Ukuba khona kwe-incubator yekhaya kuyithuba elihle lokuthola imfuyo enempilo yenkukhu. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi nenani lamachwane aqhekekile kubalwa kakhulu ngokubekwa kwamaqanda okuyi-incubator ekhaya. Le nqubo ebalulekile yandulelwa ukukhethwa okuqinile kwamaqanda enzelwe ukukhahlelwa, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezici zokufakwa ngaphakathi kohlobo oluthile lwenyoni.
Njengoba ibhukumaki nazo zonke izinqubo ezilandelwayo zilingisa ukufakwa kwemvelo, isimo esilandelayo sibaluleke kakhulu. Kuya ngokuthi iliphi iqanda okufanele lingene kwi-incubator, kuya:
- izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama ku-incubator;
- imigomo yokufaka ekufakweni nasekukhonkosini;
- izici zokufaka umoya omncane nokupholisa;
- izindlela zokubeka;
- imigomo yokungezelelwa okwengeziwe kwamaqanda ngembungu ngayinye.
Ukukhethwa kwamaqanda asezingeni eliphakeme kunikezwa ukunakwa okukhulu, futhi kuyadingeka ukulawula ukukhula nokwakhiwa kwemibungu ngaphakathi hhayi nje esiteji sokuqala, kepha futhi ngenkathi yenqubo yokufakwa. Amaqanda angenazo izibonakaliso zokuthuthuka ayasuswa ukuze angaqali ukukhula kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic futhi angadaluli amaqanda asele engcupheni engaba khona.
Yimaphi amaqanda angabekwa ku-incubator? Ungawabona kanjani amaqanda angaguquki ngokubukeka nezinye izimpawu uwasuse ku-incubator ngesikhathi?
Ungawahlola kanjani amaqanda ku-incubator yegciwane?
Esigabeni sokuqala, ukukhethwa kwamaqanda kwenziwa ngokwezimpawu zangaphandle. Ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator, ahlelwa ngesimo, ngosayizi, nangekhwalithi yegobolondo.
Igobolondo kufanele libe liqinile, noma lingabi namathonya noma izindawo ezingafakwanga. Amaqanda anama-microcracks noma amabala anjengemabula angajwayelekile ebusweni kufanele angangeni ku-incubator.
Imvamisa, amaphutha anjalo kunzima ukuwathola ngamehlo, ngakhoke i-ovoscope noma isibani sendlu sisetshenziselwa ukwenqaba amaqanda. Ukuhlola amaqanda ngaphambi kokufaka ku-incubator kukuvumela ukuthi:
- qaphela amaqanda angenalucwaningo, aqamba amanga futhi asevele engasebenzi;
- bona zonke iziphikisi ezincane kakhulu zegobolondo;
- nquma indawo nosayizi wekamelo lomoya elifunwa yinja ezinsukwini zokugcina ngaphambi kokuluma.
Emaqanda alungele ukuqhanyelwa, isikhuphasha esakhiwe kahle siyabonakala ngokusobala ngemuva kwesendlaleli esisobala, ngaphandle kokuthambekela kwamanye amazwe, ukumnyama noma izindawo ezinamafu zamaphrotheni. I-yolk isenkabeni yeqanda, futhi lapho ishunqika futhi ijika kancane indawo yayo endaweni yayo.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okubukwayo nokusobala, igobolondo akufanele libe nezici. Imarbling iyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ama-pathogenic bacteria, virus kanye nesikhunta angangena ezindaweni ezingakhiwanga kahle.
Igumbi lomoya litholakala ngaphansi kwe-dome blunt enkabeni yayo noma ephansi kancane. Uma umthamo womoya ngaphakathi kwegobolondo umkhulu, lokhu kungaba yisibonakaliso sokuthi iqanda belilinde ukuthunyelwa kusi-incubator isikhathi eside kakhulu, nokuqukethwe kwalo sekomile. Amaqanda anjalo ayaliwa kanye ne-yolk engafile futhi ichithekile.
Ungahlola kanjani umbungu weqanda ku-incubator? Ngaphezu kwesheke lokuqala lekhwalithi yeqanda, phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhiqizwa, izinqubo ezinjalo ezengeziwe zenziwa ngokunqunyelwa kwesonto. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-6 ngemuva kokuba amaqanda ebekwe ku-incubator, ekhaya, kusetshenziswa i-ovoscope noma isibani esinamandla esinamandla, ungabona inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi igobhoza amaprotheni nendawo emnyama yombungu.
Ungabeka kanjani amaqanda ku-incubator?
Kuze kufakwa amaqanda ku-incubator, amaqanda azo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni kumele agcinwe apholile. Uma zidluliselwa ngokushesha kumathileyi futhi zifakwa egumbini elinokufudumala, ukuqalelwa kokuqala kuzoqala. Ngenxa yalokho, i-microclimate izophazamiseka, isikhunta siyokhula bese umbungu ungafa.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufaka amaqanda ama-goose noma amaqanda enye inkukhu ku-incubator, agcinwa emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-25 ° C egumbini elivikelwe kokubhaliwe amahora ayisishiyagalombili nane.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa ngaphandle nangaphakathi igobolondo selikhiqizwe, emva kwalokho amaqanda angabekwa emathiyini. Indawo amaqanda amangqamuzana ancike kuyo ngosayizi wawo, ngobuningi bawo, futhi nakuhlobo lwenyoni.
Ungabeka kanjani amaqanda ku-incubator? Izinkukhu yizakhamizi ezivame kakhulu zezindlu ezingenamakhaya, ngakho-ke, onke ama-nuances wokufaka amaqanda azo ahlala ethokozisa abalimi abanolwazi, futhi ikakhulukazi abalimi abaqala izinkukhu.
Iqanda lezinkukhu alilona elikhudlwana, ngakho-ke lingabekwa kuma-tray, omabili asendaweni eqondile futhi ovundlile, uma kungekho ukushoda kwendawo yamahhala. Uma kufanele uthole amachwane enyoni enkulu, ke kungakuhle ukuthi "ubeke" amaqanda emaphethelweni akhonjwe kuwo noma uwagwaze kancane ukuze uwagcine. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emihle kakhulu uma ibopha amaqanda ngokuma kwesimo samaqanda, afudunyezwa ukushisa kangcono, ominyene kakhulu, futhi okulula ukuwalandela.
Izici zokubekwa kweqanda nokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokufakwa
Abalimi abanenkukhu abanokuhlangenwe nakho bazama ukubeka amaqanda eduze ngosayizi kwitreyi elilodwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, akusizi ngalutho ukubeka amaqanda ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinyoni eduzane, noma ngabe afanayo ngokuphelele ngesisindo, usayizi nesimo. Uma amaqanda ezinkukhu, ama-goose nezinye izinkukhu zilayishwa ngasikhathi sinye, izikhathi ezahlukile zokufakwa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izimo ezahlukahlukene esigabeni ngasinye kufanele zibhekwe.
Okokuqala, enkulu kunazo zonke kufanele ize emathileyi, khona-ke, njengoba ubukhulu bancipha, beka amaqanda aphakathi namancanyana. Isikhala sebhukhimakhi esivamile singamahora amane.
Ngokufanayo, lapho zifaka izinhlobo zezinyoni ezahlukahlukene. Kulokhu, ungagxila esikhathini esiphakathi kusuka kubhukumaka kuya kumachwane wokudanisa:
- Izinsuku eziyi-17 zezigwaca;
- Izinsuku ezingama-21 zenkukhu;
- I-26-28 yama-poults ama-turkey;
- Izinsuku ezingama-26- 34 zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamadada asekhaya;
- Izinsuku ezingama-28 kuya kwezingu-geese.
Ekhaya, ukubeka amaqanda ku-incubator kwenziwa ngesandla. Idivaysi ibekwa kuqala ekushiseni okuhleliwe kusengaphambili, amaqanda aphathwa ngesisombululo se-antiseptic noma esebenzisa isibani se-ultraviolet. Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukugeza nokuhlanza igobolondo ngomshini!
Onke amaqanda ku-incubator kufanele afuthulwe ngokulinganayo futhi angena umoya. Ngakho-ke, amanye amamodeli anendlela yokuguqula amaqanda ngokuzenzakalela. Uma umsebenzi onjalo awunikezwanga, umfuyi wezinkukhu wenza amaqanda ku-incubator izikhathi eziyi-10-12 ngosuku. Le ndlela ngeke inikeze ukufudumala kuphela, kepha futhi nesikhundla esifanele se-umbungu.
Ngemuva kwesonto ngemuva kokubekela amaqanda, kunconywa ukuthi bahlolwe umbungu ukuze basuse izinduku zokuthuthuka ngesikhathi bese kuqeda ukutheleleka ngegciwane kwiqanda elonakele. Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-6-7, inqubo iyaphindwa.
Kubalimi abaqala izinkukhu kuzosiza ukubukela ividiyo yokuthi ungabeka kanjani amaqanda ku-incubator. Njengoba impumelelo yokufuduka kungukukhethwa kwamaqanda okungu-80% nokubekwa kwayo, ulwazi lwazo zonke izimfanelo zama-nuances luzosiza ukugwema amaphutha amaningi asongela ngokufa kwamantshontsho.
