IGerbera isitshalo esi-herbaceous emndenini wakwa-Astrov eza kithi evela eNingizimu Afrika. Kutholwe usosayensi waseDashi uJan Gronovius ngonyaka we-1717. Ibizwe ngudokotela waseGerman uGerber. Yathola ukuthandwa okuthile ngemuva kokutholwa kukaRobert Jameson wezinhlobo, manje esiqanjwe ngaye.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Emvelweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa ezinhlobo zayo, kepha azisetshenziswa neze abalimi. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-gerbera jameson kanye ne-gerbera greenleaf.
Lezi zinhlobo ziyisisekelo sezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamasayizi ahlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi i-4 kuye ku-15 cm) nemibala (ngaphandle kwesibhakabhaka) (cishe zonke izinhlobo ezikhulayo yi-gerbera e-hybrid, etholakala ezinhlotsheni zeJameson neqabunga eliluhlaza).
URosalin noLancaster yiPingi Gerberas.
U-Alice, Sympathy, Mirage, Rudite - U-Orange Gerberas.
UTamara, u-Elegans, uGelios - uGerberas ophuzi.
IGerbera Revolution iyinhlobonhlobo entsha - ikhula ngokushesha futhi ukuqhakaza isikhathi eside, yayizalelwa ikakhulu ukuzalaniswa kwasendlini. Lapho bethi gebrera yangaphakathi, zisho izinhlobo ezikhula kancane.
Ukunakekelwa kwegumbi laseGerbera ekhaya
Ukunakekela izinhlobo ezahlukene kuyafana, kepha ukunakekela ngokujwayelekile kunezinkinga zako, ngakho-ke kufanele wazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-gerbera. Lezi zimbali zidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha zivikele elangeni eliqondile. Entwasahlobo, izitshalo zingagcinwa kuvulandi okhanyayo, kanti ehlobo kutshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Nikeza ukukhanya okwengeziwe ebusika.
Izimbali zihlobene ngqo nokukhanyisa. Yize imbali inezithombe eziningi, amanani amaningi ngokweqile angaphazamisa ukuqhakaza. Lezi zimbali zidinga ukuthi zibe nesikhathi esingamahora ayi-12 sasemini. Yingakho izimbali eziningi kangaka zibonwa ekwindla. Ngokukhanya kokufakelwa, ungafinyelela izimbali ebusika. Ihlobo isikhathi sokuthula - azikho izinso ezakhiwa, isisindo esiluhlaza siyathola.
Uma i-gerbera ingaqhakaza, lapho-ke uye waya kakhulu kumanyolo noma watshala ebhodweni elikhudlwana kunalokho okudingayo nawo wonke amabutho ezitshalo adingekayo ekuqhakazeni hamba ukuze akhule izimpande ezinkulu. Le mbali izokhula kahle futhi ikhule ngokufudumele kuphela. Izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu lingama-20-24 ° C.
Ukunakekela i-gerbera yasendlini ngemuva kokuqhakaza kuqukethe ukuklebhula ama-inflorescence avele ngaphansi kwempande, uma kungenjalo azoqala ukubola futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
Ungayinisela kanjani i-gerbera ebhodweni
Iza kithi ivela eNingizimu Afrika, lesi sivakashi esishisayo sidinga ukuthambisa njalo. Kuyadingeka ukunisela i-gerbera ebhodweni ngamanzi afudumele kuphela - 20 ° ะก futhi hhayi ukwehlisa, ngaphandle kwalokho lesi sifo siyalandela. Qiniseka ukuthi ufafaza iziqu usebenzisa amanzi afudumele. Ukwenza ngokweqile umhlaba kuyingozi futhi - amaqabunga angezansi azoqala ukubola. Noma kumhlabathi omanzi, izibungu eziyingozi ziyaqala.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-gerbera ngemuva kokuthenga
Lapho uthenga i-gerbera ebhodweni, khumbula ukuthi ukuyisusa e-greenhouse iye efulethini sekuvele kuyacindezela imbali, ngakho-ke linda ushintsho. Kubalulekile ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ukujwayela kwenzeka, kuvame ukuthatha amaviki ambalwa.
Ukufakelwa kweGerbera kunezifiso zayo. Awukwazi ukubhekana nokufakelwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - lokhu kubeka phansi imbali yezimbali. Lapho ufaka okunye esikhundleni, khetha ibhodwe likhulu ngo-3 cm kunangaphambili. Lungiselela inhlabathi ekhanyayo. Sincoma ukutshala enhlabathini enjalo: ama-lobes amabili omhlaba onamaqabunga, isabelo se-peat, ingxenye yesihlabathi. Ungasebenzisi umquba kanye ne-humus - balimaza lesi sitshalo.
Umanyolo weGerbera wehluka ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokukhula
Ezinyangeni zokuqala zasentwasahlobo kanye ehlobo, ngesikhathi sesigaba sokukhula okuluhlaza, udinga ukusebenzisa umanyolo ohlanganisa i-nitrogen, kepha khumbula ukuthi udinga isisombululo esibuthakathaka, okungukuthi, udinga ukusihlikihla ngoketshezi oluningi kunemiyalo eshiwo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kusetshenziswa umanyolo nge-potassium, kepha futhi - umanyolo kumele ujutshwe ngamandla.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukunakekela i-gerbera ekhaya kudinga ukunakekelwa nolwazi oluthile.
Ukusakazeka kukaGerbera ngembewu ekhaya
Ukuze ukhule i-gerbera kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukuthi uyihlwanyele emiphongolweni nge-peat encane nesihlabathi ngoMashi bese umboza ngengilazi, ungakhohlwa ukungena umoya nsuku zonke. Umhlaba kufanele ugcine umswakama, futhi amazinga okushisa kufanele abe esifundeni esingu-18 ° C.
Lapho izithombo zikhula futhi kuvela amaqabunga angama-2-3, ayadonswa amanzi, kuthi lapho amaqabunga eba ngu-4-5, bese egxila futhi ezimbizeni ezinkulu. Kepha imbewu ayigcini ngokuhlukahluka kokwehlukahlukana, futhi umphumela uzoba mkhulu.
Ukusakazeka kweqabunga le-Gerbera
Ukuze wenze lokhu, sinqume ingxenye yesiqu ngefindo neqabunga bese uyitshala emhlabathini ofudumele (cishe ama-25 ° C). Kungakapheli isonto, iqabunga lima izimpande, kufanele lisuswe, lihlukanise i-rhizome libe izingxenye futhi litshalwe. yenza le nqubo kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi.
Njengasendabeni yokusakazeka kwe-gerbera ngembewu, lapho usebenzisa iqabunga, izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukeneko zivame ukunyamalala.
Ukusakazeka kukaGerbera ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Indlela ethembeke kakhulu yokuzalanisa i-gerbera ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Isihlahla seminyaka emithathu noma emine sihlukaniswe izingxenye ngezingcezu zezimpande, bese siyatshalwa. Izihlahla ziba nezimpande isikhathi eside - cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha, bese ziqala ukuqhakaza cishe unyaka emva kokutshala. Kepha le ndlela mhlawumbe isindisa izici zokuhlukahluka. Siyincoma ngokuzalanisa i-gerbera ekhaya.
Izifo zendlu kaGerbera nezinambuzane
Kungani amahlamvu ephenduka aphuzi egunjini le-gerbera
- Uma i-yellowness ivele ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga, khona-ke mhlawumbe imbali ivele ivumelane nezimo ezintsha, kepha uma ophuzi kungekapheli isonto, khona-ke kungcono ukucabanga ngezinye izizathu;
- Ukuntuleka komswakama okungenzeka, lesi sitshalo asifafazwa;
- Ukunisela ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokukhula nakho kuholela kulokhu;
- Kepha imvamisa amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi ngenxa yokuntuleka noma isibalo esikhulu sokukhanya. Beka isitshalo sakho kahle futhi konke kuzophumelela.
Uma amaqabunga e-gerbera abuna
- Kungenzeka ukuthi wephule ibhalansi yamanzi yesitshalo - kungaba mancane noma manzi kakhulu. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukubola, bese uwasika ngokushesha.
Impendulo efanayo yombuzo "kungani izimbali ze-gerbera ziqhuma?"
- Iphuzu lonke likubhalansi lwamanzi, amanzi njengoba imbali idinga, futhi izokujabulisa ngokuqhakaza isikhathi eside.
Kwenzeka kaningi lokho ama-gerbera ashiya womile.
- Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu: ukukhanya okungalungile noma izimo zamanzi;
- Ukonakala kwenhlabathi okulimazayo. Le nkomba kufanele ibe sendaweni kusuka ku-4.7 kuye ku-5.4 pH;
- Ukudla okungalungile komanyolo.
Imvamisa isifo sale imbali, esidala amahlamvu asomile fusarium.
Ukwelapha imbali, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungcolise umhlaba ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate, kepha ungawudli ngokweqile, ngoba ukweqisa komkhiqizo kuzoholela ekunciphiseni kwe-ferum enhlabathini.
Kaningi, kuvela inhlanganisela emhlophe emaqabungeni e-gerbera. Kukhona futhi izincazelo eziningana zalokhu.
Isilo samazolo - kunqunywa ngokusula ishidi. Uma ukungcola okumhlophe kuqoqene inhlama, futhi iqabunga selibe lihlanzekile - lokhu kungamazolo.
- Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo, kulungiswa isixazululo se-potassium permanganate: igremu eyodwa nohhafu ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi. Isebenza kangcono ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo.
- Ukumiliselwa kwe-Mullein - isabelo esisodwa ezingxenyeni ezintathu zamanzi. Kuyadingeka ukuvumela umuthi ukuba wenze utshwala izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho iyahlungwa bese ifafazwa esitshalweni njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa. Kepha ungasebenzisa i-serum elula. Ihlanjululwe ngamanzi 1: 7 futhi ixubaniswe ne-isipuni se-sulfate yethusi.
Mold- kwakha ukuhlanganiswa kokubukeka kwe-fibrous noma yoboya. Uma ingagawulwa ngokushesha bese ibulawa magciwane, ungalahlekelwa yisitshalo.
Ukubola okumhlophe - Le yi-mushroom eyakha i-fluff emhlophe yombala onsomi. I-cannon imane nje iyisiqalo, bese kuba khona izitshalo zesitshalo. Lesi sifo sisakazeka ngokushesha.
- Ukwelashwa, ungasebenzisa noma yiziphi izindlela ezingenhla.
Uma i-gerbera itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, ingatheleleka nge-aphid. Ngaphambi kokufaka ungene endlini, qiniseka ukuyiphatha ngesibulala-zinambuzane.
