Noma ngabe uluhlobo luni lokuthena ama-roses olwenzayo (ukuvimbela, ukunciphisa, ukugoqa noma ukuvuselela), kumele ukwenze lokhu ngokuhambisana nemithetho ethile ukuze ungalimazi izitshalo. Isikhathi ngasinye, izidingo zokukhulisa ama-roses zihluka kancane, kepha kukhona okuhlinzekwayo okujwayelekile okufanele kuqashelwe. Uzofunda ngezinto eziphambili ezansi.
Ungasika nini ama-roses nezinhlobo zokuthena kwentwasahlobo (ngesithombe)
Izihlahla kungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile kwezolimo zokukhula kwama roses. Izitshalo zomhlobiso, ubukhazikhazi bezimbali zabo, ubukhulu bomonakalo ngezilokazane nezifo, futhi, ekugcineni, ukuqina kuncike ekuthenini.
Eqenjini ngalinye kunemithetho ethize yama-runun wokuthena izihlahla, kepha kukhona okuhlinzekwayo okujwayelekile okwenzeka kuwo wonke amaqembu kuya kwelinye izinga noma kwelinye.
Kunini lapho kungcono ukusika ama-roses nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani kahle? Entwasahlobo, izihlahla zama roses zenziwa ngokuqhakaza, ehlobo - zokuqhakaza okuphindaphindiwe nokugcina isimo sesihlahla. Ukuthenwa kwe-Autumn kwama roses kwenzelwa ukukhosela ebusika.
Kunezinhlobo ezine zokuthena ama-rose kwentwasahlobo: ukuvikela, ukuncipha, ukubumba kabusha nokuvuselela.
Isihlahla sokuvimbela senziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuqeda izifo zokukhunta.
Ntwasahlobo Ngemuva kokususa indawo yokukhosela, lapho ukuvuvukala kwezihlumela kubonakale kahle, ukuthambisa izihlahla kuyenziwa. Kuqukethe ukususwa kwamagatsha afayo futhi angenasidingo kanye namahlumela ezingabalulekile kwezimbali. Njengomphumela wokususa amahlumela ngokweqile, lesi sitshalo sizothumela izakhamzimba eziningi kulezo amahlumela angazisebenzisa ngempumelelo enkulu yokuqhakaza.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukunqamulela amahlumela okusele nakho kwenziwa ukuze kuvuse ama-buds aphansi anikeza ukuqhakaza ukukhula. Kulokhu, sinika amandla lesi sitshalo ukuqondisa izakhi ekwakhiweni kwezimbali ukufeza ikhwalithi yazo ephezulu.
Izingxenye kufanele zimbozwe ngokushesha nge-varnish yengadi, khona-ke umswakama ngeke uhlale phezu kwawo, ubungozi bokungenwa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene ngamanxeba amasha uzokwehliswa.
Ungawuthena kanjani ama-roses ukuze ungalimazi izihlahla? Lapho usebenza, gwema ukuthopha futhi ulimaze izicubu zezitshalo, ungavumeli amagxolo ukuba aphule.
Ukuthena okunemichilo kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kususwa amahlumela amadala ngokukhula okulinganiselwe namagatsha akhula ngaphakathi kwesihlahla. Ukuthena kukhuthaza ukuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukuvuselela izihlahla ezindala zepaki kanye nama roses akhuphukayo.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokwenza ukutshala: eqinile, ephakathi nendawo futhi engenamandla. Ngokuthena okunamandla, ama-buds athuthuke kahle we-1-2 ashiywe ekuhlungwini, ngesilinganiso esingu-3-6, ngesihlahla esingenamandla, kuphela izihloko zamahlumela zisuswa.
Njengomthetho, izihlahla eziqinile zisetshenziselwa ama-polyanthus nama roses amancane, aphakathi nendawo - kwetiye le-hybrid, amaqembu e-floribunda ne-grandiflora, abuthakathaka - kwepaki kanye nama-rose akhuphukayo.
Bheka isithombe - lapho izihlahla zemithi zasentwasahlobo zikhula, kubalulekile ukubheka ukwakheka kwesihlahla kanye namajikijolo, okuzovela kuwo amahlumela amasha:
Izinso kufanele zibukeke ngaphandle, khona-ke isihlahla sizoba sihle futhi singabhideki enkabeni, sizolimala kancane, ngoba sikhanya kahle yilanga futhi sishaywa wumoya.
Khumbula, okokuqala, amagatsha awomile, awonakele futhi acashile ayasuswa, kusale amahlumela ambalwa amahle nje kuphela. Zifushaniswa ezinsweni ze-3, 4th noma 5th. Umphumela kufanele ube iziqu kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-25 cm ubude.
Iningi lezinhlobo ezikhuliswa abalimi zidinga ukuthathwa okufushane. Babekezelela ukuthenwa kanzima ngaphandle kokulimala empilweni yabo.
Izinhlobo zetiye ze-Hybrid zithathwa ukuthungwa okufushane - i-polyanthus enezimbali ezincane nezinamagama amakhulu nezinye izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwamanye amaqembu.
Ukusika okuphakathi nendawo okufushane kwanele ukulungisa izinhlobo (ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezikhula ziphansi, ezibuye zinqamule) kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-tea-hybrid ezinamandla namanye amaqembu.
Lapho wenza izihlahla zasentwasahlobo zama roses azo zonke izinhlobo, ukuthothana kwezihlahla kuphoqelekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, amahlumela abuthakathaka, aphambili (agobeke ngokwemvelo), amahlumela aphukile, afa, kanye nezimpawu zezifo noma ukulimala kwezinambuzane, asuswa ngokuphelele. Banqunywa phansi impela, ngaphandle kokushiya iziqu. Iziqu ezilimele ziyanqotshwa kwezicubu ezinempilo (ezinomsuka omhlophe).
Masinyane ngemuva kokuthena kwentwasahlobo, ukufafaza nge-prophylactic kusuka ezinambuzaneni kwenziwa uma izinso zilele, nge-zethusi noma nge-iron sulfate (100-150 g nge-10 l lamanzi), uma amafomu ohlobo oluhlaza (ama-buds aqale ukukhula) - 1% u-Bordeaux ketshezi noma esikhundleni sawo (" Abiga Peak, Oxychom, Copper oxechloride, njll).
Ividiyo "Izimbali zokuthena ehlobo" izokusiza uqonde kangcono ubuchwepheshe bokwenza inqubo:
Sika ama-roses ekuthengeni kwehlobo
Ihlobo Wonke ama-roses athambekele ekukhuleni amahlumela amaningi abuthakathaka. Phakathi kwazo kukhona "izimpumputhe", ezingathandi imbali. Ukushiya wonke amahlumela esihlahleni ehlobo akunamsebenzi futhi kuyingozi, ngoba kuholela ekuqineni ngokweqile kwesihlahla. Kuyadingeka ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukusika kukhala (isisekelo) amahlumela aqondiswe ehlathini, athuthukisiwe futhi "uyimpumputhe."
Uma okuthiwa ihlumela eliyimpumputhe linqunywe phezu kweqabunga eliseduze lapho kuneso elinempilo khona, ihlumela elisha elikwazi ukuqhakaza kamuva liyokhula kulo.
Okulandelayo, hlanza ama-rose ehlobo, kuya ngezinhloso owakhulisa ngazo ama-roses: umhlobiso wezimbali wensimu noma igceke lehlobo lekhishi noma ukuthola izimbali ongazithengisa zokusika.
Amarowu kusiki:
- Emhlabathini ovulekile: akufanele usike izimbali ezingaphezu kwesibili esihlahleni esisodwa ngasikhathi sinye ukuze ungasinciphisi isitshalo. Ukuqhakaza kwezihlahla kanye nekhwalithi yezimbali kuncike ngqo ekutheni ukusikwa kwenziwa kahle kangakanani. Awukwazi ukunqamula ngasikhathi sinye izimbali eziningi ngaphezulu kwesihlahla. Esisekelweni se-peduncle, kufanele kufakwe amahlandla angama-2-2 bese kusikwa kufanele kwenziwe phezu kwegabha elakhiwe kahle libheke ngaphandle. Lapho-ke singathemba ukuqala kabusha okusheshayo kokukhula kwezimbali okuphindaphindwe kabili.
- Awukwazi ukusika izimbali kusuka ezihlahleni ezincane zonyaka owodwa, kanye nasezitshalweni ezibuthakathaka noma ezinesifo.
- Ukusika ama-roses isikhathi eside ukugcina okusha ku-vase, kungcono ukuwasika ekuseni noma kusihlwa; ama-roses anqunywe phakathi nosuku aphela ngokushesha.
- Sika iziqu nge-secateurs ebukhali ngokungacacile; amanzi amaningi angena esiqwini nge-oblique cut, esiza ukwelula impilo yawo ku-cut.
- Sika ama-rose ehlobo ngemidumba enemibala; entwasahlobo nasehlobo, amahlamvu aqukethe amacembe angaphandle agobile asikiwe (cishe phakathi nendawo).
- Izinhlobonhlobo zama-roses anembali ebunjiwe ye-goblet ayanqunywa lapho amacembe evula kancane, umbala usevele uvele, kepha ihlumela lisaqinile.
- Izinhlobo eziminyene zigawulwa lapho ama-buds ecishe aqhuma ukuqhakaza, kanti amacembe asatshalaliswa kancane; uma zinqunywe ekuqaleni, zincibilika kahle emanzini, zilahlekelwe umbala wazo (ziphenduke zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) bese zinyamalala ngokushesha.
- Ama-roses wokusika azwela kakhulu ubumsulwa bamanzi. Amagciwane kanye nesikhunta okukuyo kuvala imithambo ezigxotsheni bese kuphumela ekulahlekelweni kwekhwalithi. Ungasabalalisa amagciwane amanzi nge-citric acid (0.5 g nge-1 litre).
- Ukulondolozwa okuhle kwama roses ku-vase, ingxenye engezansi yeziqu isulwa amaqabunga okungenani ama-10 cm. Ama-spikes awanconywa ukuthi asuswe - lokhu kunciphisa ikhwalithi yezimbali, kufinyeza impilo yazo.
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwamanzi nge-citric acid kuzothuthukisa impilo yama-roses ku-vase. Iwusizo kulokhu: ucezu kashukela, ithebhulethi ye-aspirin, isixazululo esimbala sipinki se-potanganum permanganate noma ucezu lwamalahle.
Izinhlobo eziningi zetiye lama-hybrid roses akha ama-buds amaningana amahlumela. Ukuthola imbali enkulu yokusikwa, kusala ihlumela elilodwa kuphela, elithuthukisiwe kakhuluiloyo eliphakathi nendawo, abanye bayasuswa. Isihlahla esikhanyayo nesiqhakaza isikhathi eside siyophuma uma ungathinti ama-buds akuwo, futhi ususe kuphela izimbali eziphelayo, eziqhakazayo nezishayayo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, khumbula ukuthi ukususwa ngokweqile kwamahlumela aqhakaza izimbali kuholela ekunciphiseni okujwayelekile kwezingxenye zezindiza, ngenxa yalokho kuphuma izimpande (i-dogrose).
Ukwakheka kwesihlahla sasendle esisekuqaleni, esiqhakaza izimbali okokuqala kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Izimbali eziqhakaza ngonyaka wokuqala kufanele zibe mincane. Ungashiyi izimbali ezingaphezu kuka-1-2 emfanelweni. Susa okusele kusigaba sokubonakala kwe-bud. Izithombo ezinezimbali kufanele zitholakale ngokuma, zishintshana ngokungaqhakaza.
Kulesi simo kuphela, ukusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kwezakhi zomzimba kutholakala futhi, ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokufana kwesihlahla.
Imithetho yeroses yokuthena izihlahla
I-Autumn Njengoba iningi lama roses ebusika kufanele limbozwe (ngaphandle kwesembozo somhlaba nepaki), izihlahla zemithi zasekwindla ziyancishiswa zibe mfushane futhi zisuse ingxenye yamahlumela ukuze kufakwe indawo yokukhosela ngaphezulu kwezihlahla.
Ungawuthena kanjani ama-roses ekwindla, uma ebusika unquma ukuzikhawulela kuphela ekuwabeni? Amagatsha amade asadinga ukusikwa, kungashiyi-40-45 cm. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iqhwa elimanzi noma i-icing kungadala ukuthi izihlahla ziqhekeke (zihlukane) phansi.
