I-Kofeya - amashubhu anemibala

Lesi sitshalo siheha ngezinhlobo zazo eziningi zangempela zezimbali, zibonakala zibhema ugwayi, okuyi-cafe ibizwa ngokuthi isitshalo sikagwayi noma ophethe ugwayi.

Isihlahla esidabukisayo se-kufei ngobuningi bamaqabunga siyisizinda esihle kwezinye izitshalo ekwakhiweni kwazo.

Lezi izitshalo zaseMexico ezinegama lesiGrikhi. Igama, nokho, liy prosaic impela. UKyphos uhumusha ngokuthi “ogogekile, ogobekile”. Izithelo ze-kufey zigobile impela kancane.
EMelika Ephakathi nasemaNingizimu Melika, kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-200 ze-kufey.

Kukhona okufakwayo phakathi kwabo, okufinyelela cishe kumitha ukuphakama, kukhona izihlahlana nezihlahla ezingaphansi. Lezi zamuva zithandwa eYurophu njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa.

Ziyaqhakaza, ziqala ngoMashi, lapho nje ilanga selikhanya, futhi kuze kube ngu-Okthoba - lapho ukukhanya kwalo sekuphela. Izihlahla ze-Kufuy zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kufanele zidulwe, zisulwe futhi zitshalwe njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuhlobisa kwezitshalo kuncishiswa kakhulu.

Kwelinye izwe, lesi sici sisetshenziswa ngempumelelo, sitshala amakhofi ehlobo e-vases emigwaqweni emikhulu nasezitsheni zikakhonkolo kanye namaflaya ahlukahlukene.

Izinhlobo ze-Cuphea zonyaka zitshalwa ekhaya ukukhiqiza imbewu - umthombo wamafutha acid, kufaka phakathi i-laurel, engenakugwenywa lapho kwenziwa ama-shampoos. Futhi ukuthi lezi zitshalo zihlobisa kanjani kangakanani, futhi emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, abafuyi bezitshalo bazithathe kakhulu.

Cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimbali, izimbali ezinamaphalishi ayisithupha angalingani - lezi ezimbili eziphambili zikhulu kakhulu kunezinye ezine. Futhi labo abathanda ukugqabhuka kwemibala nezimbali ezinkulu akunakwenzeka ukuthi babone noma yini ephawuleka kubo. Amakhekhe amnene - abathandi be-exoticism nokuzindla. Noma kubanikazi bamakati nezinja: ngombhede onekhofi amade angangeni esilwaneni esingathandeki - akunakwenzeka ukuthi athande amahlumela amaningi anamathela.

Ukuhlwanyela

Igama lendawo yokudlela (uKyphos - "egobile, igobekile") yenzelwe ukwakheka kwembewu.

Imbewu ka-Kufey - ama-disc agobile, aluhlaza-nsundu, afinyelela ku-3 mm ububanzi, ukukhanya (1 g cishe ama-pcs ayi-300.), Zalisa ngezinsuku ezingama-5-7. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, kuvela into eqinile, futhi uma esondelene, akha into efana nekhekhe, lapho kunzima khona ukukhipha imbewu eyodwa.

Imbewu inezithombe - ikhula ngokushesha ekukhanyeni, ngakho-ke akufanele itshalwe, vele icindezele emhlabathini kalula. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuhluma kwembewu ngu-20-22 ° C. Kukhanya okuphansi, izithombo zidonswa, njengoba zisho, phambi kwamehlo ethu. Zidinga ukudonswa ezitsheni ezijulile noma ezimbizeni ezijwayelekile nasezitsheni, kepha zithambekele kancane. Ngenxa yezizathu ezichazwe ngenhla, izithombo kufanele zabele indawo ngaphansi kwelanga, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodingeka uthele inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamaqabunga e-cotyledonous ukuze izitshalo zingawi lapho zinisela.

Izithombo zitshalwe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kujule kakhulu kunokuthi wayehlala ebhokisini. Akudingeki ukunakekelwa okukhethekile - nakekela kuphela ukuthi izitshalo azonakaliswa yi-frost sekwephuzile, futhi siphume ngesikhathi esifanele.

Inhlabathi evundile noma evundile ngokulinganiselayo, ukuthambisa ejwayelekile (okumbalwa, kepha miningi), ivundisa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi - yizo zonke lezi zitshalo ezidingekayo. Indawo ekhanyayo iyathandeka, kepha ukubopha kancane futhi kufanelekile. Amakona omswakama wensimu kuphela angafanele, lapho kungekho khona ukunyakaza komoya futhi i-powdery isikhutha sihlasela amaqabunga e-kufey.

Ukukhula

Ukushisa Gcina izinga lokushisa lasekamelweni endlini, ebusika okungenani kube ngama-5 degrees. C.

Isibani Kudingeka igumbi elikhanyayo elangeni. Emoyeni ovulekile, izitshalo kufanele zibekwe elangeni elivulekile, kepha endaweni evikelwe emimoyeni.

Ukunisela nokugqoka okuphezulu. Iniselwa kaningi futhi kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ekwindla banciphisa ukuchelela, ukuletha ubuncane ebusika. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, njalo emavikini ama-2, njengokugqoka okuphezulu, engeza umanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali ngenani lama-20 g ngebhakede ngalinye emanzini okunisela.

Ukushiya. Susa izimbali ezonakele nama-inflorescence, kanye nezingxenye ezonakele zesitshalo. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, kuze kube yilapho imifino iqala kabusha (ngasebusika), amagatsha ancishiswa ngu-1/3 ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha. Uma ungakhuli i-caffeine unyaka nonyaka kusuka imbewu, khona-ke ngoMeyi ngonyaka kudluliselwa. Inhlabathi kufanele ivundile futhi iculwe kahle nge-pH engaba ngu-6; lapho utshala yenza umanyolo we-organic. Lapho kukhula ebhodweni, kusetshenziswe i-substrate eyenziwe ngomhlabathi ongafakwanga inzalo (50%), i-peat elingathathi hlangothi (25%) nesihlabathi (25%), 40 g womanyolo wamaminerali ufakwa emgqonyeni wenhlabathi.

Ukuzala. Izingcezu ezingaguguleki kakhulu entwasahlobo ezingeni lokushisa lomhlabathi okungenani lama-20 ° C. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngo-Ephreli-Mashi ngeziqukathi ezinenhlabathi yembewu. Imbewu ayifafazwa ngenhla komhlabathi. Kokubili ukusakazwa kokusatshalaliswa kwezitshalo nokusakazwa kwembewu kudinga izinga lokushisa lomoya elingama-degrees angama-18-22. C. Izinhlobo ezisikiwe kanye nezithombo ezintsha ezitholakala ezinhlanyelweni zitshalwa emiphongolweni eminingi. Kamuva bazicinezela izikhathi ezingama-2-3.

Izifo nezinambuzane. Izikhala emaqabungeni kanye nokubola kwamahlumela nentambo yezimpande kucasulwa isikhunta ezahlukahlukene nokubola okungwevu. Phatha izitshalo ngama-fungicides namalungiselelo wokulwa nokubola. Nematode ishaya izimpande. Ukubukeka kwabo kungavinjelwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa inhlabathi engangcolisiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyadingeka ukususa isitshalo esinezifo. Ukushoda kwensimbi kuzibonakalisa ngokuphuzi kwamaqabunga. Sebenzisa inhlabathi efanele futhi uvundise ngama-iron chelates.

Izinhlobo

I-Kafeya pale - Сuphea pallida.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi kohlobo lweKoufey akukakakhiwa ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke kunamagama amaningi abonisa isitshalo esifanayo. Imvamisa lokhu kuholela ekudidekeni. C. pallida ungesinye sezibonelo ezinjalo. Ayikho incwadi ebhekisele kuyo nge-botanical enalo igama elinjalo, futhi isitshalo sikhona futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi kwezimbali. Amahlumela awo akhula ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi akha isihlahla esiminyene esihlangene lapho kukhula khona izimbali ezincane ezinombala obomvu wewayini. I-kofea ephuzi ibukeka ihlaba umxhwele ngokulinganayo ezitsheni nakumabhasikidi alengayo. Kusakazeka kalula ngamakhasi asikiwe, asikiwe nezimpande ekwindla, kusukela ngoSepthemba. Izinhlobo ezikhula kuzo ziqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni ngonyaka olandelayo. Ama-buds aqhubeka ukuvula ngisho noma ukuqalisa kuqala. Isithwathwa kuphela esithe xaxa esibhubhisa izitshalo.

I-Koufeia hyssopolistic - Сuphea hyssopifolia.

Lesi sitshalo esifushane, esivela eMexico naseGuatemala, sithanda ukufudumala, yize sibekezelela isimo sezulu esinezivunguvungu kanye nomoya.

Inokubonakala kwesihlahla esinamandla, imvamisa esingeqi ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Indawo yokudlela yezitolo ibonakala yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukutshala iziqukathi kumakhosine nakumakholoni. It is kalula okusakazwa ukusika stem, ngakho-ke ezikhungweni engadini ingatholakala ngamanani amakhulu kakade maphakathi noMeyi. Ukuzisika kwe-midzi kuqala ezinyangeni ezintathu ngaphambili. Esikhungweni sokudlela, izimbali zincanyana, kepha ziningi zazo, futhi isikhathi sezimbali sihlala ihlobo lonke. Kunezindlela ezinemibala emhlophe, epinki noma ye-lilac yama-corollas. Isitshalo kufanele sibekwe endaweni efudumele engadini noma kuvulandi. Ekwindla, izihlahla zilethwa egumbini eliqhakazile, elipholile (elinokushisa lingaphansi kuka-5 ° C), lapho lingashiswa khona ngokuphepha noma lilahlwe, kuthi ngonyaka olandelayo bazothola amakhophi amasha.

I-Kafeia lanceolate - Сuphea lanceolata.

Isitshalo sonyaka esithandekayo esikhula ngokushesha. Izimbali zingumbala onsomi onsomi omnyama ongafika ku-3 cm ubude, oqoqwe ezindlebeni ezingamakhompiyutha ezingathandeki. Qhakaza kusukela ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Izitshalo zingama-70 - 90 cm ukuphakama, zinombala onsomi, oswakeme kakhulu we-pubescent. Iziqu zibukeka njengeziswebhu. Amaqabunga angama-lanceolate, aluhlaza okotshani. Kusakazwa imbewu. Ku-1 g ye-200-250 imbewu. Ukuthola izitshalo eziyi-100, udinga u-1 g wembewu.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-'Prourea '.

Izitshalo zakha amahlumela amade (afinyelela ku-80 cm), ambozwe kakhulu ngamaqabunga, nezimbali ezinhle ngokubukeka okungajwayelekile, okuxakayo, ngoba amacembe amabili athwele amabala amnyama onsomi aqondiswa phezulu phezulu. Ngobuso babo, imithambo elula kakhulu ihlukaniseka kalula. Yonke imbali ipendiwe, njengomthetho, ngombala okusajingijolo. Izitshalo ezitshalwe endaweni efudumele zivikelwe emimoyeni ebandayo iqhakaza kakhulu. Kufanele zivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Akhula kahle ethunzini elingatheni lokukhanya.

Kuffey okomlilo obomvu - Сuphea ignea.

Lolu hlobo lwe-kufei selukade lwakhula njengesivuno sendlu esidumile. Kodwa-ke, ingasetshenziswa ukuklama izingadi zezimbali obala. Ikhula ngesimo sesihlahla esiphansi esicwebezelayo lapho kuvela khona izimbali ezinjengama-cigar. AmaCorollas anombala obomvu okhanyayo, lapho ibala elimhlophe no-pharynx onsomi kuhlukile khona. UKoufeya ubukeka emuhle hhayi engadini yezimbali kuphela, kodwa naseziqukweni ezinkulu ezibekwe egcekeni. Izitshalo azikwazi ukuhanjiswa ngaphandle ngaphambi kokuphela kukaMeyi, ngoba zi-thermophilic kakhulu. Baphinde badinga ukuthambisa okuningi, ikakhulukazi uma bevezwa ukukhanya kwelanga.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iklabishi elibomvu elivuthayo lisakazeka kalula ngokusika kweziqu, okugxilwe ngasekupheleni kwehlobo bese ligcinwa ngaphakathi endlini, kulula ukulikhulisa njengesilimo sonyaka. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa endlini ngoMashi-Ephreli. Ku-1 g ka-700 - 750 imbewu. Ukuthola izitshalo eziyi-100, udinga u-0.5 g. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kwezimbali, kudlula izinyanga ezintathu, ngakho-ke ngoMeyi izitshalo ezincane sezivele ziyaqhakaza. Kodwa-ke, akufanele kukhishwe ngaphandle kuze kube ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa ngoMeyi ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile. Kulokhu, indawo yokudlela izoqhakaza kusukela ngo-Agasti kuze kube sekufeni kweqhwa. Ukuhlukahluka kwesiko le-koofey 'Coan' evuthayo evuthayo (bheka isithombe) kunamabala abomvu wezitini abomvu no-ukhilimu omhlophe, kuyilapho i-'Dynamite 'ihlukaniswa ukwakheka kakhulu kwezimbali ngezwi eliphakeme elibomvu. Womabili la mafomu abukeka njengamabhishi acwebile ahlanzekile anokuphakama okungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 cm.

I-Cafe "evuthayo ye-bonfire" - I-Сuphea miniata 'i-Firefly'.

Le yi-interspecific hybrid ye-kufei liaveya (C. llavea) futhi evulekile (C. procumbens), ethola igama elizimele. Ukuhlukahluka okuthandwa kakhulu yi-'Flankethe ', ehlukaniswa umbala obomvu wezimbali. I-ampel yasekuqaleni yonyaka, yakha amakhasidi amahle wezimbali ehlobo. Ingatshalwa ngempumelelo efanayo emingceleni nasezitsheni. Le cafe ihlanganiswe kahle nezinye izitshalo ezinezimbali zamathoni abomvu amnyama. Amabhushi afinyelela ukuphakama okungama-30 cm futhi angasetshenziswa ezingomeni emibhedeni yezimbali ukudala amabala akhanyayo. Kuyathandwa kakhulu eYurophu, kepha kuze kube manje sinokutholakala.

I-Koufea ivulekile - i-Сuphea procumbens.

Lezi izitshalo ezincane zokuqala zonyaka ezinobude obungaba ngama-40 cm. Iziqu zihlotshiswe kakhulu futhi zisakazeka emhlabathini. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali ziyi-lilac, kwesinye isikhathi zibubende noma zimhlophe. Qhakaza kusukela maphakathi noJulayi. Kusakazwa imbewu. Ku-1 g kwezingama-300 - ezingama-350. Ukuthola izitshalo eziyi-100, udinga u-1 g wembewu.

Lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu singathandwa kuphela esivandeni se-botanical, ngoba imbewu yaso cishe ayinakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ukukhula akusekho nzima kunezinye izinhlobo zekhofi. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa endlini ngoMashi-Ephreli noma ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile ngoMeyi. Izitshalo zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokuqhakaza kokuqala kokuphela kukaJuni bese ziyaqhakaza kuze kube uSepthemba.