Iklabishi kungenye yezinhlobo zendabuko zemifino etshalwe ezweni lethu amakhulu amaningi eminyaka. Phakathi kwezimpawu zayo, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ubukhona ekwakhiweni kwenani elikhulu lezinto eziwusizo ezingalahleki hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi sokupheka, kodwa nangesikhathi eside sokugcina.
Iklabishi ngesinye sezilimo ezivimbela ukubanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingatshalwa ezifundeni ezinezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene. Iklabishi aligcini nje ngemifino ebalulekile, kodwa futhi linikeza amathuba amaningi okukhula ngenxa yokwehluka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ngalinye lihlukaniswa ngezimpawu zalo. Iklabishi elimhlophe libhekwa njengomholi ngokuthandwa, izinhlobo zazo ezingaba nezikhathi ezihlukile zokuvuthwa.
Iklabishi elivuthiwe lokuqala
Uma ufuna ukuthola imifino emisha etafuleni kusenesikhathi, kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo zokuqala kwentwasahlobo. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuphelele kwiklabishi. Izinhlobo zokuqala zamakhekhe amhlophe ahlinzekwa ezitolo avumela amakhanda ukuba akhe enkathini kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-100 kuye kwezingama-120. Yize kulokhu, ungathola ikhanda lokuqala leklabishi emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambili uma utshala iklabishi ngezithombo. Imvamisa, izithombo ezifike eminyakeni engama-45-50 isetshenziselwa ukutshala izithombo zamakhaphethi amhlophe ngaphansi kwezimo ezivulekile.
Ukutshala iklabishi izithombo?
Ngaphambi kokufuna izinto zokutshala nokuzilungiselela ukutshala iklabishi lezithombo, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi uzitshala nini izithombo zezithombo. Ukuthola isikhathi esifaneleko kulula. Unganquma isikhathi esifanelekile sokutshala imbewu, wazi lezi zinhlaka ezimbili ezilandelayo:
- Izinsuku lapho kuhlelwa khona ukutshala izithombo zeklabishi elimhlophe ekuqaleni kweklabishi engadini;
- Iminyaka yezithombo.
Kuncike ekutheni isimo sezulu sihle emigwaqweni, futhi kuhlelwe ukutshala izithombo ezincane zeklabishi ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, isikhathi esifanelekile sokutshala imbewu maphakathi noma ngasekupheleni kukaMashi. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngosuku lokutshala izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, udinga donsela izinsuku ezingama-45-50. Njengomphumela wezibalo, kuzotholwa usuku, oluzoba umhlahlandlela wokutshala iklabishi lezithombo.
Izinsuku zokuthola amakhanda okuqala eklabishi
Ngokufanayo, noma yimuphi umhlali wasehlobo angakwazi ukubala ukuthi yisikhathi sokuvuna nini. Ukuthola ukuthi kuzokwenzeka nini ukuthola iklabishi yokuqala kaJuni etafuleni, kuyadingeka ukubheka izici ngazinye zezinhlobonhlobo zeklabishi yokuqala. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuhlala ngemininingwane eminingi kwamanye awo. Zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi emhlophe yokuqala zifaka izikhathi ezivuthiwe ezihlukile. Isikhathi sokulinda, ukuqala ngokuvela kwezithombo zokuqala futhi siphela ngokufezeka kokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, singehluka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene:
- Izinsuku ezingama-92-100 - "uJuni";
- Izinsuku ezingama-102-110 - "ihektha leGolide";
- Izinsuku ezingama-120 - "Isipho".
Ngakho-ke, uma sicabanga ukuthi sinezithombo zokuqala iklabishi eneminyaka engama-45 ubudala futhi sahlela ukuyitshala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, khona-ke singalindela ukuvela kwamakhanda okuqala ezinhlobonhlobo zikaJuni kuqala ngoJuni. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho ukhetha isikhathi sokutshala izithombo, kufanele unake izici zezulu zesifunda.
Kufanelekile ukutshala iklabishi yakuqala isikhathi lapho ifudumele khona ngokwanele phakathi nosuku futhi akukho ukuguquguquka okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa ebusuku. Kuya ngendawo, lezinsuku zingahluka. Ngalesi sizathu, lapho utshala izithombo, kuyadingeka ukugxila ezicini zesifunda esithile. Ngezithombo zeklabishi yokuqala, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindawo zokugcina amafilimu ukuze iqhwa ngengozi lingalimazi izithombo ezincane.
Izindlela zokutshala imbewu yeklabishi yezithombo
Ukuqoqa amakhabethe amakhulu nanambitheka ekwindla, udinga ukusebenzisa izithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokutshala. Indlela elula yokuxazulula inkinga naye uma uyithenga kubahlali basehlobo. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nobunzima, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuvuna kukhona ingozi yokuthola izimpawu zesifo ekhanda. Abanye kungenzeka bangaphili kuze kube manje, noma bangabi nesikhathi sokuvuthwa. Ngakho-ke, kusanconywa ukuba uhlanganyele ngokuzimela ekulimeni kwezinto zokutshala.
Ngenxa yalo mcimbi, umlimi uyabaleka isikhathi, ngenxa yalokho uthola ithuba lokuvuna ngaphambi kokuhlelela. Kunezindlela eziningana zokukhulisa izithombo. Okulula futhi okungabizi kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo zefilimu kanye nama-hotbeds ngokushisa. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke ungatshala izithombo ezimweni zekamelo. Endabeni yokugcina, kunezimpawu zabo siqu, ezibandakanya ukukha izitshalo noma ukungabikho kwayo.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Esimweni sokulungiselela imbewu yokuhlwanyela izithombo, kumele iqale icutshungulwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungaqiniseka ukuthi zizokhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni izithombo eziqinile nezinempilo. Uma sikhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngokuphathwa kwembewu, kufaka phakathi ukuhlunga. Ukusetshenziswa kokutshala kunconyelwe okusanhlamvu okugcwele-isisindo. Ungabathola ngobubanzi, okufanele okungenani bube ngu-2 mm. Yonke imbewu enomonakalo noma izingxenyana ezincane ezikhonjwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhetha kumele isuswe. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele zifakwe usawoti. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuthatha u-50 g kasawoti bese uyixube nelitha elilodwa lamanzi axazululiwe.
Imbewu izobe inempilo ephelele, okuthi, ngemuva kokufaka isixazululo se-saline, icwila ezansi ithangi. Okusanhlamvu okuvela kumele kususwe. Ngemuva kwalokho yonke imbewu kufanele ihlanzwe. Imbewu ehlelwe ngokuphumelelayo manje kufanele ifakwe ekwelashweni kokushisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha amanzi afudumele ukuya kuma-degree angama-50, bese ubeka imbewu kuyo imizuzu engama-20. Inqubo efanayo izosabalalisa ukhula okusanhlamvu. Akukulimazi ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kwembewu ngezinto zomkhondo. Ngalezi zinhloso, ungasebenzisa i-tincture esekelwe kumlotha wezinkuni. Ukuyilungisa, udinga thatha lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- umlotha wezinkuni - 200 g;
- amanzi amile - 10 l.
Imbewu efakwe ku-tincture kufanele ihlale kuyo amahora amane. Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe ekushiseni kwamanzi. Ngokulandelayo, izinto zokutshala zikhishwa emanzini bese zivunyelwe ukuba zome. Izindlela ezengeziwe zokulungiselela ukuhlwanyelwa ziyafesa futhi ziqhume. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukufeza, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokufeza lezi zinyathelo ezingenhla, ungaqala ukutshala imbewu.
Amathangi wokuhlwanyela
Imbewu yeklabishi yokuqala yezimo zasekamelweni ingahlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezincane ezigcwaliswa ngaphambili ngenhlabathi. Ngale njongo, ungasebenzisa ama-pallets epulasitiki noma amabhokisi enkuni. Kodwa-ke, kuleli cala, izitshalo kufanele zithathwe kukhetho. Ngenye indlela, zingaba amakhasethi epulasitiki noma izinkomishi.
Inketho ejwayelekile ukuhlwanyela ku-peat kanye nama-briquette kakhukhunathi. Kodwa-ke, lapho-ke izitshalo akudingeki zishone. Uma kungekho iziqukathi ezenziwe ngomumo zokuhlwanyela izithombo zeklabishi, kufanele zenziwe ngokwazo, zisebenzisa izinto ezitholakalayo. Njengoba singasetshenziswa izikhwama zepulasitiki noma amakhadibhodi, amabhokisi ahlukahlukene, izikhwama zepulasitiki, izinkomishi zamaphepha, njll. Kepha kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lweziqukathi lapho uzohlwanyela khona izithombo, kubalulekile ukwenza izimbobo zokudonsa kuzo. Uma kungekho ndlela yokususa umswakama ngokweqile, khona-ke lokhu kungadala ukukhula kwezifo ezitshalweni.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Uma ulandela inqubo yezolimo yokutshala izithombo iklabishi yokuqala, ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izingxube zomhlaba ezilungiselelwe yona ngokukhethekile. Umhlaba wensimu ejwayelekile akuyona inketho efanelekile, ngoba ungaqukatha izibungu zezinambuzane ezingadala ukugula okungathí sina eklabishi. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthatha ekwindla ukulungiselela ingxube yobumba izithombo.
Uma ngesikhathi esifanele izimo ezithile zivimbele ukulungiswa komhlaba wezithombo, khona-ke ungaphuma kulesimo ngokuthenga izingxube ezenziwe ngomumo esitolo. Lapho uzikhetha, kufanele ucabange ukwakheka kanye nosuku lokukhiqiza. Ukuze uthole izithombo ezikhulayo zeklabishi yokuqala, ungasebenzisa ingxube elungiselelwe ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnikazi angakhetha okukodwa kokukhethwa okuningi kokulungiswa kwengoma enjalo yenhlabathi:
Inombolo yokuqamba 1. Isilinganiso sezingxenye 1: 1: 1:
- Peat;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- humus.
Inombolo yokuqamba 2. Isilinganiso sezingxenye 1: 1/4: 1/4:
- umlotha wezinkuni;
- lime;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo.
Ukuqanjwa No. 3. Isilinganiso sezingxenye 1: 3: 1/4:
- umhlaba wefudu;
- Peat;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo.
Ukuze uthole izithombo eziqinile futhi ezinempilo zeklabishi yokuqala, inhlabathi esetshenziselwa ukukhula akufanele ibe nokuvunda kuphela, kodwa futhi ibe nesakhiwo somoya nomoya oswakeme. Lezi zimfanelo zinazo noma yiziphi izingoma ezingenhla. Uma kunesidingo, izingxube ezinjalo zingalungiswa izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyelwa futhi zigcinwe egumbini elibandayo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, inhlabathi kumele ilethwe esimweni esifudumele. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokushesha okukhulu ngokukufudumeza nge-vapor yamanzi. Lo msebenzi unenzuzo ephindwe kabili, ngoba ngaphezu kwakho konke, kukuvumela ukuthi ungcwelise umhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokhu inhlabathi ibekwe ezitsheniilungiselelwe ukukhula kwezithombo. Uma iziqukathi zepulasitiki zihlelwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe kaninginingi, khona-ke ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okulandelayo kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate. Ukusebenza okufanayo kungenziwa maqondana nomhlabathi uqobo, uma ungazange uphathwe ngokushisa okushisa.
Isiphetho
Yize ukutshala iklabishi elimhlophe ngokwako kuyindaba elula, kepha abahlali abaningi ehlobo bazimisele ukuthola amakhanda okuqala eklabishi ngaphambili kunokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, bahlanganyela ekutshalweni kwalo ngezithombo. Ngokwemvelo, le ndlela inenkinga kakhulu, kodwa ngokuziphatha okuyikho kwayo yonke imisebenzi vele emasontweni okuqala kaJuni Ungathola amakhanda amasha eklabishi lokuqala elivuthiwe. Kodwa-ke, konke kuncike kulungiselelo nasekutshaleni izithombo. Akudingeki nje kuphela ukukhetha imbewu efanele yeklabishi, kodwa futhi nokulungiselela inhlabathi yayo, futhi futhi nokuthola isikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela imbewu. Njengoba unikezwe la maphuzu, ungathola isivuno sokuqala seklabishi elimhlophe minyaka yonke.
