Isitshalo esaziwa ngathi ngaphansi kwamagama athi "i-chestnut yasekhaya" kanye "ne-Japanese chestnut", i-fatsiya ingesinye sezitshalo ezingathembeki futhi eziphikelelayo. Kuyamangalisa, ngamaqabunga amakhulu esundu, lobu buhle bunqoba ngobuningi bawo, ubukhazikhazi bomqhele, nobukhulu obuhehayo. Kodwa akufanele wesabe ubukhulu beFatsy: naphezu kwabo bonke ubuningi babo, banomphumela ovumelanayo ngisho nasemakamelweni amancane. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezithandekayo zabaklami bengaphakathi, kepha kuphela izimfanelo ezinhle zamathalente kaFatsy aziphelelwa amandla. Izitshalo ezikwaziyo ukubekezelela umthunzi, ukumelana futhi zinganqabiseki kufanelekile kubalimi abangenalwazi.
UFatsia Japan (Fatsia japonica).
Amacembe obukhazikhazi ama-chestnut ama-Japan
UFatsiya uthole zonke izidlaliso zakhe “ezidumile” ngendlela efanele. Amahlamvu alesi sitshalo neqiniso afana kakhulu namathumbu esijwayele, kuphela ikhophi encishisiwe, futhi anezinhlaka ezinhle kakhulu. UFatsia weza kithi evela eJapan elikude. Ingabekwa ngokuphephile phakathi kwezihlahlana ezinhle kakhulu ezinamakamelo amakhulu phakathi kwezilimo zasendlini. Ukukhula okusheshayo nomqhele wokunethezeka kuyizinzuzo zako eziphambili zokuhlobisa.
Lesi simeleli somndeni wase-Araliaceae sinezindawo ezinesizotha nezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane. Njengesiko lokuhlobisa, kuphela fatsiyu japanese (fatsia japonica) kanye nzalo yayo, amafomu nezinhlobonhlobo zayo.
Fatsia (Fatsia) ziyizihlahla ezihlotshisiwe neziqotayo esihlala ziqabile nesihlahla. UFatsia akha inhle kakhulu, ebukeka kahle, inemiqhele emikhulu. Lezi amasiko ezihlahla ezenzeka ngokwemvelo ngefomethi yamakamelo akhula njengezihlahlana ezinamagatsha aphansi anendawo ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2, okuthi, lapho igcinwa kahle, kuvame ukukhawulwa ku "fomethi" ubude bemitha. UFatsia unamahlumela amancanyana angahlali akwazi ukubhekana nobuningi bamaqabunga amakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi adinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe (ikakhulukazi i -backback enjalo izibonakalisa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene). Umthamo obonakalayo nobukhazikhazi bunxephezelwa kahle ngobuhle bamahlamvu amakhulu nemiphumela eyenziwe ngayo, okulinganisa usayizi futhi kungavumeli uFatsia ukuba nomthelela omubi kumbono wamakamelo. Amaqabunga kaFatsia ukuziqhenya kwakhe okukhulu. Bahlala kuma-petioles amade, ahlukaniswe ngesundu, amakhulu, afinyelela ku-30 cm ubukhulu. Ama-lobes ama-lesikhumba angama-5 noma ayi-9 aqoqwe ephepheni eliyindilinga noma elinomumo wenhliziyo. Umbala wamaqabunga akwaFatsia awukapheleli kokuluhlaza obumnandi nobungathathi hlangothi. Isitshalo sinezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene kanye nobume obunemingcele kanye namabala amabala. Kepha kubo bonke, ngaphandle kokunye, uFatsy ubonakala nge-sheen ecwebezelayo, ukuthungwa okuhle kwamahlamvu esikhumba.
UFatsia, yize enekhono lokuqhakaza esikweni elingaphakathi endlini, uyisitshalo samahlamvu sokuhlobisa. Abantu abaningi babiza ukuqhakaza kweFatsia kungadalulwa, kungonakalisa ukukhanga kwezihlahla kuphela (ama-inflorescence avame ukususwa ngokuzimela esiqeshini ukuze angaze aqhakaze). Kepha ngoba azithinti i-greenery, musa ukujaha ukwenza njalo. Izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza ezingafani nalutho noma ezimhlophe ziqoqwa kwizambulela ezincane ze-inflorescences, okuthi lapho ziphikisana nesizinda samaqabunga amakhulu acwebezelayo abonakale eyi-lacy ne-airy, kancane njenge-dandelions. Uma ubashiya esithelweni, ungahle futhi ujabulele amajikijolo amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, afana namajikijolo amnyama ama-rowan, lapho imbewu ingahlali ivuthiwe (futhi noma ngabe ivuthiwe, izophulukana nokuhluma kwayo ngokushesha). Akunasidingo sokulungiselela i-fatsia yokuqhakaza, futhi ngeke konakalise isitshalo futhi isinike ubuhle.
I-inflorescences yeFatsia.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zeFatsia
Amafomu amahle kakhulu wokuhlobisa nezinhlobonhlobo zeFatsiya zaseJapan:
- "I-Spider's Web" ihlukahlukene enamahlamvu esiliva-grey, abonakala ekude aqoshwe ku-velvet kanokusho;
- "I-Variegata" enokhilimu omhlophe cishe, omhlophe ongenamkhaba kumaqabunga apuleti;
- "IMoseri" enesihlahla esingajwayelekile, esidonsayo nesomdaka kanye nombala oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama;
- "I-Aureimarginatis" - ifomu elinomngcele ophuzi ongalingani;
- I-Argentinaeimarginatis, ihlotshiswe ngomngcele omhlophe omhlophe, ibonakala ikude nesiliva
Imvamisa ihlukaniswa njengezinhlobonhlobo zeFatsia futhi Ubuso beFatscheder (fatshedera lizei) - I-hybrid yeFatsia ene-ivy. Kepha namuhla lesi sitshalo sisaphenywa kuphela futhi kufanelekile ukusithatha njengezinhlobo ezihlukile.
UFatsia namuhla uyintandokazi yabaqambi. Ngokungafani nezakhiwo eziningi zasendlini, iyakwazi ukukhula kahle ezindaweni ezahlukene ngemuva kwamakamelo, asikho isidingo sokuyiveza kuphela kuma-windows sill nakuma windows. Lokhu ubuhle bemfashini kubalwa phakathi kwamasiko afanelekile kakhulu ukungenisa izinto zangaphakathi zesimanje. Kepha uFatsia ngeke alahleke kunoma yisiphi isitayela, ngokulinganayo ngokwakha umphumela "wokuminza ngokuluhlaza okotshani", futhi adlale indima yomuntu okhulunwayo noma okwahlukanisa isikhala, ezizwa enhle kunoma yikuphi ukuphakama futhi ehlangana nanoma iyiphi ifenisha. Ubuhle nokutshala kwesitshalo akuvimbeli ukuthi kungasali esinye seziqhwaga esikhulu esiphikelelayo sangaphakathi, okungenziwa noma yimuphi umhlwanyeli. Ama-chestnut amaJapane azivumelanisa kahle nezimo ezihlukile, akhula ngokushesha, cishe awanaso isikhathi sokuphinyiselwa, futhi ukudala ubusika obupholile akudingekile, noma ngabe kuyinto efiselekayo. Ubunzima bodwa ekukhuleni uFatsy - abayithandi isomiso futhi abaxoleli ukungabi bikho kokunisela isikhathi eside. Kepha ngokunakekela okujwayelekile ngesizotha, bayomangala ngokuzithoba kwabo.
UFatsia waseJapan 'Moseri'.
UFatsia waseJapan 'I-Spider's Web'.
UFatsia waseJapan 'Variegata'.
I-Fatsia yisitshalo esiphakathi kwezitshalo ezinoshevu kakhulu zasendlini. Kuyadingeka ukusebenza nezihlahlana, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ngokuvikela okugcwele kwesikhumba ekuxhumaneni nemifino nezimpande.
Ukunakekelwa kukaFatsia ekhaya
Ukukhanya kukaFatsy
Ikhono lalesi siko lokuzivumelanisa kalula nezindawo ezahlukahlukene ngaphandle kwehaba yiyona inzuzo esemqoka yeFatsia ngaphezulu kwezimbangi. Ama-Fatsii mahle ngokulingana ezindaweni ezinezimo zokukhanya ezihlukile, kuyilapho kungagcini umbala okhangayo wamaqabunga, kepha futhi ijubane elisheshayo lilula. Kuyiqiniso, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kweFatsia kulahleka kancane ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezinhlobonhlobo: lapho amaqabunga ethe xaxa ecwebezelwa ngokwengeziwe amaqabunga bese kukhanya amabala kuwo, okuyi-Fatsii enezithombe eziningi. KwaFatsia, zonke izindawo kusuka ekukhanyiseni okukhanyayo okungaxhunyiwe kunoma yimuphi umthunzi oyingxenye zithathwa njengentofontofo. Isitshalo asesabi imisebe yelanga eqondile, asishiyi ukushiswa, kepha ehlobo kungcono ukuvikela uFatsia emisebeni yasemini (kule ndawo uFatsia uhlushwa ukushisa futhi uvame ukucindezelwa). Lapho sezikhulile emthunzini weFatsia, zizomangala ngokuhlobisa okufanayo, amasayizi amakhulu amaqabunga, kodwa ukukhula kuyoncipha uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana. Imvamisa, izitshalo ezinkulu, ezindala ezifinyelele usayizi omkhulu zifakwa emthunzini futhi ufuna ukuzibamba, ukuze ugcine ukukhanga okuzinzile. Lapho ukhetha indawo yeFatsia, gxila emiphumeleni yokuhlobisa kuphela kanye neqhaza olifisayo elingaphakathi: iyiphi indawo ongayikukhethi, ezovumelana nezimo futhi ngeke ihlupheke.
KuFatsia, kuyathandeka ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanyayo okuzinzile unyaka wonke. Isitshalo, esijwayelanisa nezinga elithile lokukhanya, sizokhula kangcono uma unxephezela izici zonyaka ngenkathi ebandayo futhi uvuselele iFatsia ezindaweni ezikhanyiselwe kakhudlwana. Qiniseka ukuthi unxephezela ukuncishiswa kokukhanya kwalabo abakwaFatsii abangahlali ebusika epholile, kodwa ezimweni ezijwayelekile zekamelo: kubo, akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi bakhulise ukukhanya, kepha kodwa baqinisekise indawo esewindows eningizimu noma ukukhanya okufanele. UFatsii ukubekezelela kahle ukukhanya kokufakelwa.
UFatsia Japan (Fatsia japonica).
Izinga lokushisa elinethezekile
UFatsii uzizwa emuhle kakhulu ezimweni ezifanayo nabanikazi bawo - ebangeni lokushisa lekamelo elijwayelekile. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukushisa okuzinzile kusuka ku-18 kuya ku-23 degrees. Leli banga lokushisa likhululekile kakhulu ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekwephuzile. Uma uFatsia esesimweni esishisayo, khona-ke ngeke ahlupheke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma imvamisa yokunisela ilungiswa kancane ngokufanele.
Futhi esigabeni sokulibala okuhlobene, phakathi nobusika, lezi zitshalo zigcinwa kahle kakhulu, emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15 degrees. Ezinhlotsheni ezinhlobonhlobo, izinga lokushisa alincishiswanga kangako, kuya kuma-16-18 degrees kuphela (ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-16 ngokukaCelsius weFatsii ehlanganisiwe, izinga lokushisa akufanele lehle). Kodwa ubusika obupholile beFatsia abubalulekile. Izitshalo zivumelana kahle namazinga okushisa aphakeme, inqobo nje uma ebusika zinikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo ngangokunokwenzeka, zihamba ekukhanyiseni okufakwayo noma kufasitela eliseningizimu.
AbakwaFatsii bawuthanda kakhulu umoya omusha. Azizweli kakhulu kokusalungiswa, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngemuva kokuthi kusungulwe isimo sezulu esifudumele, akukho ngaphambi kukaJuni Fatsia ongakhipha umoya omusha - kuya kuvulandi, ithala eliya engadini. Kuliqiniso, emoyeni ovulekile, izitshalo zidinga ukuvikeleka elangeni eliqondile (kepha okusalungiswa kwaFatsia abesabi).
UFatsia Japan (Fatsia japonica).
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela ngaphandle kwehaba kuyingxenye enzima kunazo zonke yokunakekelwa kweFatsii. Into ekhona ukuthi eFatsia amaqabunga awalulami ngemuva kokufenda. Uma sivumela ukomiswa okuphelele kokhilimu wobumba, amaqabunga azokwehla, angabikhona futhi ukuthambisa okungeziwe kuzosiza, noma ngabe ukomiswa kuthathe isikhathi esifushane. Kuliqiniso, amaqabunga ngeke awele nalutho: ngaphansi kwawo kuzodingeka ukufaka ama-props ukuze senze isitshalo sibukeke. UFatsii usabela ngendlela ehlukile ekugcwabeni kwamanzi, ukumanzisa - amaqabunga aqala ukuba athambile, kancane kancane aphenduke aphuzi bese awe. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvikele izinkinga ngalesi sitshalo, kufanelekile ukuzama ukunikeza iFatsii ukunakekelwa okunjalo okuhlelekile okuzogcina umswakama womhlabathi uzinzile. Kulula kakhulu ukulawula imvamisa yokunisela: phakathi kwezinqubo, ake some kuphela amasentimitha aphezulu enhlabathi.
Ukunisela ubusika kulula kakhulu. Ukusuka maphakathi ekwindla, izinqubo kufanele zincishiswe kancane kancane, ngoba ubusika buse-Fatsy epholile, buwenze ube manqabile futhi ugcina inhlabathi imanzi kancane, nezitshalo ezihlala zifudumele, zishiya imvamisa yokunisela okufanayo, kepha zinciphise inani lamanzi bese kwehla umswakama wenhlabathi cishe ngengxenye (kufanele yome kancane ungqimba ophakathi kwenhlabathi).
Ama-Fatsii awadingi kangako umswakama womoya, kepha njengazo zonke izilimo zokuhlobisa ezinamaqabunga amakhulu anele futhi aqinile, awasabeli kahle ezimeni ezomile. Lapho kungekho khona izindlela zokunxeshezelwa kwamazinga okushisa ashubisa kakhulu, ukusebenza kwezinqubo zokushisa eziphakathi nendawo, amaqabunga alahlekelwa ukukhanga, amathiphu awo omile, isitshalo siphulukana nokubukeka okusha. Kuhle ukuqukatha ama-fatsii ngamanani aphakathi nendawo noma amanzi ukusuka ku-50%. Akudingekile ukufaka amathreyi ngesipikili noma izinto ezikhethekile zeFatsia. Le mihlobiso igcwele okuqukethwe ukufafaza okulula ngamanzi afudumele egumbini lokushisa lamakamelo, okwenziwa nsuku zonke noma ngemvamisa yazo zonke izinsuku ezi-2 ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Uhlobo lokufafaza ebusika luxhomeke ekushiseni komoya: lapho kupholile, kumiswa, ngenkathi ebusika ezimweni zekamelo kuncishiswa kuphela. Ngaphezu kokufafaza, uFatsia uzodinga nokususwa okuyisibopho kothuli kusuka emaqabungeni, okumele kwenziwe ngesiponji esithambile isonto ngalinye noma kaningi futhi kufakwe amabala ngesikhathi sasehlobo ukuze kulondolozwe uhlaza oluhlanzekile.
UFatsia Japan (Fatsia japonica).
Ama-Fatsia Fertilizer
Ama-chestnut aseJapan adinga indlela yomanyolo ejwayelekile. UFatsy udinga umsoco kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, lapho isitshalo sikhula ngokushesha nangokuzikhandla. Imvamisa efanelekile yezinqubo zeFatsii ibhekwa njengengubo e-1 ephezulu ezinsukwini eziyi-10 njengethamo elijwayelekile ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu akufanele kwenziwe ngisho noma kugcinwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni.
IFatsia ilungele kangcono umanyolo wezitshalo zokuhlobisa amaqabunga anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen.
Transplant, iziqukathi kanye substrate
KuFatsia, kuyadingeka ukhethe inhlabathi elula kakhulu, elula. Izakhi ezisetshenziswayo ezinomsoco ngokuthola okuhle kwamanzi zingashintshwa ngisho ne-hydroponics. Kwezingxube zeFatsia, izingcezu zomhlaba wonke ezilungele ukwenziwa noma umhlabathi osuselwa kwinhlanganisela ye-humus, peat nesihlabathi ngethamo eliphindwe kabili le-turf umhlabathi kufaneleka kangcono.
Izitshalo ezidlulisiwe, zigxile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni. UFatsii osemncane, lapho kungagcini nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-rhizomes akhula ngenkuthalo, atshalwa njalo ngonyaka. Kepha izihlahla ezindala zingabekwa kabusha imvamisa yeminyaka engama-2-3, kepha njalo ngonyaka zibuyisela indawo engaphezulu ngentsha. Ukuqala kwentwasahlobo kulungele inqubo.
Ukufakelwa kukaFatsy akuyona into enkulu. Isigaxa sobumba esizungeze izimpande asibhujiswa, sigcina ngokuphelele phansi. Izitshalo zilayisha kabusha kuphela ezitsheni ezintsha, zengeza i-substrate entsha futhi zisusa umphezulu wangaphezulu ongcolile. Umzuzu oyisihluthulelo wokufakelwa ukubeka isisekelo esifanele sokuhambisa amanzi: kwaFatsia kungcono ukusebenzisa izinto ezihlanganisiwe futhi uthathe okungenani u-1/3 wokuphakama kwembiza ungqimba lwamanzi.
Amandla we-Fatsii amancane akhula ngosayizi ama-2-3, kubantu abadala bayashintsha kancane. Kulesi siko, kusetshenziswa izimbali zezimbali ezijulile, kepha hhayi ezibanzi kakhulu, ezikuvumela ukuba ubeke amanzi amakhulu, ngenkathi unganciphisi isikhala sokukhula.
UFatsia Japan (Fatsia japonica).
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ama-Fatsii ayizitshalo ezizinzile ezihlala ngaphakathi ukuthi, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ngeke zidale inkathazo. Kepha uma wephula umbuso womswakama noma uvumela ukunganakwa ngokweqile, bangahlushwa ukubola okungwevu nokusakazeka okusebenzayo kwezinambuzane - izinambuzane ezikhulukazi, ama-aphid, izimbuzane zesigcawu, ama-thrips kanye nezimhlophe. KuFatsia, kungcono ukuzama ukubhekana nenkinga yezindlela zezinto eziphilayo - ukugeza isitshalo ngensipho namanzi, ukususwa kwemishini ngezinambuzane, futhi kuphela ngemuva kokwehluleka ukuqala ukufafaza ngama-insecticides. Ngokwanda kokubola, ukulungiswa kokunakekelwa kuvame ukusiza, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo.
Izinkinga ezivamile ekukhuleni kwe-fatsii:
- amathiphu amaqabunga owomile komswakama ophansi we-substrate;
- ukupenda nokuthambisa amahlamvu lapho kumanzi;
- iqabunga eliwa ngesikhathi sokugcotshwa kwamanzi noma kumakhaza;
- amaqabunga acwebezelayo, aqhelelekile emoyeni owomile.
Ukusakazeka kukaFatsia
Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezilula ezinamaqabunga amakhulu ukuzala. KwaFatsia, zombili izindlela zokusakhula nezindlela zembewu zifanelekile.
Ukuthola i-fatsia ezinhlanyelweni akulula. Ukuhluma okuhle kutholakala kuphela imbewu entsha kakhulu, futhi akukho lula ukuthi uqoqe ngokwakho. Imbewu kaFatsia ihlwanyelwa engxenyeni esemanyolo yezakhi, esemboza ngenhla eyi-1 cm yenhlabathi efitshwayo. Khulisa imbewu ngemfudumalo nokukhanya okukhanyayo ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi. Lapho nje kuqhamuka amaqabunga okuqala ezitshalweni ezincane, zidonswa ezimbizeni ezincane zomuntu bese ziqala ukukhula ngokwemigomo efanayo nezitshalo ezindala.
I-Fatsii izithombo zaseJapan.
Ezindlela zokusebenzisa imifino, kulula ukusebenzisa ukusikeka okuyi-apical. Basikwa kuphela entwasahlobo, ngaphambi noma emva kokufakelwa, ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo, bekhetha amahlumela ngamahlamvu okuvuvukala noma okuvuvukala. Ukususa izimpande, zizodinga ukwelashwa nge-accelerators yokukhula, eshisayo, kusuka kumazinga okushisa angama-25 nezimo zokugcina ukushisa - ukumboza nge-cap noma ifilimu. Gxilisa ukusika kube ukujula kwama-2 cm kwinhlanganisela yesihlabathi ne-peat.Izithombo ezihlwanyelwe ezimbizeni ezincane ngazinye zingcono ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhula kwezimpawu. Kungokusika lapho ama-Fatsii anamaqabunga kakhulu futhi ephansi etholakala khona.
Isisekelo somoya yindlela enhle yokusekelayo. Kepha ungawathola kuphela uma amaqabunga e-Fatsy ewile ngesizathu esithile, noma engasenalutho, amahlumela anwetshwa. Phakathi kwama-node, isiqu sisikwa sibheke phezulu, sisonga isilayidi nge-moss emanzi noma i-substrate (kungcono ukuyinisela ngesixazululo se-accelerator yokukhula) futhi siyilayisheke phezu kwesiqu nge-foil noma ngezinye izinto. Ukubamba imbala kuzothatha izinyanga ezimbalwa, kepha ama-Fatsii atholwe ngale ndlela azoqala ukukhula ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala.
