inflorescence ethusayo avela kuphela ezincwadini zabantu abadala. Kuvulwa ehlobo, izimbali ezimhlophe ngemuva kokuvundela ziphenduka izithelo ezinezimbali ezinobude obungu-2 kuya ku-3 m.
Kubathandi bezinhlobo ezihlukile, kudalwe izinhlobo eziningana ze-yucca yendlovu, phakathi kwazo kukhona izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zesiliva Star.Amaqabunga awo anomngcele ophuzi noma omhlophe nxazonke onqenqemeni.
I-Yucca Tall (Y. elata)
Izinhlobonhlobo zangesikhathi esedlule akuyona ukuphela kwe-yucca efanelekile ukuba luhlobo lomgcini werekhodi. I-yucca iyakhazimula noma inde ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-1.5-4 ukuphakama, kuyilapho i-inflorescence inkulu kakhulu kunale yama-congeners. Ukuphakama kwe-Peduncle kwesinye isikhathi kudlula imitha. Izimbali ezakha amandla ama-inflorescence amhlophe zimhlophe, zipinki noma ziluhlaza ngombala.
I-Yucca ene-Short-leaved (Y. burvifolia)
Ezifundeni zaseNevada, eCalifornia, eUtah naseArizona, kukhula i-yucca emfishane, eye yaba uphawu lokuphila oluyingqayizivele kulezi zindawo ezomile. Izinkulungwane zabathandi bemvelo beza kuJoshua Tree National Park ukuzobonga:
- iziqu ezinamandla ezinamagatsha anamandla
- amacembe ahlala eluhlaza;
- ama-panicle inflorescence aminyene avela entwasahlobo ngezimbali ezinotshani obomvana noma omhlophe.
I-yucca enjengesihlahla ikhula ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngonyaka, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezivelele kunazo zonke zinokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-15 nobubanzi besiqu esingaba yingxenye yemitha.
I-Yucca Trekuleana (Y. treculeana)
I-yucca Trekul enkulu, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-10 ukuphakama, ingowokudabuka eTexas naseNew Mexico. Njengezinye izinhlobo, isitshalo singeza kancane kancane ekukhuleni. Futhi njengoba isikhulile, ithatha izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu nezimbali ezinhle ngokubabazekayo. Izimbali ezimise okomhlana ziqoqwe ngukukhanya kwe-inflorescence zingaba mhlophe, zipinki noma zibe nsomi kusuka ngaphandle kwama-corollas.
Ngenxa yamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obonisiwe angaba amamitha amade, lesi sitshalo sathola igama elingelona igama elithi "isigaxa saseSpain" noma "umkhonto kaDon Quixote".
I-Yucca filamentous (Y. filamentosa)
Izwe lakule nhlobo yiTexas, kanye nezindawo ezisuka eVirginia ziye eFlorida. Kodwa-ke, namuhla lesi sitshalo singabonakala kude nezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika. Isibonelo, e-Italy, eTurkey naseFrance. Ngenxa yokungahloniphi futhi nokumelana nokubanda, i-yucca ekhonjiswe esithombeni yenziwa yaba yimbumba. Wathatha izimpande kahle eningizimu yeYurophu, eMiddle East naseNyakatho.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlobo zayo ezifana nesihlahla, lesi sitshalo sincane impela. Isihlahla esihlala sikhona esinesihlahla esifushane, kwesinye isikhathi esingafakwayo futhi esinamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha angama-70-80. Lawa masayizi, ahlanganiswe nezimpande ezinamandla ezingena shí enhlabathini, asiza ama-yucca asinde ekuqothulweni okubandayo neziqeshana zesikhashana ezifinyelela ku-20 ° C.
Ibanga le-Yucca filament Escalibur
Isici esibonakalayo salokhu kuhlukahluka, okunikeze i-Yucca igama lakhe elithile, kuyimicu emhlophe emincane eceleni komngcele wamapuleti amaqabunga. Kwisitjalo esincane esijwayelekile ekuqaleni kwehlobo, i-yucca yakha isiqu esiyimbali esingaba amamitha amathathu ubude. Ithweswe umqhele nge-panicle inflorescence yezinsimbi ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi kancane.
Inkemba Yegolide Ye-Yucca Ibanga
Izinhlobo zidluliswa impova ngu-butterget Tegeticula yuccasella, otholakala eNyakatho Melika kuphela. Kwezinye izifunda, imbewu ephumelelayo ingatholwa ngokungcoliswa kwendalo.
Kodwa-ke, imvamisa, i-yucca ehlunga isakazwa kusetshenziswa izingane zempande. Lapho utshala emhlabathini ovulekile, udinga ukubheka ukuthi ngeke kube lula kangako ukunikeza isitshalo. Izingxenye zezimpande ezilele ngokujulile ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza ukukhula okuncane eminyakeni edlule.
I-Thread Guard Yucca Colour Guard
Ama-yucca we-mosagated aboniswe esithombeni angokuhlukahluka kwe-Colour Guard, amaqabunga awo ahlotshiswe ngemicu ebanzi ephuzi ehlobo. Ebusika, amathoni ansomi, apinki kanye nama-violet avela emibala.
I-Yellow Yucca Ehlukahlukene I-Bright Edge
Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga ahlukahlukene noma anemibala zithakazelisa ngokukhethekile kubatshali bezimbali nama-botanists. I-rosette ekhanyayo yamaqabunga yeBright Edge, eyawina umklomelo waseBrithani weGadi Merit, yenza i-yucca ifane nesiphuzi. Umbala ongajwayelekile ubonakala kakhulu kumaqabunga amancane, njengoba bekhula, imivimbo eluhlaza iba banzi.
I-Yucca filamentosa izinhlobo i-Ivory Tower
Enye i-yucca engajwayelekile yizinhlobonhlobo ze-Ivory tower. Igama ngokuthi sibonga imivimbo emhlophe ebanzi emaqabunga nezimbali ezinhle ezimnandi zikakhilimu. Umbala we-yucca wesithombe unikeza isithombe esibonakalayo sokunotha kwephalethi nezitshalo zokuhlobisa.
I-Yucca beak-shape (Y. rostrata)
Omunye wabamele ababekezelela lolu hlobo lwe-yucca rostrata noma i-coracoid. Isitshalo esineziqu ezinamandla afinyelela kumamitha ayi-4,5 ukuphakama futhi mncane, kuphela amaqabunga ayi-1 cm ububanzi Lokhu kungowokuzalwa eTexas kanye nezindawo eziningana zaseMexico. Lesi sitshalo senelwa amandla aso okubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphakeme futhi aphansi. Iphendula ngesizotha ukuntuleka komswakama nemisebe yelanga eyeqile futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubonwa komhlaba.
Izimbali zabantu abadala ziyaqhakaza, zakha umugqa omude wamamitha nge-inflorescence ecwebezelayo enamakhulu ezimbali ezimhlophe eziqeshayo.
I-South Yucca (Y. australis)
AbaseYurophu bathola lesi sitshalo maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu bendawo basebenzisa amaqabunga ukwenza ophahleni nofayibha oluqinile. Kuwo kubekwa obhasikidi, amasaka nezinye izinto.
Njengomdabu ohlala endaweni eyihlane yaseChihuahua eMexico, i-yucca nenosa ivumelana ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Amaqabunga aqine aze afike engxenyeni yemitha ubude cishe awakhiphi umswakama. Isiqu esinamandla sifihlwe ngemuva kwesiketi samaphepha owomile. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho kunomswakama enhlabathini, kuqhakaza ama-inflorescence ezimibalabala zezimbali ezimhlophe ezinomswakama eziqongweni zezisekelo zamaqabunga.
