Ukufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kungekudala kuyadingeka kuzo zonke izitshalo ezingaphakathi. Kepha esimweni sabakhulu, abenzi bamakamelo amakhulu, awenziwa kuze kube yilapho kungenzeka, ngoba umsebenzi akulula. Futhi kuyaqabukela, yiziphi izitshalo zabantu abadala ezidinga ukufakelwa konyaka, ngokungabi nesikhathi sokufunda kahle yonke inhlabathi ezimbizeni. Eminyakeni lapho ukufakelwa kungenziwa, cishe kunconywa njalo ukwenza inqubo yokuphoqelela - ukubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye. Ingaphezulu lenziwa indawo yomzimba kuhlanzwe inhlanzeko futhi kulondolozwe isigatshana esivamile.
Ukubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye kwezitshalo zasendlini.
Ukubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye yinqubo elula engadingi noma yimaphi amakhono noma ulwazi olukhethekile ukufaka esikhundleni ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesigcawu esisemabhodweni wezitshalo zangaphakathi.
Ukubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye kuyadingeka ezimweni eziningi:
- lapho isitshalo sithathelwa indawo hhayi ngonyaka, kepha imvamisa yesikhathi esingu-1 eminyakeni eyi-2-3 noma ngaphansi, esikhundleni sokufakelwa, inhlabathi engaphezulu engcolisiwe ithathelwa indawo ngesikhathi esifanele;
- izitshalo ezinobukhulu obukhulu ezikhulelwe kukhonkolo noma emibhedeni yezimbali zamatshe, kanye neziqukathi ezisindayo kakhulu ukuthutha noma ukuhambisa, ukubuyisela okunye ukufakelwa ngokwako ngale nqubo;
- uma inhlabathi ivundiswa, ingcolisiwe, ibunjiwe, ihlanganiswe kaningi futhi ungqimba olungaphezulu kufanele luthathelwe indawo ukuqinisekisa umoya ojwayelekile kanye namanzi;
- uma isitshalo singenwe yizinambuzane noma izifo, izilonda zibucayi, zilahleka, ngemuva kokulashwa nge-fungicides noma ngama-insecticides, ukuthatha indawo ephezulu yangaphansi kwesigamu kunciphisa ubungozi benkinga yokuphinda kuvunyelwe, kukuvumela ukuthi ususe okungcolisayo nemithombo yezifo kusuka kwisigaba esingaphansi;
- uma izimpande zesitshalo zinwebeka ngaphezulu kwembiza, kepha isitshalo asikazigcwalisi isigcabha futhi asikho isidingo (noma akukho ithuba lokuwusifaka), zisusa umhlabathi ongcolile bese zengeza ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba olusimboze izimpande.
Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwesendlalelo engezansi yesendlalelo kunconywa ngokwesiko ukwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye kanye nokufakelwa kwesitshalo, kepha ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ebusika sekwedlule akuzona ukuphela kwezinsuku zenqubo enjalo. Eqinisweni, ukubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho kudingeka. Uma ukufakelwa kuthathe indawo esikhundleni salokho, kuyiqiniso - kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuya kuMeyi. Kodwa uma ukufaka esikhundleni kudingekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokushesha isimo se-substrate, kuhlotshaniswa nezinhlanzeko, izinhloso zokuvimbela, ngakho-ke kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kobusika, futhi ngokuncono esigabeni sokukhula kwezitshalo okusebenzayo.
Indlela ekahle yokubuyisa inhlabathi esikhundleni sokubuyisa enye yabangela omunye umbono ongaqondile, ngokusho ukuthi ukufakwa okuyingxenye kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka, njengokufakelwa uqobo, ezitshalweni ezincane noma ezikhula ngentshiseko. Kwizitshalo eziningi ezisezingeni eliphakathi, lokhu yikhona okungcono kakhulu. Kepha uma sikhuluma ngemidondoshiya yasendlini enzima noma engenakukwazi ukuyithutha nhlobo, lapho-ke inhlabathi kumele itshintshwe okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwakho konke, inhlabathi yalezi zitshalo ayishintshiwe ngokuphelele, futhi ukuze inqubo ibe nomphumela omncane, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuguqulwe inhlabathi engaphezulu ebhodweni kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Kulokhu, ukushintshwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Lapho ubuyisela ungqimba oluphezulu ngezinhloso zokuhlanzeka noma zokuvimbela, lwenziwa kaningi njengoba kudingeka, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-3.
Inhlabathi ebhodweni enezitshalo zayo idinga ukushintshwa.
Ungasuswa umhlabathi ongakanani futhi uthathelwe indawo, uhlala unqunywa ngokuhlukile. Inani eliphakeme le-substrate ekhishiwe elingasuswa ezimbizeni liyikota yenhlabathi ephelele. Kepha kuhlale kungcono ukugxila esitshalweni esithile. Umthetho wegolide wokubuyisela indawo yangaphezulu ezimbizeni zezitshalo ezingaphakathi ukuthi inhlabathi engcolisiwe kuphela engasuswa ngaphambi kokuba izimpande zesitshalo ziqale ukuwa. Njengoba ukuxhumana ne-rhizome kufanele kugwenywe (ngisho nokuncane kakhulu), kwesinye isikhathi sikhuluma ngongqimba lomhlabathi omncane kakhulu.
Inqubo ingenziwa kuphela kwisendlalelo esomile. Ezitshalweni ezikhetha umswakama ozinzile, vumela inhlabathi ephezulu ye-3-4 cm. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ukususa i-substrate emanzi akufiseleki futhi ngemuva kokunisela izinsuku eziningana kufanele kudlule.
Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi enqubekweni yokubuyisela ungqimba oluphambili lohlaka olungaphansi. Kepha kufanele uqaphele kakhulu futhi unake, uthathe isinyathelo ngokucophelela ukuze ususe ubungozi bokudambisa izimpande.
Inqubo yokuguqula ungqimba ophezulu wenhlabathi ebunjiwe inezinyathelo eziningana:
- Isitsha esinesi sitshalo sidluliselwa endaweni eyisicaba ebushelelezi, embozwe ngefilimu efakwayo ngaphezulu, noma ishubhu, isitsha, intombazane yezimbali izungezwe ifilimu nephepha ukuze kugwenywe ukungcoliswa komhlaba wangaphansi.
- Amacembe omile asuswa emasikweni, umqhele uyahlolwa, uma kunesidingo, ukuhlanzeka kwendle kwenziwa, ukusika amahlumela owomile nokonakalisiwe.
- Amacembe ahlanzwa ngothuli nokungcola ngesiponji esithambile noma ngethawula lendwangu (uma kungenzeka).
- Uma inhlabathi ihlanganisiwe, kuqweqwe umqubuko phezu kwayo, ukutholakala kwamanzi kuyaphulwa, ngemfoloko noma yiliphi ithuluzi elifanelekile lokusebenza ngezitshalo zasendlini, inhlabathi idedelwa kancane ngaphandle kokuthinta izimpande.
- Okokuqala, inhlabathi ifakwa ngokucophelela emaphethelweni ebhodwe noma esitsheni, isuse ngokucophelela amasentimitha ambalwa omhlabathi ezungeze indawo ezungezile noma ozungezile wesitsha.
- Njengoba sebesuse umugqa ongemuva onqenqemeni, bathuthela ngobumnene emahlumela esitshalo, bajule embizeni. Okokuqala, zonke izingosi ezibonakalayo ezingcolisiwe ziyasuswa, bese yonke inhlabathi etholakalayo engasuswa ngaphandle kokuthinta izimpande iyasuswa.
- Ngemuva kokususa yonke inhlabathi, i-substrate entsha efanelekile isitshalo esinikeziwe ithululelwa ngaphezulu. Izinga lomhlabathi emabhodweni nasezitsheni lishiywa lingashintshiwe, ngaphandle uma kwenzeka lapho izimpande zesitshalo zidalulwe ngaphezulu: ngale nqubo, izimpande zimbozwe nge-substrate ukuze okungenani amamitha ayi-5 wezingqimba zenhlabathi ngaphezulu (ngokufanele - 1-1.5 cm).
- Ngokuhlanza ngokucophelela isitsha, ususe ukungcola, izitshalo zihlelwa kabusha kumaphallet futhi ziniselwe. Uma inhlabathi ihamba kakhulu, ibuyiselwa kancane.
Faka inhlabathi entsha ebhodweni ngemuva kokufaka okuyingxenye.
Izimila eziye zashintsha inhlabathi engaphezulu, zaqala kabusha ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile ngokushesha. Ngokungafani nokufakelwa, asikho isidingo sokuzivumelanisa noma ukunciphisa ukuthambisa, asikho isidingo sokunciphisa umkhawulo (empeleni, uma lezo zinyathelo zingadalwa impilo yesilwane esiluhlaza). Ezitshalweni ezinxephezelwa kangako ngokuntuleka kokufakelwa, ukumisa ukugqoka phezulu kungaholela ekuntuleni kwezakhi zomzimba. Ukuphoqelelwa, ukugqoka okuphezulu njalo kungabuyisela ukungavuthwa okuphelele kokunye okuselesi sakhiwo. Uma ukufakelwa kungenzekanga isikhathi eside kakhulu, kungakuhle ukwandisa ukugcwaliswa kukamanyolo noma ukufaka umanyolo osebenza isikhathi eside kungqimba olusanda kwenziwa.
