Lapho kuqala isikhathi sekwindla, isigaba sezitshalo ezisebenzayo sezisondele ukuqeda esivinini. Ukutshala amagilebhisi ekwindla kuvumela ukuthi izihlahla ezinezithelo zithole kabusha, ziphinde zigcine izinqolobane zamaminerali futhi zilungiselele ubusika obude. Inani elanele lezakhamzimba linikeza isivuno esikhulu samagilebhisi ngesizini ezayo.
Yini enikeza ukugqokwa kwe-top top yamagilebhisi
Ubusika obuhle nokusabela okufanele ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa esikhathini sasebusika kuxhomeke ngqo ebukhonweni besiko lokuhlinzekwa kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nezakhi zomkhondo.
Izivini eziningi zinesiqiniseko sokuthi i-organic yenza amajikijolo abe nempilo kuphela.
Izinzuzo zokugqoka ekwindla:
- ubuningi bamanzi ancibilikayo ekuqaleni kwesizini ezayo kuhlinzeka ngamabhasi ngokudla okugcwele;
- isikhathi sokukhula siqala ngendlela yesikhathi futhi siqhubeka ngempumelelo enkulu;
- ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi okuningana kwenqubo yokufaka umanyolo kuthinta kakhulu ukukhula kohlelo lwezitshalo;
- kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kokuphefumula kwenhlabathi kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwengozi yokuthola izifo noma i-microflora ye-pathogenic engadini.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yokugqoka phezulu ekwindla yamagilebhisi ukuthi isiko le-berry linesikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika, bese ama-fertilizer esetshenzisiwe ancibilike ngokuphelele futhi amunwe kahle ezingxenyeni zenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusebenzisa amanani amaningi omanyolo kuyingozi kakhulu esivinini kunokuntuleka komsoco.
Izici zomanyolo wamagilebhisi amancane namadala
Amakati amancanyana ngesikhathi sokukhula ayakwazi ukukhulisa ingxenye ebalulekile yomoya, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo sidinga inani elifanele lokudla. Ukucebisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi enempilo kunika amahlava amandla okululama ngemuva kokuqina okusindayo kwehlobo. Ekwindla, indala futhi iyekile ukuthela izitshalo zezithelo ayondli kuphela, kepha futhi yaxhunyelelwa, okusiza ukukhulisa umkhiqizo futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yesitshalo esizayo.
Isikhathi ngesilinganiso kanye nemvamisa yokugqoka okuphezulu
Ukugqokwa phezulu kwesivini ebusika kuvunyelwe kuphela uma isikhathi sokuhlanganiswa sihlonishwa, kepha ubukhulu becala, isikhathi sokufaka isicelo somanyolo sincike ezinhlobonhlobo nasezimweni zezulu, ezihluka minyaka yonke:
- ukugqokwa phezulu kwamagilebhisi aqala ukuvuthwa kwenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala (kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba);
- ukufaka umquba ngezinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa ngo-Agasti-Septhemba kunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala isiko lama-berry le-LMR namanye ama-pathogen fungus;
- ngemuva kokuvunwa, izihlahla zomvini zondliwa ngamanyolo we-potash, okuandisa kakhulu ubusika bezitshalo;
- ukugqoka phezulu kwenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuthena kwekwindla, esimweni sezulu esomile nesizolile;
- Umanyolo usetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ngo-Agasti, kunconywa ukondla isivini eCentral Federal District ngoSepthemba, nasezifundeni eziseningizimu kungakapheli maphakathi no-Okthoba;
- ukugqokwa okukhulu ekwindla phezulu kuhlelwa minyaka yonke kuphela ezinhlabathini ezinesihlabathi.
- izinhlabathi ezinamanzi anesihlabathi zondliwa ngonyaka, futhi ezinhlabathini zobumba, izivini kufanele zondliwe njalo ngeminyaka emithathu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka ukuhambisana kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomanyolo owethulwe ekwindla ngaphansi kwezihlahla zezithelo. Ezinye izakhamzimba azidonswa yisiko le-berry uma zisetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye.
Ishadi Lokuvumelana Komanyolo
Ama-viniga amaningi axube i-organics ne "chemistry"
Njalo eminyakeni emithathu ekwindla, isivini kufanele sondliwe sisebenzisa umquba, umlotha ojwayelekile wezinkuni, i-ammonium sulfate ne-superphosphate. Ukwakheka okunjalo kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kobuso benhlabathi, emva kwalokho ukumba okujulile kwenziwa, futhi wonke ama-lime complexes alethwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4.
Izinhlobo zomanyolo, ukulungiselela kwazo kanye nokusebenzisa kwazo ngendlela efanele
Okokugqoka okuphezulu kwekhavini kwamagilebhisi, noma ngabe ungakanani umanyolo okhethiwe, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele wenze izinto zokudla
Ngaphambi kokugqoka kwaphezulu ekwindla, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake isimo sesiko le-berry nezimpawu zalo zeminyaka, kanye nokwakheka kwenhlabathi. Ukukhetha okulungile kohlobo lomanyolo kuncike kulokhu. Ukufinyelela okusheshayo ohlelweni lwezimpande kunikezwa ngokunisela, futhi ukuncipha kancane kancane komanyolo kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yembobo ekubekeni ukwakheka kuya ekujuleni okungenani kwamamitha wekota.
Ukondla Okuphilayo
Umquba uthukulula umhlabathi, uthuthuke umoya nokufinyelela kwamanzi ezimpandeni
Izinto eziphilayo zithwalwa ngokushesha futhi kalula ngesiko le-berry, yingakho ama-viniga amaningi ethanda lolu hlobo lomanyolo.
Imithetho nokuvama kokufaka umanyolo
| Igama lomanyolo | Isimiso sokusebenza | Inani lokuphakelayo / izinkambiso nendlela yokufaka isicelo |
| Izinyoni ezilahlayo | Umanyolo obalulekile we-organic - uqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ne-magnesium, ngakho-ke, ubuyisela kahle inani lomsoco lomhlabathi, usebenza ngokufana nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi olungiselelwe futhi ungangena esikhundleni sokwakheka okubizayo okuthengisiwe | Kanye / Amaviki ambalwa ngaphambi kokugqoka, ilitha elilodwa likadoti lihlanjululwa ngamalitha ama-4 amanzi. 10 amalitha amanzi afakwa ngosuku. I-500 g yesisombululo ithululelwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla |
| Umlotha wezinkuni | Ungumthombo we-potassium, calcium, magnesium nesodium, ulungele ukondla inhlabathi ene-acidic noma engathathi hlangothi, ukusheshisa inqubo yokulungisa isitshalo se-berry isikhathi sokuphumula kobusika | Kanye / i-300 g yomlotha wokhuni ifakwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, ifakwe izinsuku ezingama-3-4 bese ithululelwa emiseleni ezungeze isiqu sesihlahla sebhitrudi |
| Umquba wezinkomo | Kuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezakhiwo zenhlabathi, kwenza inhlabathi ithathe amanzi futhi iphefumule, kusebenze ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-microflora enenzuzo | Kanye / umquba wamahhashi nowezimvu usetshenziswa kwizimbotshana nakweminye inhlabathi esindayo, kanti umquba wezinkomo nowengulube ungeniswa enhlabathini enesihlabathi |
| Imvubelo | Ngendlela efanele futhi ngokushesha elawula isimo se-microflora ezuzisayo enhlabathini | Kabili ngesikhawu samasonto amabili / i-100 g yemvubelo ifakwa ebhakedeni lamanzi afudumele futhi ifakwe kosuku. Ukusetshenziswa amalitha ama-2 ngesitshalo ngasinye |
| I-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Umuthi unomphumela we-fungicidal ne-biocidal. | Kanye / Kusetshenziswa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-5 ngesilinganiso se-1 g ngesihlahla samagilebhisi esidala |
Umanyolo wamaminerali
Kuyinto elula ukuyisebenzisa ekwindla ukulungiselela izitshalo eziqukethe izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi zezakhi zomzimba: "I-mortar", "Kemira", "Florovit"
Ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zamaminerali ezenziwe ngomumo ezenzelwe ukondla ekwindla kusiza ekunikeni izivini izakhi zomsoco ezidingekayo. Amaminerali ngendlela efinyeleleka kalula enza ukungavikeleki kwesitshalo, kuthinte kalula ubusika bawo.
Imithetho yokutshala imvamisa
| Igama lomanyolo | Isimiso sokusebenza | Inani lokuphakelayo / izinkambiso nendlela yokufaka isicelo |
| Ufulawa wePhosphorite | Umanyolo wemvelo, osebenza enhlabathini ene-acidic, usiza ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezimpande futhi usebenze ukukhula komhlaba | Kanye. Isetjenziswa ekujuleni okungama-20-25 cm ngesilinganiso sama-200-300 g nge-skwele ngasinye. m |
| I-Powder ne-granular ephindwe kabili noma i-superphosphate ejwayelekile | Ukuqanjwa akukuphazamisi ukukhula kwesisindo esiluhlaza, kuthuthukisa ukuqina kobusika, kunikeza ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okuningi nezithelo ezisebenzayo kwisizini ezayo | Kanye. 20 tbsp. l 3 l wamanzi abilayo athululelwa, emva kwalokho i-150 ml yengxube yesisekelo igxunyekwe ku-10 l wamanzi abandayo. Ukusetshenziswa ibhakede ½ ngesihlahla ngasinye |
| Ukwakheka kwe-potassium phosphate | Ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwamahlumela ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, kusiza isitshalo ebusika | Kanye. Ukujula okungama-20-25 cm ukusuka ekubalweni kwe-20-30 g we-potassium sulfate kanye ne-30-40 g ye-superphosphate |
| I-Azofoska (nitroammofoska) | Isenzo sifana ne-powder noma i-superphosphate ejwayelekile | Kanye. Ngefomu elomile lihlakazeka ngaphansi kwezihlahla ngamanani angama-50-60 g ngesitshalo ngasinye |
| I-Nitrophoska | Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi osuselwa kuyinkimbinkimbi ye-NPK, ethakwa kalula yizitshalo | Kanye. 2 tbsp. l Umanyolo ngebhakede elilodwa lamanzi, elisetshenziswa ngaphansi kwempande |
| Bishal | Ukugqoka okungabizi kwama-foliar okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo nokulungiselela kwayo ubusika | Kabili inkathi yokuphumula kwamasonto amabili. Ukugqoka phezulu kwe-Foliar kwenziwa ngesisombululo esisuselwa ku-150 ml ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi |
| UNovofert | Umanyolo onganyibiliki wamanzi osiza isitshalo ukuzivumelanisa nezinto zangaphandle ezingezinhle | Kanye. Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngamaqabunga noma ngaphansi kwempande kwenziwa ngesilinganiso se-10 g somuthi ngebhakede lamanzi |
Ividiyo: uwondla kanjani kahle amagilebhisi
Ukubuyekezwa kwezakhamizi zasehlobo mayelana nezinketho zokondla amagilebhisi ekwindla
Amagilebhisi adinga i-humus, futhi uqaphele kumanyolo wamaminerali. Amagilebhisi akuzona amazambane hhayi utamatisi.
master53
//www.vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=112
Uma utshale inhlabathi kahle lapho utshala isithombo, khona-ke eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala yokubekelwa izimpande akudingeki.
induku yokudonsa
//www.vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=112
Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaSepthemba, ngisebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-foliar ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa komvini. Lo nyaka, ngithole i-Bui potassium monophosphate, inketho enhle. Futhi ngo-Okthoba - ngaphansi kwempande ye-superphosphate. Yilokho kuphela ekwindla.
Kamyshanin
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?p=7314
Ngizokutshela ukuthi ngivuna kanjani ukufaka amagilebhisi, angikenzi ukubala ekususeni izakhamzimba - ngizokwenza ngeso, ekwindla nginika ama-superphosphate ama-boreholes azungeze isiqu, entwasahlobo ngikhulisa imigqomo emibili yamalitha angama-200 kokufakwa kwenkukhu okukodwa.
i-sergey 54
//lozavrn.ru/index.php?topic=2383.0
Ezivinini ezincane, kungcono ukusebenzisa okubizwa ngokuthi luhlaza okuphezulu kokugqoka. Ngale njongo, ngemuva kokuvunwa, i-vetch, i-oats, uphizi noma ama-lupins atshalwa eduze kwesihlahla se-berry. Ngaphambi kokubunjelwa kwembewu, izithombo ezikhulwe ngaphambi kokupholisa ubusika zimbiwa ngokucophelela, okwenza inhlabathi ibe nokukhululeka futhi inempilo, futhi inikeze nesivuno esiphakeme sesizini ezayo.
