Kunzima ukuphuthelwa kunoma iyiphi ingadi okunethezeka, okunesizotha, futhi okunemibala emihle yama-dahlias. Le ndlovukazi yeqiniso ekwindla ayazi ngokulingana ngosayizi wama-inflorescence, noma ekubonakaliseni kwayo engxenyeni yesibili yesikhathi sengadi. Ngeshwa, ukuze ukwazi ukubabaza i-dahlia ebabazekayo yezimbali, kufanele usebenze kanzima. I-Dahlias iqhakaza ngokubabazekayo kuphela lapho izitshalo zivuselela kabusha ngesikhathi futhi zilawula inani lamahlumela. I-dahlias enkulu kakhulu, eyandisiwe ngeke ijabulise ama-inflorescence amakhulu amakhulu namahle. Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-dahlias kuyinqubo elula, kepha kusenobuqili bayo.
Ukwahlukaniswa kobunzima be-dahlias.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa - isihluthulelo kwezimbali ne-dahlia yezempilo
Ama-Dahlias akude kakhulu nokulula okutshala izitshalo kusuka esigabeni se-bulb ne-tuber. Lesi simila simelana nobusika obuphansi, sikhule kuphela ngokumba ubusika, isitshalo esingabizi kakhulu, esidinga imizamo emikhulu kubalimi. Impela, ama-dahlias azobongwa ngokugcwele ngokunakekela kwawo nokukhula ngokushesha, nosayizi ongakaze ubonwe, nobuhle bezimbali. Kodwa ukuze uzijabulele, kuzodingeka unakekele hhayi kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukugaya minyaka yonke ebusika, ukugcinwa okulungile nokutshala.
Ukuzala kabusha ngesikhathi kanye nokuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-dahlias kungenye yamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu ekunakekeleni lesi sitshalo.
Ngokwesigaba, ukuzala nje kubhekwa kude nenhloso eyinhloko nembangela. Vele, kwezinye izimo, ukuthola izitshalo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ukwandisa inani lokutshala kuwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Kepha ukuvuselela i-dahlias, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okumibalabala kakhulu nokulondolozwa kwempilo yabo. I-Rhizomes dahlia idinga ukuhlukaniswa kaningi, ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele.
Inhloso eyinhloko yokwehlukanisa ukuthola izithombo zezimpande zobukhulu obukhulu, lapho inani lamaphuzu wokukhula, futhi, ngokufanele, amahlumela kuwo azokuvumela ukuba uzuze izimbali ezinhle kakhulu kanye nentuthuko efanele yezitshalo. AmaDahlias akha izidleke ngenkuthalo ngentshiseko, akhula phezu kwehlobo, futhi uma izitshalo zingahlukaniswa ngendlela yesikhathi esifanele, izoqala ukonakala.
Futhi lapho inqubo yethulwa, kuzoba nezimpawu eziningi zokuphela nokulahleka kokuhlobisa. Kukholelwa ukuthi uma kungekho ukwahlukaniswa kwe-dahlias ejwayelekile ukonakala ngokuphelele, iminyaka yobudala bese ifa eminyakeni engama-5-6.
Isici esisodwa esibalulekile sokuhlukaniswa kwe-dahlia ukuvimbela. Ngokukhula kwezidleke, ama-dahlias awapheleli kuphela, kepha ukungatheleleki kwawo kuwohloka kakhulu. Amandla esitshalo wokumelana namagciwane kanye nokutheleleka, amandla okuthi angaphenduli esimweni sezulu esibi, ukumelana nezilokazane nezinye izinto ezingezinhle ngesikhathi sokukhula esidlekeni kuncishiswa cishe ngokuqondile.
Kepha ukwehlukaniswa okufika ngesikhathi kunomphumela oqondile: ama-dahlias enqubo yokusika nokuhlukanisa abonisa ukusabela okuqinile kokuvikela. Izitshalo kulula ukulwa nezifo, zivimbela kakhulu isimo sezulu, amagciwane nanoma yiziphi izinto ezingezinhle.
Ukwahlukaniswa akudingekile minyaka yonke hhayi yonke i-dahlias. Kwenziwa kuphela kulawo masampula anezilimo eziyizigaxa eziqinile, ezinempilo, ezinkulu nezikhulile ezinamamephu amaningi wokukhula.
Akukaze kwabelwane ngakho:
- ama-rhizomes amancane kakhulu;
- izitshalo ezinamaphuzu wokukhula angama-1-3;
- izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezinesiqu esincane kakhulu nentamo yezimpande.
UDahlia uyindlovukazi yengadi yasekwindla.
Izinsuku Zokuhlukaniswa Kwengadi Dahlia
I-dahlias ehlukanisayo, ibavuselela kabusha futhi ishiya nezilimo eziyizigaxa zesayizi efanele, kuyadingeka ngesikhathi lapho sebephumile enhlabathini - ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokubekelwa indawo yokubeka. Ukukhetha phakathi kokuhlukaniswa kwekwindla nentwasahlobo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya lula, imikhuba noma amathuba, isimo sezulu ekwindla ngesikhathi sokumbiwa, ngisho nezimo lapho ama-rhizomes agcinwa khona.
Ngayinye yalezi zinketho ezimbili zokuhlukanisa inezinzuzo nezinzuzo zayo:
I-Autumn Split Dahlia
Kubhekwa njengendlela elula futhi ekhiqizayo kunazo zonke. Ekwindla, lapho ama-rhizomes esembiwe, kusadingeka ukuthi uwahlanze, uwaphathe nge-fungicides, uwahlole futhi uwasuse izingxenye ezonakele. Ngakho-ke, i-Delenki, esivele ihlanzekile futhi isilungele ukuyigcinwa, ingahlukaniswa kuphela ukuze entwasahlobo bakwazi ukuqala amalungiselelo okutshala ngokushesha.
Izinzuzo eziphambili zale ndlela ziyingozi ezingaphansi zamagciwane nezifo, ukwelula kwenqubo. Kepha ubungozi bukhulu futhi:
- i-Delenki encane ibekezelela ubusika ngaphandle kwenhlabathi kubi;
- ingozi enkulu yokuphuma noma yokugula.
I-Spring Split Dahlia
Kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokuvuswa kwama-rhizomes, ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yengadi. I-dahlias ebubende ihlolwe kabusha, yenqabe. Entwasahlobo, ungabheka isimo sabo sangempela, izinso ngasekupheleni kukaMashi (futhi uma zigcinwe kahle ngalesi sikhathi, isikhathi sokuphumula siphela), kulula ukusibona nokuzihlola.
Funda izinto zethu ezinemininingwane: Ukulungiselela, ukumila nokutshala nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-dahlia.
Amaphesenti wokulahleka kokutshala okuncane alincane, futhi ubukhulu nekhwalithi ye-Delenok kulula ukunquma. Ama-dahlias amakhulu agcinwa kangcono, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukwahlukana ngaphambi kokulungiselela ukutshala, hhayi ngemuva kokumba. Kuliqiniso, ubulukhuni bokwehlukana, ukuqina kanye nokubola kwethanga, inkulu ingozi yokuthi ukutheleleka kusakazeke esidlekeni esikhulu, akuhlali kunxephezelwa yinzuzo leyo.
Noma ikuphi ukukhetha okwahlukaniswa okukhethiwe, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukusebenza ngokucophelela nokuhlolwa okuphelele, ukungabikho kokujaha kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo kuwo womabili amacala.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Autumn kwesiqu se-dahlias.
Izimo ezinemibandela zokususwa kwe-dahlia
“Indawo yokutshala,” noma i-dahlia ejwayelekile, iyi-tuber eyodwa enama-buds angama-1-3 aqinile, aphakeme nezimpande ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuyimpande eyodwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi eziningana uma izinso yiso kuphela.
Ukuze ama-dahlias akhule ngendlela ejwayelekile, ama-inflorescences ngeke akhule abe mancane, lesi sitshalo besingeke siphele futhi sivame ukuvuthwa, esihlahleni ngasinye kungakufanelekela ukushiya amabili, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iziqu ezintathu. Amahlumela angaphezulu anconyelwe ukuba asuswe ngisho nasezindabeni zokuqala zokukhula, kepha kungcono uma inani eliphezulu lamahlumela lilinganiselwe noma ngaphambi kokuhluma noma ukutshala ngokulawula inani lamahlumela.
Ungaphambuka kuleveli noma okujwayelekile. Esimweni ngasinye esithile, indlela yokuhlukanisa, imigqa lapho kufanelekile ukusika khona ama-rhizomes nokuthi udinga malini ukushiya izinso nezilimo eziyizigaxa, udinga ukunquma ngawodwana. Kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqala ngokuxilongwa okugcwele nokukhonjwa kwalezo zinso ezisezinhlangeni ngasinye. Uma kunzima ukuzula, ungachaza imigqa nezinso ngomaka.
Uma uthenge izinhlobonhlobo ezingandile, une-dividend eyodwa kuphela, isitshalo sisuswe kabi futhi kuneshubhu elilodwa kuphela elinamaqabunga, kumayelana nokusindisa izinhlobonhlobo noma ukuzama ukukhulisa izihlahla ezimbalwa ezimpandeni eyodwa, unghlukanisa i-tuber izimpande ngesigamu, ushiye u-1- engxenyeni ngayinye. Izinso ezi-2. Uma i-tuber yakha izimpande eziqinile nohlaka olulodwa kuphela, ungaluhlukanisa ngokuphepha ukuze kukhule isihlahla esinamandla nesiqu esisodwa.
Umgomo wokukhethwa komuntu ngamunye wesayizi wama-Deletins nasenkondweni "ehlukile" uyasebenza. Uma isitshalo sasigula, sibuthakathaka, ama-rhizomes asesimweni esibi, izimpande cishe azikakhiwa, futhi ama-buds abuthakathaka kakhulu, ngakho-ke, kungakhathalekile ukuthi inani le-efihlekile, kungcono ukushiya izingxenye ezinkulu ze-rhizome ukuze isitshalo siphinde sibuye futhi sakhe isisindo esisezingeni eliphezulu ehlobo. Kulokhu, ama-tubers ama-2-3 anezinso ezijwayelekile ze-1-3 asele kuhlukaniso.
Isimpande esincane kodwa esisebenzayo se-dahlias.
I-Dahlia Tuber Sepgment Technology
Noma yikuphi ukwahlukaniswa kwe-dahlias - kokubili ekwindla nasentwasahlobo - kufanele kwandulelwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesitshalo; ukususwa kwazo zonke izingxenye ezomile nezilimele. Ukuhlanzeka ngokucocekile kwama-nezilimo eziyizigaxa, kanye nokuzifakwisa ku-fungicides kanye nokugeza, kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuhlukanisa. Amabhulabhu amakhulu kuno-15 cm ubude kufanele afushaniswe.
Ngaphambi kokwehlukana, iziqu zifushaniswa zibe ukuphakama okungu-1-2 cm, bese isibeletho, ishubhu esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esimnyama kunazo zonke, sinqunywe (njengezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane, ezingenhla, ezibuthakathaka zangamuva ezinobukhulu obungaphansi kuka-1.5 cm futhi ngaphandle kokuqhakaza).
Inketho elula kakhulu yokuhlukaniswa kwe-dahlia ukwenza konke ngesandla. Uma isitshalo sasiba neziqu eziningana, ama-tubers ahlukaniswa kalula, khona-ke asikho isidingo sokusika. Kwanele, ubambe kahle ama-rhizomes kusuka ngezansi, ukhulule kancane i-tuber bese uqhekeka izidleke ngokucophelela ezingxenyeni eziningana noma ngezigaxa ezihlukile.
Uma isitshalo sinesiga esisodwa noma ama-tubers agqotshwe ngokunamandla, sikhule sindawonye, futhi akunakwenzeka ukusaphula ngesandla, lapho-ke kunokuba sibangele ukulimala, kungcono ukusebenzisa ngokushesha indlela yokusika.
Sika nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-dahlia ngommese obukhali, ococekile, omncane. Kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa izihlahla zokuchelela noma isikere. Kepha ummese ungcono ngoba awucindezeli izicubu zezimpande. Ukwelashwa kwe-blade kanye nokubulala amagciwane kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokusikwa ngakunye.
Lapho uhlukanisa ama-rhizomes nge-hemp eyodwa, isiqu sinqunywa ngokucophelela ngesigamu, sishiya izihluma ngasohlangothini zombili, bese welula ukwahlukanisa siye ezinhlangothini. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezisendaweni emincane zihlukaniswe ngobunye komunye nomunye.
Uma i-Delenki ephumile inkulu kakhulu, ungaqhubeka nokuhlukanisa isiqu ngesigamu ngokunwebeka izingxenye. Uma ufuna ukuthola inani elikhudlwana lokwehlukaniswa kwemali, khona-ke nezilimo eziyizigaxa eziqinile, nezithuthukiswe kahle ezinezimbali ezinkulu zinqunywa ngesigamu ngokusikwa ngobunono ngisho.
Noma ikuphi ukusika "izimpande" kubalulekile ukuhamba eduze ne-tuber, ukubheka ukuthi ama-buds kanye nezimpande zokukhula zikuphi. Izingxenye zenziwa buqamama kusuka amahlumela, zishiya isikhala esanele sokuphola amanxeba futhi zingasondeli kumaphuzu okukhula kuwo.
Akunandaba noma ngabe kwakudingeka yini ukuphula noma ukusika i-dahlias, noma yisiphi isilonda esitshalweni ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kumele siphathwe ngenhlanganisela yokuvikela. Amalahle ajwayelekile okuchotshozwa, i-potanganum permanganate, ezimweni ezibucayi - okuluhlaza okugqamile, isibabule, isikhunta noma ikhambi elikhethekile le-anyanisi kufakwa kuwo wonke umhlaba osikiwe. Ngemuva kokuhlukanisa, izingcezu zivunyelwe ukuba zome izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Uma umsebenzi wokwakha isiqwenga esikhulu ngangokunokwenzeka sonyaka ukuze usakaze noma usindise izinhlobonhlobo, ama-dahlia dahlias adinga ukutshalwa emhlabathini osezingeni eliphakeme kanye nezimo ezikhethwe ngokucophelela.
Ngenkathi, kuyadingeka ukuvimba ukomiswa isikhathi eside kwenhlabathi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthambisa njalo nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ukusika ingxenye yezimbali noma ukuvimba ukuqhuma ngokubanzi kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole izidleke ezinkulu, ezingabiwa kusukela ekuqaleni kokuwa okulandelayo.
