Ukulula ukubhoboza i-jaundice

Jaundice, cishe asaziwa ngaphansi kwegama le-botanical erysimums - esinye sezitshalo zasentwasahlobo ezikhanyayo. Zibonakala zinesizotha futhi zingabonakali, kepha lapho imibala ephuzi egqamile yezimbali ezilula igqekisa izihlahla ngamachashazi akhanyayo, akunakwenzeka ukususa iso lakho esihlahleni. Amandla wokusetha kahle ama-accents wombala futhi udale ama-ripples we-mosagated nge-jaundice kunzima ukuncintisana nawo. Futhi uju, iphunga elinoshukela ligcizelela kuphela izithunzi zokubhoboza amapende we-acrylic. Phakathi kwama-icterics, kukhona unyaka ngamunye, nama-biennials, kanye nama-perennials. Futhi bonke bakhule ngokwemithetho efanayo futhi abadingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Jaundice (I-Rysimum) - Uhlobo lwezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous zomndeni weKlabishi (Brassicaceae).

I-Lacfiol, i-wallflower noma i-yellowness Chery "Umbhede we-Orange" (i-Erysimum cheiri). © pe.guillemin

Imibala ekhanyayo nokukhethwa okukhulu kwamafomu okukhula

IJaundice, noma i-erysimum, uhlobo olukhulu lwezitshalo eziqhakaza i-herbaceous, kufaka phakathi izilinganiso zeminyaka, izimbali zezimbali zemvelo, kanye nezikhula zonyaka. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-jaundice azikhawulwanga ezinhlotsheni ezihlukile ekumweni kwesithwathwa nokuqina, kodwa futhi zikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izitshalo ezinobukhulu obuhluke ngokuphelele namafomu okukhula.

Ngaphandle kokukhetha, wonke ama-icterics ayizitshalo ezinamathela, ezinamagatsha amaningi, akha amahlahla aminyene namasodo. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo zonyaka kusuka ku-30 kuye ku-80 cm, ezinye izihlahla zemvelo zilinganiselwe ku-10 cm. Amaqabunga aqondile, ama-lanceolate, amancane, adala umphumela wombhalo. Izitshalo zikhanya kakhulu ngenxa yombala wazo obandayo, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ohlukanisa kahle iphalethi elifudumele lemibala egqamile. Izimbali ezinama-petals ayindilinga, ngokuthepha ngokuqinile phansi, amathuna aqhakazile kanye ne "iso" elincane kubukeka kahle futhi kulula. Phakathi kwe-jaundice, kunezitshalo ezinezimbali ezilula nezimbili. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ezibunjiweyo eziboshwe ngezithelo ze-tetrahedral-cylindrical noma eziqondile lapho imbewu ivuthwa khona ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti noSeptemba.

Iphalethi lemibala lifaka umbala ophuzi, owolintshi nobomvu ngemibala ekhanyayo, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zingazigabisa ngemibala e-raspberry ne-pastel cream.

IJaundice isitshalo esinobuthi futhi lapho usebenza ngezithombo kanye nokwabelana, udinga ukuqaphela futhi uvikele izandla zakho.

UJaundice Marshall (Erysimum marschallianum). © Kirisame

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-jaundice

Cishe izinhlobo eziyi-100 zezitshalo zitholakala kuhlobo lwe-icterics. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zohlobo lwe-icteric zithathwa njengonyaka. Ziqhakaza ikakhulukazi ngokukhazimulayo nangokuningi, futhi amakha akwazi ukumangaza ngobumnandi bawo namandla. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-jaundice ehlala isikhashana ingatshalwa kokubili ngonyaka nanjengo-biennials.

Jaundice cherie (I-Erysimum cheiri), sisathengisa iCheri ngaphansi kwegama elidala le-lacks kanye ne-cheyrantus - enye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezingatshalwa njenge-biennial, kodwa nokho zivame ukuhlakulelwa njengonyaka. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu kanye namazwe - oluhlala luhlala luqhakaza, luqhakaza izimbali lwentwasahlobo, lungemangalisa. I-jaundice ekhula ngokuqinile, enamandla, enamagatsha angafika ku-30 kuya ku-80 cm ubude inokubabaza okuluhlaza okotshani nokuqhakaza okukhazimulayo, lapho lezi zitshalo zizithanda kakhulu. Ama-greens yi-emerald-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, muhle kakhulu futhi aminyene. Izimbali ziqukethe amacembe amane ayindilinga afinyelela ku-2 cm ubude, athambeka ngokuzumayo emarigolds futhi aqhathanise kahle nezitamu phakathi enkabeni nasezintabeni. Ngenxa yokushintsha kombala ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokuqhakaza, izimbali zinikeza ukuncoma ukugcwala kwama-orange shades kusuka ezitini kuya cishe ophuzi. Isitshalo sibonakala sibonisa iphalethi yonke yamathoni e-acrylic e-orange. Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziyisisekelo, kunezinhlobonhlobo futhi kuxutshwa ngombala onsundu, wegolide, owenziwe i-carmine, i-burgundy, iwayini, upinki, imibala ye-pearl ("Bedder" "Riesen-Goliath-Lack", "Goldkleid" "Golgkonig", "Tom Thumb", njll.) Lapho ikhule njengonyaka, iqhakaza izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba, ezindaweni ezifudumele, ama-jaundices angama-perennial aqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

UJaundice Marshallsaziwa njenge-Allioni hybrid (I-Erysimum marschallianum, ngaphambili eyayi-erysimum x allionii) isitshalo esihle kakhulu sama-hybrid nawo sikhula njengesitshalo sonyaka noma se-biennial. Ngaphandle, kufana kakhulu nokukhazimula kweChery, umbala wezimbali zawo kuphela osobala, i-apricot-orange, kanye nama-inflorescences wona ngokwawo aqhamukela kwizambulela kancane kancane lapho engena kuqhuma.

I-orange yellowness, noma jaundice kaPerovsky (I-Erysimum perofskianum) - evame kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-yellifer nezinhlobonhlobo zonyaka ezithandwa kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo se-herbaceous esinamahlumela aqondile asuka ezansi kwesihlahla, singedluli kuma-40 cm, sivame ukukhawulelwa ngokuphelele emiqamelweni cishe ngo-20 cm. Amacembe amancanyana amade ajwayelekile kuwo wonke ama-ict, adala umugqa omnyama kakhulu. Izimbali ezilula ze-Nondescript ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescences abunjwe ngesambulela eziqongweni zeziqu. Ukuziqhenya okuyinhloko kwalolu hlobo ngumbala ophuzi we-safroni ophuzi, obonakala engelutho.

I-icteric iwolintshi, noma iPerovsky's icteric "Gold Shot" (Erysimum perofskianum). © oakcodge

Akuvamile pallas jaundice, noma I-Redovsky (I-Erysimum redowskii), ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo futhi kufa ngemuva kwenkathi eyodwa kaMay yokuqhakaza. Isitshalo esihle futhi esihle se-seroliferous esinamaqabunga amfishane aqondile, ama-compact bush kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-20 cm ukuphakama nama-inflorescence ambalwa aphuzi.

Izitshalo zasendulo azihlali isikhathi eside ikakhulukazi, izihlahla zidinga ukuvuselelwa njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa kakhulu zifaka:

lilac i-jaundice hybrid (I-Erysimum hybridum), evame ukwethulwa njengesihlanganisela esihlukile "i-Bowles Mauve", isitshalo esingapheli, esinamandla esifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama ngama-grey greens, amahlumela anezimbali, sikhula njengezihlahlana futhi siqhakaza kulo lonke ihlobo (hardness yasebusika lifinyelela ku--18 degrees);
ukhilimu othambilejaundice Altai, noma jaundice low (I-Rysimum altaicum) - Okukhula ngokuqhakaza kube ngu-10 kuya ku-70 cm ezineziqu ezingashintshiwe, ezinamaqabunga aqondile kanye nezimbali ezintekenteke eziphuzi;
jaundice alpine (I-Erysimum alpinumnamuhla uzibuyisile Ukuthandana okuncane noma turret - i-turritis brica), i-compact perennial enobude obungaba ngu-10-15 cm ngezimbali ezingaphezu kwesentimitha, iphunga elinamandla kakhulu nemifino emnyama. Lezi zinhlobo ziyaqhakaza ngoMeyi, ngaphezu kwefomu eliyisisekelo, kunezinhlobonhlobo zokhilimu nama-lilac;
futhi ephansi dwarfish icteric (I-Erysimum pumilum) enamaqabunga ansundu, amancanyana kakhulu, akhula ngohlobo lomcamelo obanzi, ahehe ukunaka ngezimbali ezinamakha ezikhiqiza ulwelwesi olungathi lusakazeke esihlahleni ngama-sequins;
mude kakhulu - kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-30 cm - jaundice enhle, noma muhle (I-Erysimum pulchellum), enamahlumela anamagatsha amaningi acindezelwe emhlabathini, Kwangathi kuqhakaza izimbali, amaqabunga ama-pubescent lanceolate nezimbali zegolide-orange kumabhulashi amancane we-inflorescence.

Ekubunjweni kwengadi, i-jaundice iyasetshenziswa:

njengesinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu zezingoma ezimibalabala nezichazayo, kufaka phakathi imingcele, imibhede yezimbali, kanye ne-rabatok;
ukuthola amabala anemibala egqamile, ukuqhuma kwemibala egqamile;
ukudala amabala akhanyayo afaka utshani;
emibhedeni yezimbali nezaphulelo;
njengesitshalo sezindawo zokuthungwa;
emingcwabeni yokubumbana;
iziqhingi zezimbali nokutshala emibhedeni yezimbali ezungeze indawo yokuzilibazisa nethala;
ezindaweni zamadwala nasezingadini zamadwala;
njengomlingani wokufa ngokushesha kwentwasahlobo ama-accents (uvala ngokuphelele ama-voids kanye namahlamvu abolile);
njengesiko elibunjwe kahle le-gimbal frame, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ungathokozela khona iphunga eliseduze;
endimeni ye-mellifer.

Abalingani abahle kakhulu be-icteric: ukhohlwa-me-nots, ama-daisies, ama-pansies, i-lavender, i-poppies, i-sage, i-Veronica, i-calendula, i-anemones, ama-tulips, ama-marigolds.

I-Lacfiol, i-wallflower noma i-yellowness Chery (i-Erysimum cheiri). © David Monniaux

Izimo Ezidingwa nguJaundice

Akunandaba noma ungakanani ngisho nokuphila isikhathi eside, wonke ama-icterics afana kakhulu ngokuya ngezimo ezikhulayo. Lezi ngamasiko athanda ilanga, ngeke esabe ngisho nemithambeka esekwe eningizimu yamagquma ase-alpine nezindawo ezishisayo ezingaphandle kwengadi.

I-jaundice engaphenduki futhi emhlabathini. Bancamela ukukhula endaweni enenhlabathi eyindilinga, enesihlabathi esinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-humus ne-organic, ephakathi nendawo. Zizwa zizinhle zombili emhlabathini omile naphakathi nendawo. Ukuswakama kanye nomswakama ophezulu awukwazi ukuma, kanye nenhlabathi eminyene, lapho ukunganele khona kwamanzi kungaholela ekuqongeleleni ngokweqile komswakama emva kwezulu.

Ukutshala i-jaundice

AmaJaundice adumisa inhlabathi enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-humus ne-humus. Ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini engadini, ama-humus nomanyolo oxutshwe, kepha awenzi umanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali - asetshenziswa kangcono ngaphambi kokuqhakaza.

Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla lisukela ku-15 liye ku-30 cm. Ngemuva kokutshala, ukuthambisa okuhlanzekile kuyenziwa.

I-Dwarfish icteric (i-Erysimum pumilum). © iqembu lemvelo

Ukunakekela i-jaundice engadini

Ukunisela lezi sitshalo akudingekile, kodwa baphendula ngokubonga ku-hydration eyengeziwe ngesikhathi sesomiso isikhathi eside sentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi yokunisela, kubalulekile ukuthi ungafaki amaqabunga nezisekelo zezihlumela.

UJaundice uzodinga ukugqoka okukodwa okuphezulu. Umanyolo ophelele wamaminerali usetshenziselwa isitshalo hhayi esiteji sokutshala, kodwa uhlanganiswe emanzini okunisela ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Umanyolo onjalo wanele ama-icterics wesizini yonke.

Isidingo sokhula ingasuswa ngokuhlanganisa umhlabathi.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, wonke ama-jaundices ase-perennial anqunywe kangcono. Izihlahla ngaphandle kokuthena, njengesembozo somhlabathi wasentwasahlobo, imithambeka ukuze zihlukane, ukulahleka kokuqina kanye nobuningi, kube yinto edonsayo futhi kungazihlobisi kakhulu. Kepha uma usika amahlumela, lesi sitshalo sizobuyisela umcamelo onamandla wokuhlaza okotshani bese sihlobisa imibhede yezimbali kanye nama-perennials ngesakhiwo esithandekayo sombala we-emerald kuze kube kuphela isizini. Akesabi ama-haircuts kanye ne-jaundice ehlala isikhashana.

Ngokwesiko lesitsha, ukunisela ngenkambiso kuyadingeka, kepha ngomiswa kwe-substrate phakathi kwezinqubo, kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu okuvama amasonto ama-3-4.

Ubusika be-jaundice

Izitshalo ezineminyaka emibili ubudala nezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ubusika, ngoba wonke ama-icters awahlukaniswa yi-hardness yasebusika ephezulu. Ama-biennials amancane okuqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo nama-perennials noma kuphi ebusika ahlanganiswe ngamahlamvu owomile noma ezinye izinto zezitshalo, bese embozwa ngamagatsha akhula ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi.

Kepha nezinhlobo zaminyaka yonke azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi zingabandisi ukubanda. Izitshalo zikubekezelela ngokuphelele ukwehla kwamazinga okushisa we -33C. Amafrimu wesikhathi esifushane awayeki ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo nasezinhlotsheni zonyaka.

Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo

IJaundice ingabizwa ngokuthi isiko elihlaselayo okungenzeka lihlaselwe, uma kungenjalo ngokuzinza kwalo ekuvinjelweni kwamanzi: ekunciphiseni okuncane, zombili izinhlobo zehlobo kanye nezikhathi zonyaka zihlushwa ukubola futhi zibe sengozini yezifo zokukhunta. Ukugqwala okumhlophe kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kwi-jaundice yeChery: izitshalo ezithintekayo kufanele zichithwe ngokushesha.

Ukushicilelwa kwe-jaundice

Indlela elula kunazo zonke yokuzalwa kwanoma iyiphi i-icteric ibhekwa njengembewu. Izitshalo ezingama-perennial kuphela ezisakazeka ngokuhlanzayo, futhi lokho kuyaqabukela. Imbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka engama-3-4, kepha kungcono ukuyisebenzisa isha.

I-jaundice yonyaka ingatholakala bobabili ngendlela yokutshala, nangokuhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini. Endabeni yokugcina, izilimo zenziwa entwasahlobo (ngoMeyi) noma ebusika. Kwizithombo, i-jaundice ihlwanyelwa ngokuya ngenqubo ejwayelekile, ukumboza kancane ngomhlabathi futhi kuvikela izitshalo ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Imbewu izokhula ngamazinga okushisa angaba yi-1 degrees, inqubo yokuvela kwezithombo ithatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto eli-1. Izithombo emhlabathini ziklanywa ngaphandle, kushiya ibanga elingama-15-20 cm phakathi kwezitshalo.Izithombo ziyadonswa lapho kuvela isibili lamaqabunga eqiniso ezitsheni ngazinye noma ezitsheni ezinkulu ezinobude obufanayo phakathi kwamahlumela. Idluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngoMeyi-Juni. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-jaundice yonyaka iqhakaza ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu.

I-Biennial jaundice ikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ngokutshala ngqo endaweni lapho kulinywe khona. Lesi sitshalo sihlwanyelwa ngokushesha nje lapho izinsongo zamaqhwa zinyamalala ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni, kodwa ngomucu ophakathi nendawo kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukuhlwanyelwa kuze kube nguJulayi. Ukutshala ubusika kuvame ukuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kuphela ngemuva kwesizini eyodwa: ngonyaka olandelayo zimane zikhule, ziqhakaze kuphela entwasahlobo yesibili. Kungenzeka ukukhulisa izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo ngokusebenzisa izithombo, ukuhlwanyela ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni, nokufaka okunye endaweni yomhlabathi ngoSepthemba (inzuzo enkulu ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukugcina izithombo ezincane emhlabathini ehlobo kunezithombo). Ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali nokuphothula izithelo, ama-biennials kanye nonyaka avele afe.

Ama-jaundices ama-perennial nawo asatshalaliswa ngokuhlwanyelwa kwentwasahlobo imbewu noma ukuhlwanyela ngaphambi kobusika emigudwini ye-seedling (adluliselwa endaweni engapheli kuphela emva kobusika bokuqala obuphumelelayo) noma ngokusika kwe-cuttings ehlobo.