Wabasaqalayo bavame ukucabanga ukuthi ukutshala ama-clematis kutholakala kuphela kubatshali bezimbali abanamakhono, ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni ethile eningizimu noma ezifundeni zaseBaltic. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu akunjalo. Ngisho nasezindaweni “ezingathandeki” kakhulu zeSifunda Esingewona Amnyama, eNyakatho Ntshonalanga neRussia, i-Urals neSiberia, abathanda ukuqoqa amaqoqo ama-clematis amahle, bathola izinhlobo ezintsha nezindlela ezintsha zokubakhulisa.
Iminyaka eminingana manje, esizeni sami esiseduze naseNaro-Fominsk - indawo ebanda kunazo zonke ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba - bengilokhu ngikwenza i-clematis. Izimo zethu zikude nepharadesi. Kodwa-ke, wonke ama-clematis ehlobo angijabulisa ngezimbali eziningi futhi ezinde.
Clematis (Lomonos) intaba. © Andrew DunnIzinsuku zokutshala i-clematis ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha
Ukuphikisana okuningi phakathi kwabathandi be-clematis kuphakamisa umbuzo wesikhathi sokutshala. Ngangiqiniseka ngesipiliyoni eside ukuthi isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu ekwindla sekwephuzile kwesifunda saseMoscow. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho i-clematis ingavikelekile khona. Lesi sitshalo sangena endaweni ethule futhi salungiselela ubusika.
Uma ukutshala i-clematis kuhlehliswa ngenxa yesizathu esithile entwasahlobo, ngiyakwenza kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga eqala ukukhula noma nje eqala ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kungukuphela kuka-Ephreli - ukuqala kukaMeyi.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-clematis angatshalwa ehlobo, alinde amahlumela ukuthi aneliswe. Kulokhu, nginqume amahlumela akhula ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokufakelwa kwentwasahlobo-ehlobo, angigcwalisi umgodi wokufika obumbeni, kodwa uwushiye ungagcwaliseki ngo-5-10 cm. Futhi ngiyigcwalisa kancane, njengoba amahlumela enesithunzi.
UClematis (Lomonosus) yisivini. © RumlinUkukhetha Indawo yeClematis
Emvelweni, i-clematis ihlala endaweni engaphansi. Ngakho-ke, unemikhuba eyinqayizivele: izimpande zidinga inhlabathi epholile nenomswakama, futhi amaqabunga nezimbali zidinga ilanga. Njengesitshalo esingaphansi kwesithombo, akesabi kangako ukuncintisana kwezimpande zezinye izitshalo. Kungakho ngitshala umvini ngama-tulips, ama-daffodils, ama-hyacinths, ama-crocuses. Ngentwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwe-anyanisi, ama-clematis acishe angabonakali. Kepha isikhathi sihamba, kudluliswa kubo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lemivini izizwa isondelene no-peonies, kepha kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-2-5 m esiqwini sesihlahla.
Okwe-clematis, kungcono ukuceba nge-humus, i-loam sandy evundile noma inhlabathi e-loamy ephendula kancane i-acid (pH = 5.6-6.5). Bahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokuthola amanzi ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi angaphansi komhlaba. Emhlabathini otshalwe amanzi, ama-clematis aswele umoya, izitshalo ziyashabalala.
Kuyo yonke le minyaka, kuye kwabiwa iziza zomhlaba ngaphansi kwezakhiwo. Ngakho-ke endaweni yakithi, etholakala esifundeni sezikhukhula se-rivulet encane, ngasikhathi sinye sashona futhi saphumelela umhlabathi. Indlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokukhipha amanzi ngokweqile ukufaka imisele nemisele. Kepha ungatshala ama-clematis kumagquma aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, ebusika, ukufika okunjalo kudinga indawo yokukhosela ethembekile. Kunoma ikuphi, phansi komgodi wokufika, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlela ukukhishwa kukadwala noma izitini ezaphukile (okungenani 25 cm).
UClematis (Lomonos) Jacquemann. © Mike GiffordUkukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-clematis amadlelo
Wabasaqalayo bavame ukucabanga ukuthi izinhlobo zama-clematis nama-nzalo aqhakaza kakhulu kuphela amahlumela wonyaka wamanje (amaJackmani, amaVititsella, amaqembu e-Integrifolia) aphumelela ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu “esipholile”. Ngempela, ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha, izinhlobo i-Anastasia Anisimova, iHagley Hybrid, iGypsy Queen, iGolide Jubilee, iVille de Lyon, iCosmic Melody, i-Victory Salute, i-Blue Flame izibonakalise ngokuphelele. AmaVarshavyanka asePolish, uMadame Baron Vilar, uVictoria, uTuchka, uNikolai Rubtsov, uMephistopheles, njll. Ngaphambi kokukhosela ubusika kulezi clematis, wonke amahlumela anqunywe esiqwini sokuqala (20-30 cm) noma ezingeni lomhlabathi. Ukugcwalisa isihlahla ngomhlaba owomile noma u-peat (kanye neqhwa ebusika) kuzovikela ngokuthembekile izinso ekuqandeni.
Ngokuqapha okwengeziwe, abaqalayo baphatha ama-clematis amaqembu amaPatens. UFlorida noLanuginoza. Kepha ngeze! Ngemuva kwakho konke, ziyaqhakaza kabili: okokuqala - inyanga ngaphambi kwamaqembu amaJackmani, Vit Vitella kanye ne-Integrifolia, kanti okwesibili - kusukela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banezimbali ezinhle ezinamakha angajwayelekile anemibala. Kuzobajabulisa kanjani ngosuku olufudumele lwehlobo laseNdiya ne-Gladstone ebabazekayo noma iJeanne d'Arc emhlophe, i-graphic Marcel Moser ne-lotus-like pink pink Fair Rosamund!
UClematis (Lomonosus) unenhliziyo ephelele. © KENPEIIndawo yokuhlala yaseClematis ebusika
Kusukela ukuqhakaza okokuqala kwama-clematis ala maqembu kwenzeka ngemivimbo edlule, kanti okwesibili kwabasanda kukhula, indawo yokuhlala yabo ebusika idinga iqhinga elincane. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa esingaguquki, ngifinyeza iziqu zibe yi-1 m, ngisuse ezibuthakathaka nezaphukile. Isisekelo sesihlahla sifakwe ngenhlabathi eyomile noma nge-peat. Ngisusa izihlava koxhaso, ngiphenduke ngibabeke esihlahleni. Indawo yokuhlala elula kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu ye-clematis ingasebenza njengebhokisi lezithelo elingene ngaphakathi. Ngibeka ishidi elomile noma i-spruce ngaphansi kwawo, bese ngimboza ngaphansi kwebhokisi, manje osebenza njengophahla, ongaxekile ngopulasitiki noma ophahleni oluzwayo. Kusebusika ngeqhwa elincane, ngibuye ngikhangele iqhwa.
Kubalulekile ukumboza kahle, kepha kubalulekile nje ukumboza ngesikhathi esifanele nangentwasahlobo. Okokuqala, ngisusa ifilimu noma okokufaka ophahleni, ibhokisi, bese ngomile amaqabunga noma izinalithi, bese kuphela ungqimba we-mulch. Le ungqimba, obungu-cm cm ukuphakama, uhlala ku-clematis isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi uvikele amaqabunga okuvuvukala ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa lasentwasahlobo nokukhanya kwelanga okukhanya Kunengozi yokuthi ama-clematis buds azoshesha ukukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuze kufike lapho inhlabathi ekujuleni isifudumele futhi nezimpande zingakwazi ukusebenza kahle. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, isitshalo singafa.
Kuyenzeka futhi: ngenxa yokushintshana kwamawunga nokuqandeka sekwedlule isikhathi, amafomu ungqimba lweqhwa enhlabathini. Ungabi yi-mulch, leli qhwa lingaphula izimpande futhi lilimaze isisekelo sesihlahla se-clematis. Izitshalo ezinjalo ezilimele, uma zingafi nhlobo, bese zikhula zibuyele emasontweni angama-2-4 sekwedlule isikhathi, ezithinta ukuqhakaza hhayi ngendlela ehamba phambili. Ivikela kusuka kwisithwathwa nasezindongeni ezijulile zokubamba, lapho isikhungo sokuhluma sitholakala ekujuleni okungenani kuka-10-15 cm.
Kuthunyelwe ngu V. Zorina
