I-buddlea shrub (Buddleja) ibizwa nangokuthi buddleya, ihlobene ngqo nomndeni wamaNoric. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ingahlangatshezwa ezindaweni ezifudumele kanye nezifunda ezifudumele zase-Asia, South Africa naseMelika. Lesi sitshwhi saqanjwa ngegama lowesilisa waseNgilandi u-A. Baddle, owayengudokotela wezitshalo ngasekupheleni kuka-17 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Ezweni lakubo, lesi sitshalo sasibizwa ngokuthi yi-orange. UBudley ubizwa nangokuthi “umuthi webhabhathane” noma “uzibuthe wamabhabhathane”. Futhi konke ngenxa yokuthi izimbali zesihlahlana esinje zinephunga loju oluqinile, ngenxa yokuthi izimvemvane ezinkulu ezinhle kakhulu zigibela impova. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amagatsha alesi sitshalo afana kakhulu nama-lilacs, ngokuqondene nalokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "lilac yasekwindla".
Izici Zokuvuka
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zama-buddley, noma kunalokho, cishe ezingaba ngu-100. Lolu hlobo lomuthi luboniswa izihlahlana ezinqenqemayo noma ezinesihlahla esihlala siqhakazile. Ziqhakaza sekwephuze futhi zanele. Isici sokuphaphama ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, izimbali, amaqabunga nezithelo ziba khona kanyekanye emagatsheni awo.
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-150 kuye kwangama-300. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, amapuleti amaqabunga ahlelwe ngababili anomumo we-lanceolate, ongafinyelela amasentimitha angama-600 ubude. Ezinhlotsheni zase-Eshiya, ama-inflorescence abunjwe nge-panicle angaba ngamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-50. Futhi izinhlobo zaseMelika zinama-inflorescence ayindilinga. Izimbali ezincane ze-tubular zine-melliferous melliferous kakhulu, zihlukaniswe ngama-lobes ama-4, njengezimbali ze-lilac. Zingapendwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene: obomvu, ophuzi, olilac, omhlophe, opinki, owolintshi, umbala we-raspberry. Kulokhu, ubukhulu bezimbali bungahluka. Izithelo zimelelwa ngamacwecwe amise okwama-oblong, ngaphakathi kwawo kukhona imbewu. Izinhlobo ezihlangene nezinhlobonhlobo azimelani neqhwa, uma-ke, uma izitshalo zingamboziwe, lapho-ke zingakwazi ukuqandisa ebusika obungenabo iqhwa. Kodwa-ke, kuphela leyo ngxenye yesitshalo esingaphezulu kwenhlabathi eyokufa, kuthi lapho entwasahlobo ihlumela elincane liphume emhlabathini, ngawo lowo nyaka liqale ukuqhakaza. Kunezinhlobo ezinokumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa, azesabi amaqhwa aze afike ku-20 degrees.
Ukukhula kwe-buddleia kusuka imbewu
Ephakathi nendawo, imbewu ezulazulayo esihlahleni imvamisa ayivuthi, kepha ungaphendukela kumaqhinga anjengokuhlwanyelwa noma ukuhlwanyelwa engxenyeni yeqhwa. Ochwepheshe bakweluleka ukuthi uthenge imbewu yalesi sitolo esitolo esikhethekile, futhi kungcono ukhethe abakhiqizi abangeniswa ezweni. Imbewu ku-buddley incane kakhulu, ukuze kube lula ukuyitshala, kunconywa ukuthi uyihlanganise nesihlabathi. Gcwalisa amapani abanzi ngomhlabathi ongathathi hlangothi. Ngaphansi kwethangi kufanele kube nezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi, futhi ungakhohlwa ukwenza ungqimba oluhle lwamanzi. Hlwanyela imbewu ebusweni besigatshana bese uyifaka kancane (ungajuli). Thela izitshalo ngesibhamu sokufafaza bese umboza isitsha ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Isitsha kufanele sisuswe endaweni efudumele enamazinga okushisa komoya angama-22 kuye kwangama-25 degrees, kufanele sikhanyiswe kahle futhi sivikeleke elangeni eliqondile. Ukuhlwanyelwa kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sentwasahlobo. Izithombo zokuqala zizovela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-14. I-raspberry kufanele ingene umoya futhi iniselwe. Ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa "komlenze omnyama", kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-pinkish manganese potassium sokunisela.
Izithombo zeBuddlei
Ngemuva kokuba izitshalo ezincane zikhulile, indawo yokukhosela ingasuswa. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamabili amaqabunga ama-2-3 amaqabunga angempela, iBudleu kufanele idluliselwe ezitsheni ngazinye futhi kungcono uma izimbotshana ze-peat. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izithombo zidinga ukuqiniswa kamoya omusha, ngoba lokhu kufanele uvule iwindi isikhashana, kepha akufanele kube khona okusalungiswa.
Ukutshala uphapheme
Isikhathi sokufika emhlabeni
Ukutshala i-buddley kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngemuva kokuba usongo lweqhwa seludlulile. Indawo efanele ukulondolozwa kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle futhi ngasikhathi sinye ivikeleke emimoyeni enamandla yomoya, nakuhlaka. Inhlabathi kumele ingathathi hlangothi, icwengekile kahle, inamakha, igcwele umsoco.
Ungatshala kanjani egumbini lokuvuka
Lapho ukutshala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izihlahla ze-buddhia zikhula kakhulu, ngakho-ke ibanga elihle kufanele lishiywe phakathi kwabo, ngaphandle kwalokho bayogcwala kakhulu. Imbobo yokufakelwa kufanele ibe nobukhulu amasentimitha angama-40x40. Ukujula komgodi kufanele kulingane nosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande kanye namasentimitha angama-20. Ngezansi komgodi, kufanele kwenziwe ungqimba lwamanzi, futhi nomanyolo kufanele futhi wengezwe. Ukuphakama kweleyitha yokudonsa kufanele kube ngokulingana namasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-15. Ukuyidala, kufanele usebenzise impahla yengxenyana enkulu. Inhlabathi encane yengadi ithululelwa phezu kwale ungqimba negquma, okufanele lixubaniswe nenani linye lomquba nomanyolo wamaminerali. Lapho-ke kule mound udinga ukubeka isithombo futhi usakaze izimpande zawo. Thela inani lomhlabathi elidingekayo emgodini, emva kwalokho kufanele luhlanganiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho isitshalo siyaniselwa, futhi ingaphezulu lomhlabathi limbozwe ungqimba lwe-mulch (umquba). Nakani ukuthi lapho utshala intamo yezimpande usezingeni elifanayo nangaphansi komhlaba.
Izici Zokunakekela
Ukunisela lesi shrub kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngesikhathi esishisayo esishisayo. Kwisihlahla esi-1, kuthathwa amalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele ahlala efudumele. Amanzi athululelwa egreyini ukuze enzelwe isitshalo. I-Budleya isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha, iziqu zazo ngesizini zingakhula zibe ngamasentimitha angama-200-250. Ukuze uzuze izimbali eziningi ezinde, isikhathi eside, kuyadingeka ukwenza umanyolo ongu-2-3 ngenkathi yomanyolo, okubandakanya i-phosphorus ne-potassium, okusheshisa ukukhula futhi kuthuthukise nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Ziphinde zibe nomthelela ekutheni usayizi wama-inflorescence abe mkhulu. Futhi isihlahla singavundiswa ngezinto eziphilayo (umquba we-liquid kanye ne-humus). Ukufaka umanyolo ngamanyolo wamaminerali ne-organic kunconywa ukuthi kuguqulwe. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhululwa okuphezulu komhlaba, okufanele senziwe ekujuleni okujulile futhi ngokucophelela, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande liseduze komhlabathi. Futhi futhi udinga ukhula ngokuhlelekile.
Ukuvuka kwezihlahla
Isihlahla se-buddley siyadingeka. Iqiniso ngukuthi uma kungenziwa, khona-ke iziqu ziyakhuleka bese zidalulwa, ngenxa yalokho isihlahla siphelelwa amandla futhi kubukeka kungcolile. Futhi, izihlahla ziba nomthelela wokuthi izimbali ziba ziningi. Lawo ma-inflorescence aseqale ukubuna adinga ukunqunywa, ngoba i-buddha idinga inani elikhulu lamandla ukuze kukhule izimbali ezintsha. Ngentwasahlobo, ngemuva kokufakwa kokushisa emigwaqweni, amakati ayodinga ukusikwa, ngakho-ke izinhlobo ezinde zinqunywa zilinganiswe ngamasentimitha angama-90 ukusuka ngaphezulu komhlaba, kuthi lezo ezikhula ziphansi zibe amasentimitha angama-30. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo sizoba nokubukeka okukhangayo, futhi ukuqhakaza kwaso kube muhle ngokwengeziwe nangokubabazekayo.
Ukuzalwa kabusha kwe-buddha
Ungasakaza kanjani ngembewu ephapheme, echazwe ngemininingwane enkulu ngenhla. Futhi kuvame ukusakazeka isihlahla esinjalo ngokusika. Ngo-ekwindla, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali sekuphelile, kuyadingeka ukusika izingcezu, ukhethe lokhu amahlumela wonyaka, okungahlotshiswa noma kube luhlaza. Ngemuva kwalokho bahlanza egumbini elipholile, okungafanele libambe, ukusikeka kuzoba lapho kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Kuzokwazi ukubatshala emhlabathini ukuze ubambe kuphela intwasahlobo elandelayo. Uma ufisa, izingcezu zingatshalwa emhlabathini ukuze zibambe ngokuwa ekwindla, kuyilapho izimpande zikhula ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Lapho usika, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okungenani ama-buds amathathu akhona esiphathweni, kuyilapho amabili awo embozwe ngenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokutshala. Ama-cutways anezimpande kufanele ambozwe ukuze angafi ngenxa yamaqhwa ebusika, futhi entwasahlobo azodinga ukuthunyelwa endaweni engapheli. Lezo zokusika ezazigcinwe kuze kuqale isikhathi sentwasahlobo kufanele zitshalwe endaweni evulekile endaweni ehlala njalo ngemuva kokusatshiswa kwesithwathwa.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ama-whiteflies kuphela kanye nama-spider mites angahlala ebhulini, kuyilapho athanda isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile. Uma kwenzeka ungenawo amandla okugcina umswakama odingekayo, kuzodingeka usike iziqu ezithintekile, bese uphatha isihlahla nge-ejenti efanelekile yokuhlaselana. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo simelana kakhulu ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, ngakho-ke lapho kukhula engadini, izinkinga naso azivamile.
Ngemuva kwezimbali
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu
Imbewu yalesi shrub kumele iqoqwe ngemuva kokuba sesivuthiwe ngokuphelele. Njengomthetho, lesi sikhathi siwela ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba. Kodwa-ke, imbewu oziqoqayo, ngaphambi kokutshala izodinga ukulungiswa isikhathi eside, kodwa lokhu akuqinisekisi ukuthi izohluma kahle. Kulokhu, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuthenga imbewu ye-buddley, hhayi ukuyiqoqa.
Ubusika
Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga eqabunga esihlahleni sesiqale ukuba mnyama, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhiphe izihlahla ngomhlabathi owomile ube ukuphakama okukhulu (okungenani kuze kufike ebangeni lesithathu ngeziqu). Ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka ukusika amagatsha, ngenkathi kudingekile ukuthi kube ngamasentimitha angama-20 kuphela angenhla ngaphezu kwesixhaxha. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukumboza isihlahla ngamagatsha e-spruce, futhi ngaphezulu kwawo wabeka ibhokisi elenziwe ngokhuni. Beka i-ruberoid ngaphezulu kwayo bese uyilungisa ngokuphephile ngamatshe nangezitini, ukuze umoya ungabhubhisi isakhiwo esiphumela. Khumbula ukuthi ifilimu noma sawdust akufanele isetshenziswe njengendawo yokukhosela, ngoba, ngokuba ngaphansi kwabo, lesi sitshalo singase siqale ukukhanya. Ngokuqondene nebhokisi, usayizi walo kufanele ube likhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Iqiniso ngukuthi kule ndaba lesi sitshalo sizohlinzekwa ngenani elikhulu lomoya, esilidingayo.
Izinhlobo eziphambili nezinhlobonhlobo ezinezithombe namagama
Ebangeni eliphakathi nendawo, kulinyelwa izinhlobo ezihlukene ezahlukahlukene, kanti ezaziwa kakhulu yiBuddleia variable, noma uDavid (Buddleja davidii). Okususelwa kule nhlobo kubuye kudume kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo: Ama-inflorescence eWilson buddley - ama-lilac-pink anemibala egcwele, futhi ubude bawo afinyelela kumamitha angama-0.75, i-Vicha buddley - yinde, i-buddley yinhle - ama-inflorescence aphuzi aphuzi kakhulu futhi fluffy.
I-Buddleja davidii (Buddleja davidii)
Ukuphakama kwezihlahla ezinqobayo kungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-200 kuya kwangama-300. Futhi lesi sitshalo kungenzeka singabi isihlahla esikhulu kakhulu (ukuphakama 5 m), iziphetho zamagatsha awo avele. Iziqu zikhula ngokushesha. Ukuma kwamapuleti amaqabunga yi-lanceolate-oval noma i-lanceolate, kuyilapho endaweni ephezulu kukhona iphuzu. Ngasohlangothini lwangaphambili aluhlaza okotshani, futhi ngaphakathi ngamhlophe qwa ngombala obomvu obugqamile. Ubude bamaqabunga cishe amasentimitha angama-25. Ama-inflorescence ama-fluffy spiky inflorescence aqukethe izimbali ze-lilac ezinephunga loju. Ubude be-inflorescences cishe ngamasentimitha angama-40. Izimbali ziqala ezinsukwini zokugcina zasehlobo. Isikhathi sezimbali - amasonto ayi-6. Izinhlobo:
- I-Alba, i-White Cloud ne-White Profession - banezimbali ezimhlophe;
- I-Empire Blue, iBlack Knight - izimbali zidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukahlukene onsomi;
- I-Royal Red, Harlequin - izimbali zingaba zemithunzi ehlukahlukene ebomvu.
Izinhlobo ezichazwe ngezansi zinokungavimbani kakhulu kwesithwathwa, kodwa uma zimbozwe kahle, zizokwazi ukubekezelela ubusika:
Budleya-flow-elimhlophe (Buddleja albiflora)
Izihlahla ezinqabile ezinjalo zinama-inflorescence amise okotshani obanzi, adwetshwe ngokukhanyayo noma okumhlophe.
Isithwathwa se-Budleya (Buddleja nivea)
Phezu kweziqu namaqabunga ezihlahlamfucu ezinqabile kukhona indawo yobuchopho obukhulu obuzwakalayo. Ama-inflorescence ethusayo apendwe ngombala we-lilac.
I-Budleya japanese (Buddleja japonica)
Lesi sihlahla esiqabulayo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ubude be-inflorescence ekhanyayo ebunjiwe njengombala onsundu cishe ngamasentimitha angama-20.
I-Budleya alternifolia (Buddleja alternifolia)
Lesi sihlahla esiwohlokayo siyabekezelela isomiso. Imvamisa ikhula ngesimo somuthi, kuyilapho umqhele wakhiwa, njengomcamelo okhalayo. Ukuqanjwa kwama-inflorescence amancane kufaka izimbali ze-lilac noma ze-lilac-pink, nephunga lama-alimondi.
I-Budley spherical (Buddleja globosa)
Lesi sitrobheli sihlala silingana. Izimbali zibonwa ngoMeyi. Ama-inflorescence ama-spherical anemibala ngombala wegolide-orange. Kwenziwe kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu.
