Ngakho-ke, ungumnikazi wepuli lokuhlobisa ingadi. Njengoba sisebenzise umzamo omningi kudivayisi ye-mini-reservoir, futhi sengiyiklanyile ngesimo sendawo noma isitayela sokuqamba, sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukubuka umhlaba. Yiziphi izitshalo ezingatshalwa echibini, futhi yiziphi izitshalo ezingatshalwa eduze kwechibi, endaweni yalo yogu? Kunokhetho oluningi lapha, uzofunda ngabamele abaziwayo bezimbali zasemanzini ngesithambisi sokufakelwa.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingatshalwa echibini lasekhaya
Zonke izitshalo zasemanzini echibini lokwenziwa zenza umsebenzi obalulekile: basebenza njengohlobo lokuhlunga lokuhlanza amanzi kanye nokugcina ibhalansi yemvelo. Kungcono ukuthi okungenani ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yaleli thimba lokugcina elenziwe ngemvelo ligcinelwe izitshalo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zasemanzini echibini, ngasinye sazo esidinga ukutshala ekujuleni okuthile.
Kukhona izitshalo ezinamanzi ajulile echibini elingadini, izimbali zalo ziphezu kobuso bamanzi (ngokwesibonelo, i-lily yamanzi).
Kukhona izitshalo ze-oxygenator ezikhula kukholamu yamanzi futhi zilethe inzuzo enkulu kulondolozi, kepha empeleni azibonakali ngaphandle.
Kukhona izitshalo ezintantayo echibini, kanye nezo eziselunxwemeni ezikhuphuka ngaphezu kobuso bamanzi, futhi izimpande zazo zisemhlabathini ngaphansi kwamanzi. Izitshalo zeMarsh zivame ukutshalwa eduze kwechibi esimanzi nasenhlabathini enomswakama. Ziletha inzuzo encane endaweni yokugcina amanzi, kepha zinika isithunzi futhi zenze umsebenzi wokuhlobisa. Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokuthi yiziphi izitshalo zamachibi okufanele uzitshale ebusweni bamanzi nasogwini, udinga ukuzikhetha ngokuya ngesitayela sokudalwa komhlaba, ngokususelwa ekunambithekeni kwakho.
Ukutshala izitshalo zasemanzini echibini lezwe elenzelwe
Izitshalo zedamu echibini e-dacha zitshalwe echibini elivele likhona ngaleso sikhathi lapho isakhiwo sesilungele ngokuphelele, sigcwaliswa ngamanzi futhi sihlala izinsuku eziyishumi. Ukutshala izilimo zamanzi kungcono ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezitshalo, zitshalwa ngasogwini noma ezansi kwedamu. Ungatyala izitshalo ngqo enhlabathini ebekwe phansi, kodwa kungcono ukuyibeka emabhodleleni epulasitiki noma obumba, bese iwubeka phansi.
Izimbiza ezinezitshalo zamanzi echibini kufanele zibe nezimbobo ezindongeni nasezansi, lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umoya wenhlabathi ungene, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande zizokubola. 3futhi izitshalo ezimbizeni nasemabhasikini kuzoba lula ukuzinakekela: ukuhambisa ubusika uye egumbini elinofudumele, ukuzala kabusha, njll.
Inhlabathi obhasikidi ingenziwa ngomhlaba ojwayelekile kusuka engadini (kungcono ukusebenzisa inhlabathi yobumba) kanye nenani elincane lokudla kwamathambo. Akunakwenzeka ukucebisa inhlabathi ngomquba, umanyolo, inhlabathi emnyama noma i-peat, lokhu kungadala ubuthi kubantu abahlala endaweni yokugcina amanzi.
Qiniseka ukuthi ungqimba lomhlabathi obhasikidi aluhlanzwa ngamanzi, nokuthi izinhlanzi azikhuphi ukungcola kusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngemuva kokutshala izitshalo echibini, ungabeka ngaphezulu kubhavu elihlanzekile noma enye indwangu enamaqabunga, ubeke amatshe amancane kuyo (2 cm cm).
Kungakhathaleki ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo okunqunywe ukuzitshala echibini, kudingeka zisuse izimpande ezinde namaqabunga amadala ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngemuva kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu sesitshalo ukuze ibanga phakathi kwenhlabathi nomphetho webhasikidi okungenani kube ngu-40 mm. Ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo zasemanzini, kufanele uthole ukuthi kufanele atshalwe kubungakanani.
Kukhona futhi izinhlobo zezitshalo zephuli lokuhlobisa ezingadingi ukutshala nhlobo - zintanta ngokukhululeka ebusweni bethala, ngokuzimela zihlala phezu kwamanzi. Lezi zitshalo zifaka iminduze yamanzi ne-lotus. Kepha lezi zilimo zidinga ukubhekelwa kakhulu, ngoba ezimweni ezinhle zanda ngokushesha futhi, uma kungenjalo zinciphile, zingangena echibini lonke ngesikhathi esifushane.
Inkinga enkulu yanoma yimuphi umzimba obiyelwe ngamanzi amile uyabhanqwa, ophindaphindeka ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha uthwebula yonke indawo. Akunasidingo ukuthi udinga ukusitshala ngenhloso. Ngokuvamile, lapho utshala izitshalo, udinga ukunamathela esilinganisweni - zonke izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, amathikithi aminyene echibini elincane azobukeka angasebenzi.
Kunoma ikuphi, ichibi elinezitshalo kufanele lihlulwe njalo, lisuswe izinqubo ezedlulele nezindala. Ngokuqondene nokulungiselela izitshalo ubusika, lawo masiko asemanzini lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele esiyindawo yemvelo kufanele ashiywe echibini.
Izitshalo ezihlukile zephuli lasekhaya ezivela emazweni afudumele kufanele zisuswe echibini ngokuzifaka ebusika e-aquarium yasekhaya noma yokugeza endlini. Okokuqala udinga ukwenza izihlahla zezitshalo ezikhule kakhulu. Izilimo zasendlini zidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngokukhanya okwanele ukuze zingabuni.
Uma kungenzeki ukuthenga izitshalo echibini yezwe esitolo, ungamane uye echibini elingumhlaba eliseduze, utadishe ngokucophelela ukuthi kukhula ini nokuthi yikuphi ukujula, bese ukhetha izinketho zedamu lakho.
Njengoba amanzi echibini egxilile, njengasezindongeni eziningi zokwenziwa, izitshalo ezikuzo zizolunga, ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke, ngaphandle kokungafani, zivumelaniswa nesimo sezulu sendawo.
Kulokhu, kuzokwenzeka ukuthi udlulisele isitshalo esidala esikhumulweni sasehlobo ngokushesha. Kepha udinga ukuthi uqaphele futhi ungayi "ukukhiqizwa" wedwa, ngoba phela, izitshalo eziningi zikhula ezindaweni ezinam marshy, kepha lapha kuzoba nzima kumuntu oyedwa ukubhekana nalo msebenzi, futhi akuphephile. Kufanele uqale ugcwalise izigxobo ezimbili ezinde ukuze ukwazi ukuthola inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakho, amabhuzu enjoloba amahle anensimbi ephakeme nomsizi onokwethenjelwa ozodinga ukuhlala ogwini, kodwa lapho kufinyelela isigxobo.
Izitshalo zasemanzini ezaziwa kakhulu echibini
Okulandelayo izitshalo zasemanzini echibini elinezithombe namagama azohlobisa ichibi lakho lokuhlobisa.
Isitshalo samanzi esithandwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwechibi lokufakelwa lily lamanzi, noma i-lily yamanzi. Kungokwesigaba sezitshalo ezijulile olwandle futhi kunobunzima obukhula ngokulingene. Kunezinhlobo ezine zeminduze yamanzi: imbala (ukujula kokutshala - 0,0-0.25 m, ububanzi bendawo embozwe ngamaqabunga - 0.3-0.6 m, indawo yokumboza - 1-2.5 m2, ubukhulu bezimbali - cm 5-10) ), angajulile (ukujala kokutshala - 0,0-0.25 m, ububanzi bendawo embozwe ngamaqabunga - 0.3-0.6 m, indawo yokubeka indawo - 1-2.5 m2, ububanzi bezimbali - cm 5-10), isilinganiso (ukujala kokutshala - 0,0-0.25 m, ububanzi bomphezulu obambozwe ngamaqabunga - 0.3-0.6 m, indawo yokugoqa - 1-2.5 m2, ubukhulu bezimbali - cm 5-10) nobukhulu (ukujula kokutshala - 0.1-0.25 m, ububanzi bomphezulu obumbozwe ngamaqabunga - 0.3-0.6 m, indawo yokumbozwa - 1-2.5 m2, umbala wobubanzi ka - 5-10 cm). Iminduze emikhulu emikhulu nenhle yamanzi ishibhile kakhulu kunokuncipha futhi kungabekezeleleki lapho uqala ukubona izihlobo. Kepha owokuqala akhula endaweni eshisayo futhi angavumelani nezethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminduze yamanzi emikhulu idinga ichibi elikhulu. Kepha iminduze yamanzi emincane nezindawo zithatha kancane, futhi zizizwa zimnandi esimweni sezulu sendawo.
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, lezi zitshalo zasemanzini echibini ziza nezimbali ezimhlophe, ezipinki, ezibomvu neziphuzi:
Amacembe aqala ukukhula ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba iqhwa lincibilike, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi echibini likhuphuka ngamadigri amaningana ngenhla kwesilinganiso se-thermometer, futhi izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kuze kube sekwindla. Inani eliphakeme lokuqhakaza kwazo kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifudumele kakhulu sesikhathi sengadi. Lapho ukhetha uhlobo lweminduze yamanzi, kufanele kubhekwe izici zazo: izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe (izinhlobo ezihlala ngaphandle azihambelani nesimo sethu sezulu), ukujula kwesilondolozi (ezinye izinhlobo zidinga ukujula kwamamitha ayi-1), kanye nendawo engaphezulu yembozwe ngezimbali.
Uma ichibi lincane, khona-ke ukuqhakaza okuningi kakhulu kuzimboza ngaphezu kwengxenye yobuso bechibi, futhi lokhu kungaholela ekugobhozeni kwechibi, kuzoba nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emanzini, kuzovela igesi eshisayo futhi amanzi abolile.
Iminduze yamanzi ejulile njengoba ikhula (ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3) idinga ukuthululiselwa ekujuleni okukukhulu, futhi uma ichibi lingashonile, khona lapho izimbiza ezinezimpande kufanele zisuswe zingaphansi kubusika.
Izitshalo ezijulile zihlanganisa ne-schistolidae. Lesi sitshalo sifana nomnduze wamanzi, ngoba sinamabala amancane, avame ukuba nsundu ngamaqabunga e-wavy (ububanzi kuze kube yi-5 cm).
Bheka isithombe: kulesi sitshalo echibini, izimbali eziphuzi eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-4 cm. Ngokuvamile, leli siko litshalwa echibini kuze kube yilapho izingadi zamanzi zigxilile. Izama ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukutshala ukujula - 0,3-0.6 m, ukuphakama kwezimbali ngenhla kwamanzi - cm angama-5-8. Izimbali eziqhakaza zamabala zisuka ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes futhi kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ehlobo.
Esinye isitshalo esivela esigabeni olwandle olujulile yi-isitshalo seqanda. Lesi “isihlobo” somnduze wamanzi, yize singesihle kangako. Amaphilisi weqanda anezimbali ezincane nezingenamdlandla ezitshalwe kuma-peduncle aminyene akhuphuka ngaphezu kobuso bamanzi. Lesi sitshalo sidinga amanzi agobhozayo kanye nomthunzi oyingxenye. Ukuze uthole ichibi eliphakathi nendawo, ungasebenzisa ikhebula leqanda elincanyana nelincane.
Ama-capsule amaqanda amaJapan nawangaphandle atholakala athengiswa, kepha kuyadingeka ichibi elikhulu kulezi zitshalo, ngoba ubukhulu bembali bufika ku-8 cm, kanti ipestle liqhathaniswa ngosayizi nesimo ngesimo sebhodlela lengilazi encane. Ukujula kokutshala kungama-0.3-0.6 m (ngezinhlobo ezincane), ukuphakama kwezimbali ngenhla kwamanzi kungamasentimitha ayi-8, ukuqhakaza kwama-eggplant kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba, bese kuphindaphindeka ngokuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ehlobo.
Izitshalo ezintantayo zechibi lomhlobiso engadini
Ama-vodokras ajwayelekile, noma isele, - isitshalo esintantayo phezu kwamanzi. Leli siko livame ukusetshenziswa emachibini amancane, ngoba likhula kancane, yize liqhakaza lonke ihlobo, kuthi lapho liwa amahlamvu alo lishone. Ubusika busebusika buhlobo bomahlumela ezansi echibini, okuthi ekuqaleni kwehlobo likhuphukele phezulu bese kukhula isitshalo esisha kubo. Abanye ochwepheshe batusa ukususa izinso kanye nengxenye yodaka olungaphansi kobusika bese beyifaka emgqonyeni wamanzi, bese beyihlisela phansi futhi ngo-Ephreli. Lokhu kuzovikela inani labantu ukuthi liqandiswe yiqhwa, ngoba amachibi amancane abanda ngokuphelele.
Amaqabunga e-vodokras afinyelela ububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-2,5-5. Ukuphakama kwezimbali ngaphezu kwamanzi kungamasentimitha angama-3-5. I-Vodokras isakazeka ehlobo ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla.
Enye yezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamachibi okufakelwa - uphondo. Lesi sitshalo singumkhiqizi we-oxygen, okungukuthi, asinazimpande futhi sikhula ngqo emanzini. Iguqulwe kunoma yiziphi izimo zokukhanyisa, ayikhulisi kakhulu, iphindaphindwe ngokuhlukanisa amahlumela abe izingxenye ehlobo.
Emanzini kubukeka njengebrashi eliwugqinsi. Lesi sitshalo siyadingeka ukugcina ibhalansi yemvelo emanzini.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-Hornwort, kepha okuluhlaza okotshani noma okufakwe ngaphansi kunconyelwa amachibi okwenziwa. Isitshalo sisusa ngesimo se-buds ezansi kwerebi.
Yini izitshalo ukutshala eduze echibini ezweni
Ngezansi kuchazwe izitshalo zasogwini echibini elinezithombe namagama ezingatshalwa ezungeze ichibi lokufakelwa.
Umoya kubhekiselwa ezitshalweni zasogwini. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-magazus, ezihlukile ngombala nosayizi. Lapho ukhetha, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi izinhlobo ezingaphansi kweningi zisengozini kakhulu yamaqabunga ebusika. Imvamisa, izinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zitshalo ezisogwini zechibi zisetshenziselwa ukuklama amachibi engadi: i-wamba ne-marsh magazus.
Izinhlobo zokuqala zikhulu kakhulu, zifana ne-iris. Inamaqabunga aqonde ngokufana nomcibisholo akhipha iphunga elimnandi. Ama-cob inflorescence awanandaba kangako - mancane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi awumbukwane. Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-magazus lunamaqabunga amahle anemibala eluhlaza okotshani, okuthi entwasahlobo iba luhlaza-pink.
Ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo sogu lwesifunda echibini kungamamitha ayi-0.5-1. Lezi zitshalo zasemanzini zidinga ukutshalwa ngokujula kuka-8-15 cm. Futhi yisitshalo esisogwini - iVolzhanka. IVolzhanka ihlangene futhi iVolzhanka ihlathi, noma ijwayelekile. Lokhu kokugcina yikhona okuvame kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo asinambulelo, sinezimpande endaweni entsha, sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2 ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-2. Isikhathi sezimbali - Juni-Julayi, okusakazwa ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla ekwindla. Ama-volzhanka inflorescence makhulu, aqine futhi ubude (afika ku-20 cm), aqukethe izimbali eziningi ezimhlophe ezinokhilimu. Udinga ukutshala izilimo ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-75 ukusuka kwelinye nelincane, ngoba lesi sitshalo esikhulu sifihla indawo yokugcina ngamandla. Ekupheleni ekwindla, i-lupus erythematosus kumele inqunywe, ishiye kuphela isiqu esingu-10-15 cm ubude ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba. Udinga ukutshala isivuno emthunzini.
Izimila zesifunda ezisogwini zizungeze ichibi ezweni
Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokuthi iziphi izitshalo ezizotshala eduze echibini ezweni, unake ama-buttercups, nazo zingamalungu eqembu lezitshalo ezisogwini. Ekwakhiweni kwamachibi okufakelwa kuwo, kusetshenziswa i-buttercup engaphansi kwamanzi, ebukeka ingafani kakhulu - inezinhlobo ezimbili zamaqabunga: amaqabunga angaphansi kwamanzi ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezincanyana ezifana nezinwele, kanti ezingaphezulu komhlaba ezintantayo ebusweni zinamaqabunga kathathu futhi zibukeka njenge-clover. Izimbali zokuqala zivela ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Amhlophe, ezihlahleni zegatsha ezikhuphuka ngaphezu kwamanzi. Lapho isikhathi sezimbali siphela, isitshalo siyafa. I-Ranunculus isakazeka entwasahlobo nasehlobo ngokusika.
Kaluzhnitsa isitshalo esidla imashi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izindawo ezisogwini zezidumbu zamanzi. Lesi sitshalo esiseduze kwechibi lisiko elingabekezeleleki kakhulu elikhula kahle osebeni lwamachibi amancane noma amachibi. AmaKaluga aqhakaza ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Izimbali zaso zifana nezimbali ze-buttercup, kanti amaqabunga ayindilinga noma anomumo wenhliziyo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zalesi sitshalo, ezitshalwe eduze kwechibi, yi-marshold. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kungamamitha ayi-0,3-0,5, kutshalwe kumuntu obude obungama-5 cm, ukuqhakaza ngezimbali eziphuzi ezikhanyayo.
Enye inhlobo yezitshalo edumile ezungeze ichibi yilapho Calthapalustris Plena. Leli siko lihlukile terry, izimbali ophuzi efana chrysanthemums amancane, blooms ngo-Ephreli. Amahlathi afinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayi-10-30. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zesitshalo se-Alba, eziqhakaza ngoMeyi ezinezimbali ezimhlophe. Isiko likhula esixhaphozini, ukujula kokutshala kufika ku-2,5 cm, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufika ku-15-20 cm. Enye i-marigold, ne-nyembamba-sepal, icishe ifane ne-Alba. Kepha lesi yisidlakela sangempela phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye izihlobo. I-kaluzhnitsa enezilwane eziningi ezinamaqabunga amahle amahle nezimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi, ikhula ifike kumamitha ayi-1 ukuphakama futhi itshalwe ekujuleni okungama-5-10 cm ezitolo ezinkulu. Zonke lezi zitshalo, ezikhula eduze kwechibi ezweni, ziphindaphindeka ekugcineni kwehlobo ngezimbewu ezintsha noma ezihlahleni ezihlukanisayo.
Yiziphi ezinye izitshalo zokutshala eduze echibini ezweni
Yiziphi ezinye izitshalo ezingatshala eduze echibini ukuhlobisa indawo esebeni lolwandle?
I-Sedge ikhula emanzini nasenhlabathini eyasogwini. Ukutshala kwalo ukujula emanzini kungamasentimitha ayi-5. Kunezitshalo ezinde ezifanele imizimba emikhulu yamanzi. Ekuhlobiseni echibini, ukuphuma kwe-sedge kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Lesi sitshalo, esitshalwe eduze echibini ezweni, sinamaqabunga aphuzi, futhi isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-0.5. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-sedge yasogwini - inamaqabunga aluhlaza namhlophe futhi nesihlahla siphakeme ngamamitha ayi-0.3-0.6 m. Kotula ugu isitshalo esibonakala ngamahlamvu anamakha. Izihlahla zaso zikhula zide zibe ngu-15 cm, futhi ziqhakaze lonke ihlobo ngombala omncane ophuzi, onjenge-inkinobho. Kukhona ikhathalogu ye-coronetifolium - isitshalo saminyaka yonke esisakazeka kalula ngokuzitshala.
Ungahlwanyela imbewu yalesi sitshalo entwasahlobo ekhaya, bese-ke, isitshalwe ebhodweni lobumba, elitshalwe echibini.Ukujula kokufika kwekati kungu-12 cm.
Isitshalo esihle kakhulu ogwini lwechibi pontederia. Okudume kakhulu lapho uhlela amachibi engadi yi-pontederia enomumo wenhliziyo. Lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu: sinamaqabunga amakhulu acwebezelayo, sikhula izihlahla, ama-inflorescence ayizilokotho ezi-cylindrical ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuphakama kwama-peduncle kungama-0.6-0.75 m, kukhula kancane. Ama-blooms ePontederia aqala ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba, asatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla entwasahlobo ngasekupheleni. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo, esihlwanyelwe eduze echibini ezweni, asifuni ukumelana nesithwathwa kuphela, sisebenzisa ubusika ngama-buds ngaphansi. Ngakho-ke, kufiseleka ukuthi izinso zijule ngangokunokwenzeka, noma ukuphepha, udinga ukukhetha izinso kusuka phansi nge-sludge futhi ebusika zifakwe embizeni yamanzi, futhi ngokuqala kokushisa ziphinde zibaqhubekele endaweni yokugcina amanzi.
