Amaqabunga amakhulu e-rafidophore amakhulu futhi ahlaba umxhwele ahlala kuma-petioles aminyene futhi abonakala emkhulu kakhulu. Kodwa i-liana ngokwayo ibonakala inganamandla nakancane. Lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo esinamaqabunga e-cirrus sihle kakhulu njenge-treetop futhi ekubukeni kwezindonga ezindongeni, lesi sitshalo sesibe yinto yangempela eminyakeni yamuva. IRafidofora akuyona imvini elula ukuyinakekela. Ukunisela kanye nomswakama womoya kubalulekile kuye, kepha izimo, kunalokho, kulula kakhulu ukukhetha kuzo: i-raffidophore kunjengokungathi yenzelwe ukutshala ezindlini zokuhlala.
I-Rafidofora - i-liana yangaphakathi yendlu engadini.
I-Rafidofora - umvini omkhulu onamalengiso hhayi owawo wonke umuntu
Phakathi kwemivini enamaqabunga ahlaba umxhwele, i-raffidophora akuyona intandokazi esobala. Lesi sitshalo sivame kakhulu ukuqhathaniswa nama-ficus kanye nezilo, kodwa isimo "sesiko akusilo esawo wonke umuntu" asisuki ebuhleni bale nkanyezi yase-Asia.
AmaRafidophores angamakhompiyutha asekuqaleni, amaqabunga awo ahlaba umxhwele anikeza ihlathi elikhethekile emahlathini ashisayo aseMalaysia naseNdiya, yize lesi sitshalo sikhona ngokwemvelo hhayi e-Asia kuphela. AmaRafidophores akhula e-Afrika nase-Australia kanye neNew Zealand; atholakala kuzo zonke iziqhingi zase-Oceania.
Ekubukeni kokuqala kulokhu, noma kungenjalo okwangempela kakhulu, kepha hhayi isitshalo esijwayelekile, kunomuzwa wesimo esikhethekile. Amaqabunga e-tropical tropical raffidophora asiza ukunika i-landscaping isimo esikhethekile. Kepha lesi sitshalo sisabukeka silukhuni kunezinhlobo eziningi ezidumile.
Ama-Rafidophores amelela umndeni we-Aroid. Igama banikezwa bona njengezinhlwayi ezinjengezinaliti esiqwini sezinhlobo ezithile zalesi sitshalo (kusuka ku-Greek "inalithi yokuphatha inaliti"). Leli khwalithi ku-raffidophores yangaphakathi ayivezwanga noma lizibonakalise liseminyakeni ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Ama-Rafidophores angokwesibalo sokuphokophela kanye nama-lianas embozo womhlaba angaphenduka ngaphandle kokulawulwa abe yi-giants enkulu yangaphakathi. Inamandla, igcwele, iluhlaza okusele ngisho isencwadini yobudala obukhulu, iziqu ze-raphidophore zibonakala zithinta ubukhulu bemivini ebabazekayo.
Izindawo ezingaphakathi zesitshalo zidlulisiwe, okuvumela i-liana, naphezu kobukhulu bamaqabunga, ukuhlala kungasona isitshalo esinamandla kangako, okuthinta ukuqonda kombono wesikhala. IRafidofora ikhipha izimpande zasemoyeni kanye namaqabunga, okuthi lapho ikhule ezindongeni, igxiliswe ku-moss olumanzi, ivuse ukuqina okukhulu kakhulu.
Isici sokuhlobisa kakhulu se-Indian creeper singamaqabunga amakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukukhula zize zibe ngaphezu kwesigamu semitha ububanzi, zihlaba umxhwele ngobuhle bangaphezulu, nosayizi, nombala. E-raffidophore, amaqabunga amancane cishe ahlala egcwele, njengoba ekhula, ahlukana futhi abe ngamaqabunga e-cirrus athambile, ngesinye isikhathi esikhundleni se-lobes ngamanye, izimbobo zimane zivele kubo, ezigcizelela kuphela uhlobo olukhethekile lwesitshalo.
Uhlobo lokunwetshwa kwe-raffidophora lukhumbuza izihlahla zesundu, hhayi ukwahlukaniswa kwamaqabunga esilo. Ukwakheka kwamapuleti amaqabunga kucishe kube yindilinga noma okusaqanda, kube nobudala, amaqabunga ahlala eba nomumo wenhliziyo, eshintsha ezansi. Izingxenyana ezihlukaniswe kwisisekelo, i-lanceolate.
Amaqabunga e-Rafidophore alukhuni, anesikhumba, anombunto omnandi kakhulu womhlaba futhi oluhlaza ocebile omnyama ngombala obandayo. Amaqabunga ahlala kuma-petioles aminyene amade, ubude bawo acishe alingane nobude bamaqabunga: i-petioles yezitshalo zabantu abadala ifinyelela ku-40 cm.
Ukuqhakaza kwama-rafidophore kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-nondescript, kepha okungenani kungokwangempela futhi akukubi ukubukeka kwesitshalo nakancane. Izimbali eziminyene, ezimibalabala ezinezimbali ezi-bisexual ezifihlwe emafutheni amakhulu zibukeka zingajwayelekile futhi zigcizelela ngokuphelele ubuhle bamaqabunga.
Ukwehla kweRaphidophora (Raphidophora decursiva).
Izinhlobo zama-raffidophores okukhula emakamelweni
Emvelweni, inani lezinhlobo ze-rafidophore licishe lifinyelele kumakhulu, futhi uhlu lwazo luhlala lukhula njalo. Njengesitshalo, nesitshalo sokushisa abamba ukushisa, uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-raffidophore lusakaze - ukwehla kwe-raphidophora (I-Raphidophora decursiva) Leli liana elinamandla elinamaqabunga amakhulu ayimitha, ukubukeka kwalo kwesinye isikhathi kuqhathaniswa, kodwa akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele, elinesilo esikhulu.
Isitshalo esingandile siyabhekwa i-rafidofora igobekile noma iyimfihlo (Raphidophora korthalsii) Ihlukahluka kunhlobo ethandwa kakhulu ngama-internode afinqiwe namaqabunga anenhliziyo eyindilinga enobude obungamasentimitha angama-30 (emakamelweni ngokuvamile kunqunyelwe ku-10 cm ubukhulu). Leli yi-liana enkulu, kepha elingaphansi ngosayizi oncintisana nabambalwa abahamba ngezinsizakusebenza, elungele ukukhulisa ifomethi yodonga.
Isiqu se-Raphidophora noma i-cryptostem (Raphidophora korthalsii).
Izimo zokukhula kwe-rafidofor yangaphakathi
Ama-raffidophores angama-Photophilous azizwa enhle kakhulu kumagumbi afanayo nabanikazi bawo. Azidingi ukukhethwa kwezimo zepypical ezindlini zasemadolobheni, ngakho-ke zibhekwa njengenye yezinketho ezinhle kakhulu zangaphakathi zanamuhla. Obunye ubunzima bungabangelwa ukukhethwa kokukhanyisa, kepha ngokuvamile isitshalo sikhuthazela kakhulu kunabasincintisana nabo.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa
Naphezu kwemvelaphi yazo nemvelo engokwemvelo, ama-raffidophores ahlala emahlathini ashisayo asemakamelweni awekho nakancane. Lesi ngesinye sezinhlobo zemithombe zemivini ezizwakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezizizwa lilanga. Kuphela phakathi kwehlobo, imisebe yelanga yangemva kwelanga ingashiya ukushiswa kumapuleti amaqabunga, kepha njengoba i-rafidophor icishe ingadalulwanga kuma-sill e-windows, azikho izindlela zokuvikela ilanga ezidingekayo.
I-Rafidofora iyisitshalo esinobukhulu obukhulu, esilungele labo abadinga isitetjhi esikhulu esihlala sikhona sokuhlobisa amakamelo amakhulu. Ingasetshenziswa njengesitshalo eyedwa noma odongeni lokubuka komhlaba, ikakhulukazi uma umphumela wamathanga asehlathini, izikrini zezindawo ezishisayo zenziwa, izinketho zokuthungwa kwezimpahla ezinzima zenziwa.
Uma ikhule endaweni eyaziqhenyayo ngayo, i-rafidophor izizwa imnandi ekusekelweni. Ukubeka eduze kwefasitela ngangokunokwenzeka kuyinto enhle. Nge-rafidofora, kukhethwa amakamelo anokubekeka ngasempumalanga noma ngaseningizimu kwamafasitela.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
Ngenxa ye-thermophilicity yama-raffidophores, kulula ngaphezu kokukhetha amazinga okushisa esitshalo. Le liana ayikubekezeleli ngisho nokubanda: kungcono ukuyivikela ekwehliseni kokushisa ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-18. Kunoma yiliphi igumbi lokuhlala, likhululekile kwezokungcebeleka, leli liana lizizwa limnandi. Ukushisa okwedlulele kuthinta amaqabunga, kepha ngokunakekelwa okufanele komkhawulo wokushisa ophezulu we-rafidofora awukho.
Ama-Rafidophores awazithandi kakhulu izinguquko ezenzeka kungazelelwe ekushiseni nasekuhlaka. Lomvini awuthathwa ngaphandle komoya omusha ehlobo (kodwa, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuningi bawo).
I-Rafidofora ekukhuleni kwe-vivo.
Ukunakekelwa kweRafidophore ekhaya
Ngokungafani nezimo zokuboshwa, ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo akulula. Ama-Rafidophores adinga ukuthambisa okunembile impela kanye nomswakama ophezulu, kepha ngokuvamile, ukubanakekela kuyinto ejwayelekile kunoma iyiphi imivini yangaphakathi eshisayo.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Naphezu kwamaqabunga amakhulu, i-raphidophora ayihlanzekile ngokuphelele njengabalingani bayo abaningi basezindaweni ezishisayo. Isitshalo sesaba ukumanzi nokugcwala kwamanzi, inhlabathi ephakathi kokuphuza kufanele yome okuningana kunesendlalelo esingaphezulu. Noma ekuphakameni kwehlobo, imvamisa yokunisela iyasungulwa ngokubheka ukomiswa kwe-substrate.
I-Rafidofora ayesabi isomiso sesikhashana, kepha eyokugcina ingathinta ubuhle bemikhawulo yamaqabunga. Ebusika, i-substrate yesitshalo yoma cishe ngokuphelele, futhi inani lamanzi asetshenziselwa inqubo eyodwa liyancishiswa.
Umswakama ophakeme uyisidingo salabo abafuna ukufeza isilinganiso esihle sokukhula kanye nobuhle bamaqabunga amakhulu avela esitshalweni. Kuma-raffidophores, kungcono ukufaka njalo, futhi ehlobo, ukuvama, ukufafazwa kuhlelo lokunakekelwa. Ukuze uthole ama-lianas, ungasebenzisa izifutho ezincane kuphela uvikele ukunqwabelana kwamaconsi amanzi emaqabungeni. Ukufakwa kwama-humidifiers kudala izimo ezinhle zesitshalo.
URafidoforov uphendula kahle ngokuhlikihla njalo kwamaqabunga. Kulula ukususa uthuli kumashidi amakhulu nganoma yisiphi isipanji esimanzi. Ngalesi sikhonkolo, ikakhulukazi uma sisetshenziselwa ukudala izikrini nezindonga, ungasebenzisa ama-polishing akhethekile ukwenza amaqabunga akhanye.
Ukuze ugweme ukuguquguquka kwenhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela nge-rafidophora ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukukhulula ungqimba oluphezulu lwenkamba engaphansi, isebenza ngokucophelela.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Kuma-raffidophores, Umanyolo awusetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuncishisiwe. Zenziwa ngesigamu nge okuhlushwa aphansi futhi isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5 (kodwa ngisho nasebusika). Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesitshalo, ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya phakathi ekwindla, imvamisa yokugqoka okuphezulu kanye emavikini ama-2 ilungele ama-raffidophores. Ukuqoqwa kukamanyolo kukhethwa ngokuya ngemiyalo yomenzi.
Kuma-raffidophores, kungcono ukungasebenzisi umanyolo okhethekile wezitshalo ezihlobisa-ezi-deciduous: ukulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwendawo yonke kuphela okunganelisa ngokuphelele isidingo sesitshalo sezakhi zomsoco.
I-Rafidofora - isitshalo esinamandla futhi esikhula ngokushesha esidinga ukuthenwa njalo.
Ukugoqa nokubopha
I-Rafidofora - isitshalo esinamandla futhi esikhula ngokushesha. Ukulawula ukukhula kwayo, lesi sitshalo singathenwa ngeminyaka ebalulekile. Ukuthola umqhele okhanyayo nokumboza kothango obukhulu, imivini ivuselela ukukhula kwegatsha ngokunciphisa noma ukucindezela izihloko zezithombo.
Uma ufuna ukutshala umvini ngeshlahla esidlulayo noma ukhawulele ubude obukhulu, ungafeza izihlahla zaminyaka yonke zentwasahlobo ngesiqingatha sobude bamahlumela. Ngokulahleka kokuhlobisa, i-rafidophor ingafakwa ukuthenwa kwamakhadinali alwa nokuguga, kepha okungenani amaqabunga amabili amaqabunga kufanele ahlale kulezi ziqu.
Lapho ukufaka i-rafidophore kusekela, ukukhetha ngokucophelela kwezakhiwo kuyadingeka. Kulesi liana elisindayo, kuphela elizinzile futhi elikwazi ukumelana nobuningi bamaqabunga ezigxobo noma izakhiwo ezakhiwe kuzokwenza. Izindawo eziqinile zesisekeli kufanele zivikelwe nge-moss noma i-twine, i-sisal noma i-coating yokuhlobisa.
Transplant kanye substrate
I-Rafidofora ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ikhula ngezimpande futhi ikwazi ukwengeza isakhi esisesincane isencane ngezinga lokuthi ingadinga hhayi eyodwa kodwa ezimbili ukufakelwa ngonyaka. Ngisho nezitshalo ezindala zivame ukuthuthwa okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3.
Kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugxila kwizinga lokuthuthuka kwe-substrate, ukuba khona kwezimpawu zokugcwaliswa ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokufakelwa izihlahla kusentwasahlobo yokuqala, kepha uma kunesidingo, ungakhipha i-rafidofora ngisho nasehlobo noma ekuqaleni kokuwa.
Ngalesi sikhonkolo sebenzisa izingxube zomhlaba ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Isiza esithengiwe esinezinkomba ezinhle zokukhululeka kanye nokudla, kanye nokuhlanganiswa komhlaba okwenziwe (ngokwesibonelo, kusuka ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zenhlabathi enamaqabunga, humus kanye ne-peat ngokufakwa kwesihlabathi esivulekile noma izinto zokufaka). Uma kungenzeka, kwesitshalo, ungathenga isendlalelo esikhethekile semivini yangaphakathi noma i-Aroid.
Ama-Rafidophors asaba ukuxhumana nezimpande zawo. Kuyingozi kakhulu ukulimala kwezimpande ezincane ezingaphansi. Lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa kwelinye, sizama ukungabhubhisi udaka lobumba. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-rafidophore idinga umswakama omningi womoya kanye nomswakama womhlabathi okhanyayo. Ukukhanyisa akufanele kube kukhanya kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kuqalelwa kabusha ngokuqala kokugqoka okuphezulu.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga ezikhulayo
Ama-rafidophores angathinteka kakhulu yizilokazane ezisakazeka emoyeni owomile. Zivame ukuheha izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikali, ama-aphid, izimbuzane zesicabucabu kanye nezimbungulu ezivamile. Izinambuzane kuma-rafidophores zilawulwa ngama-insecticides nangokuhlanza amaqabunga ngamanzi anensipho.
Izinkinga ezivamile ekukhuleni kwama-raffidophores:
- ukuqothuka kwamaqabunga nge-shading eqinile;
- i-petioles elongation ekukhanyeni okuphansi;
- amabala amaqabunga elangeni ngqo;
- kuphuzi nokushiswa kwamaqabunga ngomswakama wenhlabathi;
- ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama nokusomiswa kwamaqabunga anokuqukethwe okubandayo nokungazweli.
I-Rafidofora ezimweni zasekamelweni izala kuphela ngokuhlanzayo.
Ukuzala kabusha kweRaffidophore
Ngefomethi yekamelo, i-raffidophora isatshalaliswa kuphela ngotshani, okhulisa izitshalo ezintsha kusuka kokusikwa. Kwabasikiwe, ukusikwa kweziqu ezingobukhulu obukhulu ngokwanele - bayasikwa kube ngamasentimitha angama-20, bese kusikwa okuhlanganisiwe ekugcineni okuphelele futhi kungaba nempande ye-aires noma ngeso (inhlamvu elilodwa lanele).
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kusixazululo se-accelerator ye-rooting, ukusikeka kufanele kutshalwe endaweni engaphansi kwesihlabathi nesiqingatha somhlabathi ojwayelekile we-rafidofor. Izitshalo zingcwatshwa ekhoneni, zimbozwe ngokushesha nge-cap futhi zigcine umswakama ozinzile ngokufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile nomoya.
Ukususa amahlumela we-rafidophora, kuyadingeka ukunikeza indawo eshisayo - izinga lokushisa elingama-degree angama-26- 28 (ukushisa okuphansi kuphelele). Ngokwesilinganiso, ukhula lwenqanaba kuthatha izinyanga ezi-2. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, izitshalo zitshalwa ezitsheni ngazinye.
