Umuntu ngamunye ohlala ehlobo otshala imifino nezithelo nezithelo zom berry esakhiweni sakhe siqu wazi okuningi ngamanyolo, okufanele asetshenziswe ngenxa yokuthola isivuno esiphakeme kakhulu. Phakathi kweqembu lomanyolo wokuzilungiselela nokuzikhiqiza kwezimboni, umanyolo we-nitrogen unesithakazelo esithile. I-nitrojeni kaningi ayanele ezitshalweni eziningi zokuthuthuka kwezitshalo ezigcwele kanye nokwenza kahle izithelo.
Enye yamanyolo ethandwa kakhulu e-nitrogen yi-urea. Lona okuthiwa yi-urea phakathi kwabantu, uqukethe amaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu i-nitrogen ekwakhiweni kwayo. Indlela yamakhemikhali ye-urea imi ngale ndlela elandelayo.
Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengomanyolo ogxile kakhulu ku-arcane yomkhakha wamakhemikhali.
I-Urea ihlala ikhiqizwa ngesimo segranular. Ukufakwa kwemiganu etholwayo ezimweni eziningi kuyahlukahluka, ngoba imithamo esetshenziswayo ihlala ibalwa kusuka ezindaweni zomhlabathi. Uma umanyolo we-nitrogen usebenza ekotishi lasehlobo, khona-ke ungathenga ukupakishwa kwekhilogremu elilodwa noma amathathu.
Uma insimu yonke iyalinywa, kungakuhle-ke ukuthenga i-urea ngezikhwama zepulasitiki.
Umanyolo urea uyinto enzima kunazo zonke esakhiweni, engakwazi ukudonsa umswakama ngokweqile kusuka emvelweni, futhi ngenxa yalokho inempilo ende eshalofini, izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ihlakazeka kahle ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Izinzuzo eziphambili zokusetshenziswa kwe-urea:
- Umanyolo we-nitrogen unempahla yokulawula ukukhula kwesisindo semifino yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo;
- ukwethulwa kwe-urea ngesikhathi sokutshala izilimo zokusanhlamvu kukhulisa okuqukethwe ngamaprotheni kanye ne-gluten kwisivuno sokusanhlamvu okuholelwayo;
- isivuno esikhulu sazo zonke izilimo ngokuqondile sincike kokuqukethwe okwanele kwe-naitrojeni emhlabathini lapho zikhuliselwe khona.
Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwe-urea
Uma ufuna ukufaka umanyolo enhlabathini nganoma yimuphi umanyolo, ngaso sonke isikhathi kudingeka wazi isilinganiso sokufaka isicelo ukuze ungalimazi, kodwa kunalokho wakhe izimo ezithandeka kakhulu zokukhula nokukhula kwezitshalo ezitshaliwe noma ezitshaliwe.
I-Urea njengomanyolo ingasetjenziswa ngohlobo lwe-granular noma ngefomu le-liquid elincibilikile.
Izinga lesicelo se-urea lezilimo ezihlukile lihlukile, lokhu okulandelayo amanani entengo ngaphambi kokutshala:
- udlwenguliwe, ibhali, ukolweni, i-rye - amakhilogremu amabili ngamamitha skwele endawo yendawo ezayo ehlwanyelwe;
- amazambane, ifolishi noshukela beet - amakhilogremu amabili ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu;
- u-anyanisi, utamatisi, izaqathe kanye neklabishi - amagremu angamashumi amabili nantathu ngemitha yesikwere yendawo ehlwanyelwe.
Ukuze ukondle futhi unake izitshalo esezitshaliwe, kuzosebenza imigomo elandelayo:
- okwe-rye, edlwenguliwe, kakolweni nebhali, i-urea yekhilogremu eyodwa nengxenye yezingxenye eziyikhulu;
- zokudla okwenziwe ngamabhungane noshukela, kanye namazambane - ikilo elilodwa nohhafu ngamamitha skwele ayikhulu;
- for ummbila, izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla - izihlahla eziyishumi ngemitha yesikwele.
Ukondla ama-rose ama-rose kanye nezithombo zemifino, kuthathwa isixazululo esikhethekile nokuqukethwe kwezilinganiso ezinjalo: amagremu angama-90 e-urea ancibilikiswa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi abandayo.
Iphuzu eliyinhloko lapho wenza umanyolo wenhlabathi ukungawudli ngokweqile ngenani le-nitrogen, ngoba ukweqisa kungathinta kabi izithombo nezithombo eseziqalile.
Kufanele wazi ukuthi umanyolo we-urea nitrogen kufanele ufakwe emhlabathini, ngoba ukuphendula kwamakhemikhali wezinto ze-urea ngamabhaktheriya enhlabathi kushesha, i-urea esikhathini esifushane iphenduka i-ammonium, ekhuphuka ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi lokhu kubangela ukulahleka kwe-nitrogen, okudingeka kakhulu enhlabathini ukuze unikeze izitshalo ngezinto eziwusizo.
Uma ukuphinda kwenziwa kabusha kwenziwa ngendlela yokusabalalisa izimbiza ngesandla noma ngendlela esetshenzisiwe, khona-ke ngemuva kokuphikisana okucindezelayo kufanele kwenziwe.
I-Urea imvamisa yiphutha le-saltpeter. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungamanyolo ahlukile ngesakhiwo. I-nitrate ayimelani kangako nezimo ezinomswakama, ngenkathi i-urea ifeza kahle injongo yayo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi - eyomile futhi emanzi kakhulu.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokufaka isicelo, i-urea iziveza njengomanyolo we-alkaline, ewusizo kakhulu kumhlabathi one-acidic kanye ne-acidic kancane.
Umanyolo weNitrogen owethulwe enhlabathini ungamunwa ngokuphelele izitshalo ezikhulayo, futhi ungahlala futhi ungamaphesenti athile enhlabathini, noma kunjalo, ngokuba kuwo, i-urea ayiguquki ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali futhi inomphumela omuhle ekutshalweni kwezitshalo okulandelayo.
I-Urea ithembeke kakhulu emiphumeleni yamahlamvu kanye namahlumela, ayikwazi ukushisa izitshalo ezinjenge-nitrate, ngakho-ke kusebenza kokubili ekucutshungweni kwangaphandle kwezitshalo nasekugqokeni kwezimpande.
